Eyewitness memory (original) (raw)
Eyewitness memory is a person's episodic memory for a crime or other dramatic event that he or she has witnessed. Eyewitness testimony is often relied upon in the judicial system. It can also refer to an individual's memory for a face, where they are required to remember the face of their perpetrator, for example. However, the accuracy of eyewitness memories is sometimes questioned because there are many factors that can act during encoding and retrieval of the witnessed event which may adversely affect the creation and maintenance of the memory for the event. Experts have found evidence to suggest that eyewitness memory is fallible.
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| dbo:abstract | Eyewitness memory is a person's episodic memory for a crime or other dramatic event that he or she has witnessed. Eyewitness testimony is often relied upon in the judicial system. It can also refer to an individual's memory for a face, where they are required to remember the face of their perpetrator, for example. However, the accuracy of eyewitness memories is sometimes questioned because there are many factors that can act during encoding and retrieval of the witnessed event which may adversely affect the creation and maintenance of the memory for the event. Experts have found evidence to suggest that eyewitness memory is fallible. It has long been speculated that mistaken eyewitness identification plays a major role in the wrongful conviction of innocent individuals. A growing body of research now supports this speculation, indicating that mistaken eyewitness identification is responsible for more convictions of the innocent than all other factors combined. This may be due to the fact that details of unpleasant emotional events are recalled poorly compared to neutral events. States of high emotional arousal, which occur during a stressful or traumatic event, lead to less efficient memory processing. The Innocence Project determined that 75% of the 239 DNA exoneration cases had occurred due to inaccurate eyewitness testimony. It is important to inform the public about the flawed nature of eyewitness memory and the difficulties relating to its use in the criminal justice system so that eyewitness accounts are not viewed as the absolute truth. (en) La memoria de testigo es la memoria episódica de una persona por un delito u otro acontecimiento dramático en el que él o ella ha sido testigo. El testimonio de testigos a menudo se basa en el sistema judicial. También puede hacer referencia a la memoria de un individuo por una cara, en los que están obligados a recordar, por ejemplo, la cara de su agresor. Sin embargo, la exactitud de la memoria de testigo a veces se cuestiona porque hay muchos factores que pueden actuar durante la codificación y la recuperación de caso testigo, que puede afectar negativamente a la creación y mantenimiento de la memoria del evento. Los expertos han encontrado pruebas que sugieren que la memoria de testigos es falible. Durante mucho tiempo se ha especulado que la identificación de testigos equivocada juega un papel importante en la convicción errónea de individuos inocentes. Un creciente cuerpo de investigación ahora es compatible con esta especulación, lo que indica que la identificación de testigos errónea es responsable de más condenas de inocentes que todos los demás factores combinados. El Proyecto Inocencia determinó que el 75% de los casos de exoneración, por el ADN 239, había ocurrido debido a testimonios de testigos inexactos. Es importante informar al público acerca de la naturaleza defectuosa de la memoria de los testigos y de las dificultades relativas a su uso en el sistema de justicia penal para que los relatos de los testigos no sean vistos como la verdad absoluta. (es) |
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| rdfs:comment | Eyewitness memory is a person's episodic memory for a crime or other dramatic event that he or she has witnessed. Eyewitness testimony is often relied upon in the judicial system. It can also refer to an individual's memory for a face, where they are required to remember the face of their perpetrator, for example. However, the accuracy of eyewitness memories is sometimes questioned because there are many factors that can act during encoding and retrieval of the witnessed event which may adversely affect the creation and maintenance of the memory for the event. Experts have found evidence to suggest that eyewitness memory is fallible. (en) La memoria de testigo es la memoria episódica de una persona por un delito u otro acontecimiento dramático en el que él o ella ha sido testigo. El testimonio de testigos a menudo se basa en el sistema judicial. También puede hacer referencia a la memoria de un individuo por una cara, en los que están obligados a recordar, por ejemplo, la cara de su agresor. Sin embargo, la exactitud de la memoria de testigo a veces se cuestiona porque hay muchos factores que pueden actuar durante la codificación y la recuperación de caso testigo, que puede afectar negativamente a la creación y mantenimiento de la memoria del evento. Los expertos han encontrado pruebas que sugieren que la memoria de testigos es falible. Durante mucho tiempo se ha especulado que la identificación de testigos equivocada ju (es) |
| rdfs:label | Memoria de Testigo (es) Eyewitness memory (en) |
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