Field experiment (original) (raw)
Das Feldexperiment ist eine Forschungsart, bei der eine Untersuchung in Form eines Experimentes durchgeführt wird. Diese steht im Gegensatz zum einer anderen experimentellen Versuchsanordnung, dem Laborexperiment.
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| dbo:abstract | Das Feldexperiment ist eine Forschungsart, bei der eine Untersuchung in Form eines Experimentes durchgeführt wird. Diese steht im Gegensatz zum einer anderen experimentellen Versuchsanordnung, dem Laborexperiment. (de) Los experimentos de campo, como los experimentos de laboratorio, asignan aleatoriamente a los sujetos (u otras unidades de muestreo) a grupos de tratamiento o de control para evaluar las afirmaciones de relaciones causales. La asignación aleatoria ayuda a establecer la comparabilidad del grupo de tratamiento y control, de modo que cualquier diferencia entre ellos que surja después de que el tratamiento haya sido administrado refleje de manera plausible la influencia del tratamiento en lugar de las diferencias preexistentes entre los grupos. Las características distintivas de los experimentos de campo son que se llevan a cabo en entornos del mundo real y, a menudo, discretamente. Esto contrasta con los experimentos de laboratorio, que imponen el control científico al probar una hipótesis en el entorno artificial y altamente controlado de un laboratorio. Los experimentos de campo también tienen algunas diferencias contextuales de los experimentos y cuasiexperimentos que ocurren naturalmente. Si bien los experimentos que se producen naturalmente dependen de una fuerza externa (por ejemplo, un gobierno, una organización sin fines de lucro, etc.) que controla la asignación e implementación del tratamiento de aleatorización, los experimentos de campo requieren que los investigadores retengan el control sobre la aleatorización y la implementación. Los cuasiexperimentos se producen cuando los tratamientos se administran de forma aleatoria (por ejemplo, distritos del Congreso de EE. UU. donde los candidatos ganan con márgenes reducidos, patrones climáticos, desastres naturales, etc. ) Los experimentos de campo abarcan una amplia gama de diseños experimentales, cada uno con diversos grados de generalidad. Algunos criterios de generalidad (por ejemplo, autenticidad de los tratamientos, participantes, contextos y medidas de resultado) se refieren a las similitudes contextuales entre los sujetos de la muestra experimental y el resto de la población. Se utilizan cada vez más en las ciencias sociales para estudiar los efectos de las intervenciones relacionadas con las políticas en ámbitos como la salud, la educación, la delincuencia, el bienestar social y la política. (es) Field experiments are experiments carried out outside of laboratory settings. They randomly assign subjects (or other sampling units) to either treatment or control groups in order to test claims of causal relationships. Random assignment helps establish the comparability of the treatment and control group, so that any differences between them that emerge after the treatment has been administered plausibly reflect the influence of the treatment rather than pre-existing differences between the groups. The distinguishing characteristics of field experiments are that they are conducted real-world settings and often unobtrusively. This is in contrast to laboratory experiments, which enforce scientific control by testing a hypothesis in the artificial and highly controlled setting of a laboratory. Field experiments have some contextual differences as well from naturally-occurring experiments and quasi-experiments. While naturally-occurring experiments rely on an external force (e.g. a government, nonprofit, etc.) controlling the randomization treatment assignment and implementation, field experiments require researchers to retain control over randomization and implementation. Quasi-experiments occur when treatments are administered as-if randomly (e.g. U.S. Congressional districts where candidates win with slim-margins, weather patterns, natural disasters, etc.). Field experiments encompass a broad array of experimental designs, each with varying degrees of generality. Some criteria of generality (e.g. authenticity of treatments, participants, contexts, and outcome measures) refer to the contextual similarities between the subjects in the experimental sample and the rest of the population. They are increasingly used in the social sciences to study the effects of policy-related interventions in domains such as health, education, crime, social welfare, and politics. (en) Une expérience de terrain est une expérience scientifique qui a lieu dans le monde réel plutôt que dans un laboratoire. Ce protocole est souvent utilisé en économétrie appliquée pour évaluer l'effet causal d'une politique publique. (fr) |
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| rdfs:comment | Das Feldexperiment ist eine Forschungsart, bei der eine Untersuchung in Form eines Experimentes durchgeführt wird. Diese steht im Gegensatz zum einer anderen experimentellen Versuchsanordnung, dem Laborexperiment. (de) Une expérience de terrain est une expérience scientifique qui a lieu dans le monde réel plutôt que dans un laboratoire. Ce protocole est souvent utilisé en économétrie appliquée pour évaluer l'effet causal d'une politique publique. (fr) Field experiments are experiments carried out outside of laboratory settings. They randomly assign subjects (or other sampling units) to either treatment or control groups in order to test claims of causal relationships. Random assignment helps establish the comparability of the treatment and control group, so that any differences between them that emerge after the treatment has been administered plausibly reflect the influence of the treatment rather than pre-existing differences between the groups. The distinguishing characteristics of field experiments are that they are conducted real-world settings and often unobtrusively. This is in contrast to laboratory experiments, which enforce scientific control by testing a hypothesis in the artificial and highly controlled setting of a laborato (en) Los experimentos de campo, como los experimentos de laboratorio, asignan aleatoriamente a los sujetos (u otras unidades de muestreo) a grupos de tratamiento o de control para evaluar las afirmaciones de relaciones causales. La asignación aleatoria ayuda a establecer la comparabilidad del grupo de tratamiento y control, de modo que cualquier diferencia entre ellos que surja después de que el tratamiento haya sido administrado refleje de manera plausible la influencia del tratamiento en lugar de las diferencias preexistentes entre los grupos. Las características distintivas de los experimentos de campo son que se llevan a cabo en entornos del mundo real y, a menudo, discretamente. Esto contrasta con los experimentos de laboratorio, que imponen el control científico al probar una hipótesis en (es) |
| rdfs:label | Feldexperiment (de) Experimento de campo (es) Field experiment (en) Expérience de terrain (fr) |
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