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Fort Caroline va ser la primera colònia francesa als actuals Estats Units, estava situada a la riba del riu Saint Johns a l'actual Jacksonville, Florida. Va ser fundada sota el comandament de René Goulaine de Laudonnière el 22 de juny de 1564, com a port segur per a Hugonots. Aquest assentament francès entrà en conflicte amb els espanyols els quals fundaren Saint Augustine, Florida el setembre de 1565, i Fort Caroline va ser saquejat per les tropes espanyoles comandades per Pedro Menéndez de Avilés el 20 de setembre. Els espanyols continuaren ocupant aquest lloc com San Mateo fins a l'any 1569. La ubicacó original s'ha perdut. El 1953 el National Park Service establí el Fort Caroline National Memorial en aquesta zona, actualment part de la . (ca) Vybudování pevnosti Caroline byl pokus francouzského krále Karla IX. o založení francouzského koloniálního osídlení na Floridě. Pevnost byla založena pod vedením 22. června 1564 na březích řeky St. Johns v dnešním okrese Duval. Měla sloužit jako bezpečné útočiště pro Huguenoty . Francouzská kolonie se ale dostala do konfliktu se Španělskem, které poblíž založilo v září 1565 sídlo St. Augustine, a ještě téhož roku byla pevnost Caroline dobyta španělskými vojáky pod vedením . Španělé pak pevnost drželi až do roku 1569. Založení Fort Caroline Přesné místo, kde pevnost kdysi stála, není známo. V roce 1953 National Park Service založila Národní památník Pevnost Caroline poblíž místa, kde Laudonnière přistál. Vědci se domnívají, že pevnost stála nedaleko místa jeho přistání. Památník patří pod správu Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve a zároveň je ucelenou jednotkou National Park Service. Floride françoise („Francouzská Florida“), Pierre du Val, 17. století. National Park Service vybudovala v roce 1964 repliku původní pevnosti , ale ta byla v tom samém roce zničena . Dnes zde stojí druhá replika, také postavená a udržovaná National Park Service. Navštěvníci tak mohou vidět, jak skromnou ochranu pevnost v 16. století poskytovala. (cs) Fort Caroline war die erste französische Kolonie in den heutigen Vereinigten Staaten. Gegründet im Gebiet des heutigen Jacksonville, Florida im Jahre 1564, existierte Fort Caroline lediglich ein Jahr, bevor es von den Spaniern ausgelöscht wurde. (de) Fort Caroline was an attempted French colonial settlement in Florida, located on the banks of the St. Johns River in present-day Duval County. It was established under the leadership of René Goulaine de Laudonnière on 22 June, 1564, following King Charles IX's enlisting of Jean Ribault and his Huguenot settlers to stake a claim in French Florida ahead of Spain. The French colony came into conflict with the Spanish, who established St. Augustine in September 1565, and Fort Caroline was sacked by Spanish troops under Pedro Menéndez de Avilés on 20 September. The Spanish continued to occupy the site as San Mateo until 1569. The exact site of the former fort is unknown. In 1953 the National Park Service established the Fort Caroline National Memorial along the southern bank of the St. John's River near the point that commemorates Laudonnière's first landing. This is generally accepted by scholars as being in the vicinity of the original fort, though probably not the exact location. The memorial is now managed as a part of the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, but it is also a distinct unit under administration of the National Park Service. (en) El Fuerte Caroline (en inglés y francés: Fort Caroline) fue la primera colonia francesa en la costa este de Norteamérica. Se encuentra a orillas del río St. Johns en Jacksonville, Florida, Estados Unidos. Fue erigido bajo la dirección de René Goulaine de Laudonnière el 22 de junio de 1564, como un refugio seguro para los hugonotes franceses y una nueva reivindicación territorial en la Florida francesa. El asentamiento francés entró en conflicto con los españoles, que se establecieron en San Agustín en septiembre de 1565, y arrasaron Fort Caroline al mando de Pedro Menéndez de Avilés el 20 de septiembre. Los españoles siguieron ocupando el sitio, con el nombre de San Mateo, hasta 1569. La ubicación original se ha perdido. En 1953, el Servicio de Parques Nacionales creó el National Memorial Fort Caroline en la zona, que ahora forma parte de la Reserva histórica y ecológica de Timucuan. (es) Fort Caroline est un fort français construit dans la première colonie française sur l'actuel territoire des États-Unis. Fondée, en 1564, par René de Goulaine de Laudonnière en lien avec l'expédition de Jean Ribault mandatée par Gaspard II de Coligny, sur le Saint Johns à l'emplacement de l'actuelle cité de Jacksonville en Floride. La colonie de la Floride française ne vécut que quelques années (1562-1565) avant d'être détruite par les Espagnols. Depuis les années 1950, un Mémorial national y a été établi, comprenant une reproduction à échelle réduite du fort et un petit musée pour les visiteurs. Le site est géré en association avec le Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve. Comme pour tous les lieux historiques administrés par le National Park Service, le mémorial est inscrit au Registre national des lieux historiques, depuis le 15 octobre 1966. (fr) Fort Caroline fu la prima colonia francese permanente in Nord America, situata nell'odierna Jacksonville, Florida. (it) |
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Fort Caroline war die erste französische Kolonie in den heutigen Vereinigten Staaten. Gegründet im Gebiet des heutigen Jacksonville, Florida im Jahre 1564, existierte Fort Caroline lediglich ein Jahr, bevor es von den Spaniern ausgelöscht wurde. (de) Fort Caroline fu la prima colonia francese permanente in Nord America, situata nell'odierna Jacksonville, Florida. (it) Fort Caroline va ser la primera colònia francesa als actuals Estats Units, estava situada a la riba del riu Saint Johns a l'actual Jacksonville, Florida. Va ser fundada sota el comandament de René Goulaine de Laudonnière el 22 de juny de 1564, com a port segur per a Hugonots. Aquest assentament francès entrà en conflicte amb els espanyols els quals fundaren Saint Augustine, Florida el setembre de 1565, i Fort Caroline va ser saquejat per les tropes espanyoles comandades per Pedro Menéndez de Avilés el 20 de setembre. Els espanyols continuaren ocupant aquest lloc com San Mateo fins a l'any 1569. (ca) Vybudování pevnosti Caroline byl pokus francouzského krále Karla IX. o založení francouzského koloniálního osídlení na Floridě. Pevnost byla založena pod vedením 22. června 1564 na březích řeky St. Johns v dnešním okrese Duval. Měla sloužit jako bezpečné útočiště pro Huguenoty . Francouzská kolonie se ale dostala do konfliktu se Španělskem, které poblíž založilo v září 1565 sídlo St. Augustine, a ještě téhož roku byla pevnost Caroline dobyta španělskými vojáky pod vedením . Španělé pak pevnost drželi až do roku 1569. Založení Fort Caroline (cs) El Fuerte Caroline (en inglés y francés: Fort Caroline) fue la primera colonia francesa en la costa este de Norteamérica. Se encuentra a orillas del río St. Johns en Jacksonville, Florida, Estados Unidos. La ubicación original se ha perdido. En 1953, el Servicio de Parques Nacionales creó el National Memorial Fort Caroline en la zona, que ahora forma parte de la Reserva histórica y ecológica de Timucuan. (es) Fort Caroline was an attempted French colonial settlement in Florida, located on the banks of the St. Johns River in present-day Duval County. It was established under the leadership of René Goulaine de Laudonnière on 22 June, 1564, following King Charles IX's enlisting of Jean Ribault and his Huguenot settlers to stake a claim in French Florida ahead of Spain. The French colony came into conflict with the Spanish, who established St. Augustine in September 1565, and Fort Caroline was sacked by Spanish troops under Pedro Menéndez de Avilés on 20 September. The Spanish continued to occupy the site as San Mateo until 1569. (en) Fort Caroline est un fort français construit dans la première colonie française sur l'actuel territoire des États-Unis. Fondée, en 1564, par René de Goulaine de Laudonnière en lien avec l'expédition de Jean Ribault mandatée par Gaspard II de Coligny, sur le Saint Johns à l'emplacement de l'actuelle cité de Jacksonville en Floride. La colonie de la Floride française ne vécut que quelques années (1562-1565) avant d'être détruite par les Espagnols. Depuis les années 1950, un Mémorial national y a été établi, comprenant une reproduction à échelle réduite du fort et un petit musée pour les visiteurs. Le site est géré en association avec le Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve. Comme pour tous les lieux historiques administrés par le National Park Service, le mémorial est inscrit au Registr (fr) |
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