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معمدانية حرية الإرادة هي طائفة ومجموعة من الناس الذين يؤمنون بالنعمة الحرة والخلاص الحر والإرادة الحرة. يمكن إرجاع الحركة إلى القرن السابع عشر مع تطور المعمودية العامة في إنجلترا. يرتبط تأسيسها الرسمي على نطاق واسع بالعالم اللاهوتي الإنجليزي، توماس حلويز الذي قاد الحركة المعمدانية إلى الإيمان بالتكفير العام. كان مدافعا عن الحرية الدينية في وقت يمكن أن يكون فيه التمسك بمثل هذه الآراء خطيرا ويعاقب عليه بالإعدام. مات في السجن نتيجة الاضطهاد الديني للمعارضين البروتستانت في عهد الملك جيمس الأول. في عام 1702، استمر بول بالمر في تأسيس الحركة في ولاية كارولينا الشمالية، وفي عام 1727 أسس كنيسة الإرادة الحرة المعمدانية في تشوان. أصبح العديد من الكالفينيين معمدانيين من الإرادة الحرة في القرن التاسع عشر. مع تأسيس معمدانية حرية الإرادة في الجنوب، طور بنيامين راندال الحركة في شمال شرق الولايات المتحدة، وتحديداً مين وماساتشوستس ونيوهامبشاير. منذ البداية، اتبعت فري ويل المعمدانيون، على غرار العديد من مجموعات المنشقين الإنجليز والانفصاليين من كنيسة إنجلترا، المفاهيم البنيوية للحكم الذاتي للكنائس المحلية. كان مفهوم الإرادة الحرة رفضًا منهجيًا للحركة البيوريتانية، بسبب معتقداتها الدينية الشاملة وافتقارها إلى الحراك الاجتماعي. (ar) Free Will Baptists are a group of General Baptist denominations of Christianity that teach free grace, free salvation and free will. The movement can be traced back to the 1600s with the development of General Baptism in England. Its formal establishment is widely linked to the English theologian, Thomas Helwys who led the Baptist movement to believe in general atonement. He was an advocate of religious liberty at a time when to hold to such views could be dangerous and punishable by death. He died in prison as a consequence of the religious persecution of Protestant dissenters under King James I. In 1702 Paul Palmer would go on to establish the movement in North Carolina and in 1727 formed the Free Will Baptist Church of Chowan. Many Calvinists became Free Will Baptists in the 19th century. With the establishment of Free Will Baptists in the South, Benjamin Randall developed the movement in the Northeastern United States, specifically Maine, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. From their beginning, Free Will Baptists, in common with many groups of English Dissenters and Separatists from the Church of England, followed Brownist notions of self-governance of local churches. The notion of free will was a systematic rejection of the Puritan movement, due to its overall religious beliefs and lack of social mobility. (en) Les baptistes libres ou baptistes du libre arbitre (en anglais, Free Will Baptists ou FWB) sont un mouvement baptiste qui croit en la grâce gratuite, au salut gratuit et au libre arbitre. Le mouvement remonte aux années 1600 avec le développement du baptisme général en Angleterre. Son établissement formel est largement lié au théologien anglais Thomas Helwys, qui amena le mouvement baptiste à croire en l'expiation générale ou illimitée. Il fut un avocat de la liberté religieuse à une époque où s'en tenir à de telles vues pouvait être dangereux et passible de la peine de mort. Il mourut en prison à la suite de la persécution religieuse des dissidents anglais sous le roi Jacques Ier. En 1702, Paul Palmer établit le mouvement en Caroline du Nord et, en 1727, forma l'église baptiste du libre arbitre de Chowan. Beaucoup de calvinistes devinrent baptistes du libre arbitre au XIXe siècle. Avec l'établissement des baptistes du libre arbitre dans le sud, développa le mouvement dans le nord-est des États-Unis, plus précisément dans le Maine, le Massachusetts et le New Hampshire. L'une des caractéristiques typiques du mouvement est la notion d'autonomie des églises locales. La notion de libre arbitre constituait un rejet systématique du mouvement puritain, en raison de ses croyances religieuses globales et de son manque de mobilité sociale. (fr) |
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معمدانية حرية الإرادة هي طائفة ومجموعة من الناس الذين يؤمنون بالنعمة الحرة والخلاص الحر والإرادة الحرة. يمكن إرجاع الحركة إلى القرن السابع عشر مع تطور المعمودية العامة في إنجلترا. يرتبط تأسيسها الرسمي على نطاق واسع بالعالم اللاهوتي الإنجليزي، توماس حلويز الذي قاد الحركة المعمدانية إلى الإيمان بالتكفير العام. كان مدافعا عن الحرية الدينية في وقت يمكن أن يكون فيه التمسك بمثل هذه الآراء خطيرا ويعاقب عليه بالإعدام. مات في السجن نتيجة الاضطهاد الديني للمعارضين البروتستانت في عهد الملك جيمس الأول. (ar) Free Will Baptists are a group of General Baptist denominations of Christianity that teach free grace, free salvation and free will. The movement can be traced back to the 1600s with the development of General Baptism in England. Its formal establishment is widely linked to the English theologian, Thomas Helwys who led the Baptist movement to believe in general atonement. He was an advocate of religious liberty at a time when to hold to such views could be dangerous and punishable by death. He died in prison as a consequence of the religious persecution of Protestant dissenters under King James I. (en) Les baptistes libres ou baptistes du libre arbitre (en anglais, Free Will Baptists ou FWB) sont un mouvement baptiste qui croit en la grâce gratuite, au salut gratuit et au libre arbitre. Le mouvement remonte aux années 1600 avec le développement du baptisme général en Angleterre. Son établissement formel est largement lié au théologien anglais Thomas Helwys, qui amena le mouvement baptiste à croire en l'expiation générale ou illimitée. Il fut un avocat de la liberté religieuse à une époque où s'en tenir à de telles vues pouvait être dangereux et passible de la peine de mort. Il mourut en prison à la suite de la persécution religieuse des dissidents anglais sous le roi Jacques Ier. (fr) |
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معمدانية حرية الإرادة (ar) Free Will Baptist (en) Baptistes libres (fr) フリーウィル・バプテスト (ja) |
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