Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 (original) (raw)

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The Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 (日米紳士協約, Nichibei Shinshi Kyōyaku) was an informal agreement between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan whereby Japan would not allow further emigration to the United States and the United States would not impose restrictions on Japanese immigrants already present in the country. The goal was to reduce tensions between the two Pacific nations such as those that followed the Pacific Coast race riots of 1907 and the segregation of Japanese students in public schools. The agreement was not a treaty and so was not voted on by the United States Congress. It was superseded by the Immigration Act of 1924.

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dbo:abstract The Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 (日米紳士協約, Nichibei Shinshi Kyōyaku) was an informal agreement between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan whereby Japan would not allow further emigration to the United States and the United States would not impose restrictions on Japanese immigrants already present in the country. The goal was to reduce tensions between the two Pacific nations such as those that followed the Pacific Coast race riots of 1907 and the segregation of Japanese students in public schools. The agreement was not a treaty and so was not voted on by the United States Congress. It was superseded by the Immigration Act of 1924. (en) El Acuerdo de caballeros de 1907 (en inglés: Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907; y en japonés: 日米紳士協約, [Nichibei Shinshi Kyōyaku]) fue un acuerdo informal entre Estados Unidos y el Imperio del Japón por el cual Estados Unidos dejaba de imponer restricciones a la inmigración japonesa, y Japón restringía la emigración a Estados Unidos. El objetivo era reducir las tensiones entre las dos potencias del Océano Pacífico. El acuerdo nunca fue ratificado por el Congreso, el cual abolió el acuerdo en 1924. Las tensiones habían aumentado en Tokio y San Francisco, y después de la decisiva victoria de Japón infligida a Rusia Japón demandó un trato de igual. El resultado fue una serie de 6 comunicados entre Japón y Estados Unidos desde finales de 1907 hasta los principios de 1908. La causa inmediata del acuerdo fue el sentimiento antijaponés que empezaba a aflorar en California. En 1906, el Consejo de Educación de California impuso una normativa por la cual los niños de ascendencia japonesa debían recibir clases en colegios distintos, lo que suponía una segregación racial. Por aquel tiempo los inmigrantes japoneses suponían el 1% de la población de California; muchos de ellos además habían venido bajo el tratado de 1894 que aseguraba la libre inmigración proveniente de Japón.​ En el acuerdo, Japón accedió a no tramitar más pasaportes para ciudadanos japoneses que quisieran trabajar en los Estados Unidos continentales, lo cual consiguió eliminar efectivamente cualquier nueva inmigración japonesa a América. A cambio, Estados Unidos acordó aceptar la presencia de inmigrantes que ya vivieran en el suelo estadounidense, permitir la inmigración de las esposas, hijos y padres de estos y evitar la discriminación legal contra los niños japoneses en las escuelas de California. Además el gobierno japonés mostró un fuerte interés "por preservar la imagen del pueblo japonés en los ojos del mundo". El gobierno nipón no quería un enfrentamiento con Washington como ya había ocurrido con China, que unos años antes había visto vetada la inmigración a Norteamérica. (es) L'accord nippo-américain de 1907 (日米紳士協約, Nichibei Shinshi Kyōyaku), appelé en anglais Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907, est un accord informel conclu entre les États-Unis et l'Empire du Japon par lequel les États-Unis n'imposeront pas de restrictions à l'immigration japonaise, en échange de quoi le Japon n'autoriserait plus l'émigration vers les États-Unis. L'objectif est de réduire les tensions entre les deux nations du Pacifique telles que celles ayant suivi les (en) et la ségrégation des étudiants japonais dans les écoles publiques. L'accord n'est pas un traité et n'a donc pas été voté par le Congrès des États-Unis. Il est remplacé par la loi d'immigration Johnson-Reed de 1924. (fr) Un accordo informale tra Giappone e Stati Uniti d'America (in inglese: Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907; in giapponese 米紳士協約 Nichibei shinshikyōyaku?) venne raggiunto il 15 febbraio 1907 allo scopo di ridurre l'emigrazione giapponese negli USA e scongiurare la segregazione razziale dei nippo-americani del paese. L'accordo, il cui obiettivo era anche allentare le tensioni tra le due superpotenze del Pacifico, non fu mai ratificato dal Congresso statunitense e terminò con l'entrata in vigore della . (it) Джентльме́нское соглаше́ние 1907 го́да — соглашение между Японией и США о том, что Япония пресекает эмиграцию в континентальные Соединённые Штаты, за исключением особо оговорённых случаев, а США отменяют сегрегационные меры против уже поселившихся на их территории выходцев из Японии и позволяют им воссоединение с семьями. (ru) 紳士協約（日语：日米紳士協約），是1907年美國與大日本帝國間的非正式協定。通過美方不限制日本移民，日方不再允許日本國民移民美國，進而達成其目的：紓緩二個太平洋國家間的緊張關係。此協約直至1924年都未通過美國參議院批淮，並以美國1924年移民法案取代。 (zh)
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dbp:context To reduce tensions between the two powerful Pacific nations (en)
dbp:date August 2016 (en)
dbp:dateEffective 1907 (xsd:integer)
dbp:dateExpiry 1924 (xsd:integer)
dbp:dateSigned 1907-02-15 (xsd:date)
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dbp:name Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 (en)
dbp:parties * * (en)
dbp:type Informal agreement (en)
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rdfs:comment The Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 (日米紳士協約, Nichibei Shinshi Kyōyaku) was an informal agreement between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan whereby Japan would not allow further emigration to the United States and the United States would not impose restrictions on Japanese immigrants already present in the country. The goal was to reduce tensions between the two Pacific nations such as those that followed the Pacific Coast race riots of 1907 and the segregation of Japanese students in public schools. The agreement was not a treaty and so was not voted on by the United States Congress. It was superseded by the Immigration Act of 1924. (en) L'accord nippo-américain de 1907 (日米紳士協約, Nichibei Shinshi Kyōyaku), appelé en anglais Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907, est un accord informel conclu entre les États-Unis et l'Empire du Japon par lequel les États-Unis n'imposeront pas de restrictions à l'immigration japonaise, en échange de quoi le Japon n'autoriserait plus l'émigration vers les États-Unis. L'objectif est de réduire les tensions entre les deux nations du Pacifique telles que celles ayant suivi les (en) et la ségrégation des étudiants japonais dans les écoles publiques. L'accord n'est pas un traité et n'a donc pas été voté par le Congrès des États-Unis. Il est remplacé par la loi d'immigration Johnson-Reed de 1924. (fr) Un accordo informale tra Giappone e Stati Uniti d'America (in inglese: Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907; in giapponese 米紳士協約 Nichibei shinshikyōyaku?) venne raggiunto il 15 febbraio 1907 allo scopo di ridurre l'emigrazione giapponese negli USA e scongiurare la segregazione razziale dei nippo-americani del paese. L'accordo, il cui obiettivo era anche allentare le tensioni tra le due superpotenze del Pacifico, non fu mai ratificato dal Congresso statunitense e terminò con l'entrata in vigore della . (it) Джентльме́нское соглаше́ние 1907 го́да — соглашение между Японией и США о том, что Япония пресекает эмиграцию в континентальные Соединённые Штаты, за исключением особо оговорённых случаев, а США отменяют сегрегационные меры против уже поселившихся на их территории выходцев из Японии и позволяют им воссоединение с семьями. (ru) 紳士協約（日语：日米紳士協約），是1907年美國與大日本帝國間的非正式協定。通過美方不限制日本移民，日方不再允許日本國民移民美國，進而達成其目的：紓緩二個太平洋國家間的緊張關係。此協約直至1924年都未通過美國參議院批淮，並以美國1924年移民法案取代。 (zh) El Acuerdo de caballeros de 1907 (en inglés: Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907; y en japonés: 日米紳士協約, [Nichibei Shinshi Kyōyaku]) fue un acuerdo informal entre Estados Unidos y el Imperio del Japón por el cual Estados Unidos dejaba de imponer restricciones a la inmigración japonesa, y Japón restringía la emigración a Estados Unidos. El objetivo era reducir las tensiones entre las dos potencias del Océano Pacífico. El acuerdo nunca fue ratificado por el Congreso, el cual abolió el acuerdo en 1924. (es)
rdfs:label Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 (en) Acuerdo de caballeros de 1907 (es) Accord nippo-américain de 1907 (fr) Accordo informale tra Giappone e Stati Uniti d'America (it) 日米紳士協約 (ja) Джентльменское соглашение 1907 года (ru) 紳士協約 (zh)
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