Graham Sutherland (original) (raw)
Graham Vivian Sutherland (* 24. August 1903 in Streatham, London; † 17. Februar 1980 ebenda) war ein britischer Maler. Er hat zahlreiche expressionistische Gemälde gefertigt. Seine Malerei zeichnete sich durch abstrakt-surrealistische Elemente aus. Später wurde er als Porträt-Maler bekannt.
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| dbo:abstract | (Londres 1903 - 1980). Pintor, artista gràfic i dissenyador anglès. Abandonà els seus estudis d'enginyer ferroviari per estudiar gravat i aiguafort entre 1920 i 1925, i fins a 1930 treballà exclusivament coma a artsita gràfic. Els seus gravats d'aquesta època es troben en la tradició romàntica i visionària de Samuel Palmer. Al començament dels anys trenta començà a experimentar amb l'oli, i cap al 1935 ja es dedicava sobretot a la pintura. Els seus quadres dels anys trenta mostren una resposta profundament subjectiva a la natura, inspirada sobretot per les seves visites a Pembrokeshire. Tenia una vívida capacitat per la metàfora visual, i els seus paisatges no són escènics, sinó sèries semiabstractes de formes obsessives i monstruoses. Durant els anys de la Segona Guerra Mundial li van encarregar, com a artista de guerra, que reproduís els efectes dels bombardeigs, i la seva obra madurà en haver d'enfrontar-se amb el problema de trobar un equivalent visual a la devastació i la destrucció de les coses fetes per l'home. En referir-se als quadres d'edificis destruïts i en ruïnes de Sutherland, el crític va escriure que "tenen un patetisme enèrgic i crucificat que dona a la guerra un significat nou".Poc després de la guerra es dedicà a la pintura religiosa i al retrat. Va ser sobretot en aquests dos gèneres que es va distingir en la seva carrera posterior. El té una qualitat gairebé de caricatura, i el retrat més famós que va fer, el de Winston Churchill (1954), va ser tan odiat pel seu model, que Lady Churchill(1885 - 1979) el va destruir.L'obra més cèlebre de Sutherland, tanmateix, ha esdevingut enormement popular, i és l'immens (acabat el 1962) de la catedral de Coventry. Sutherland continuà pintant paisatges -el seu primer gènere preferit- i a partir del 1947 visqué cada any part del temps a la Costa Blava. A més de pintures i art gràfic, formaven part de la seva obra ceràmiques, cartells i indumentària i escenaris teatrals. (ca) Graham Vivian Sutherland (* 24. August 1903 in Streatham, London; † 17. Februar 1980 ebenda) war ein britischer Maler. Er hat zahlreiche expressionistische Gemälde gefertigt. Seine Malerei zeichnete sich durch abstrakt-surrealistische Elemente aus. Später wurde er als Porträt-Maler bekannt. (de) Graham Vivien Sutherland (Londres, Ingalaterra, 1903ko abuztuaren 24a - 1980ko otsailaren 17a) britainiar pintorea eta grabatzailea izan zen. (eu) Graham Vivian Sutherland OM (24 August 1903 – 17 February 1980) was a prolific English artist. Notable for his paintings of abstract landscapes and for his portraits of public figures, Sutherland also worked in other media, including printmaking, tapestry and glass design. Printmaking, mostly of romantic landscapes, dominated Sutherland's work during the 1920s. He developed his art by working in watercolours before switching to using oil paints in the 1940s. A series of surreal oil painting depicting the Pembrokeshire landscape secured his reputation as a leading British modern artist. He served as an official war artist in the Second World War, painting industrial scenes on the British home front. After the war, Sutherland embraced figurative painting, beginning with his 1946 work, The Crucifixion. Subsequent paintings combined religious symbolism with motifs from nature, such as thorns. Such was Sutherland's standing in post-war Britain that he was commissioned to design the massive central tapestry for the new Coventry Cathedral, Christ in Glory in the Tetramorph. A number of portrait commissions in the 1950s proved highly controversial. Winston Churchill hated Sutherland's depiction of him and subsequently Lady Spencer-Churchill had the painting destroyed. During his career, Sutherland taught at a number of art colleges, notably at Chelsea School of Art and at Goldsmiths College, where he had been a student. In 1955, Sutherland and his wife purchased a property near Nice. Living abroad led to something of a decline in his status in Britain. However, a visit to Pembrokeshire in 1967, his first trip there in nearly twenty years, led to a creative renewal that went some way toward restoring his reputation as a leading British artist. (en) Graham Vivian Sutherland est un peintre britannique né le 24 août 1903 à Streatham (Londres) et mort le 17 février 1980 à Londres. Depuis les années 1950, Sutherland est considéré comme l'un des principaux maîtres de la peinture anglaise moderne. (fr) Graham Vivian Sutherland (Londres, 24 de agosto de 1903 – íd., 17 de febrero de 1980) fue un artista británico. Nació en Streatham, Londres. Estudió en , Surrey y en el de la Universidad de Londres, desde 1921 hasta 1926. En 1927 se casó con Kathleen Barry. No empezó a pintar en serio hasta que tenía treinta y tantos años, después de la caída del mercado del grabado, al que se había dedicado. Sus obras son principalmente paisajes, que muestran una afinidad con la obra de Paul Nash. Sutherland se centra en la inherente extrañeza de las formas naturales, y abstraerlas, a veces dando a su obra una apariencia surrealista; en 1936 expuso en la de Londres. Desde 1940 Sutherland fue contratado como artista oficial en la Segunda Guerra Mundial como parte del proyecto de . Trabajó en el frente doméstico, representando las minas, la industria, y los daños de los bombardeos. Se convirtió al catolicismo en 1926 y, desde alrededor de 1950 hasta su muerte, estuvo profundamente implicado en la religión. Después de la guerra produjo varias obras religiosas, incluyendo una Crucifixión (1946) para la iglesia de san Mateo, Northampton y el tapiz Cristo en la gloria (1962) para la catedral de Coventry. También siguió produciendo obras basadas en formas naturales, y consiguió fundir parte de ellas -como por ejemplo las espinas- en su obra religiosa. Desde 1947 hasta los años 1960 su obra se inspiró en el sur de Francia, y adquirió una villa en Menton en 1955. Sutherland también pintó una serie de retratos, siendo el primero y uno de los más famosos, el que hizo de Somerset Maugham (1949). Su cuadro de Winston Churchill (1954) fue destruido por orden de Lady Churchill; han sobrevivido estudios para este retrato. (es) Graham Vivian Sutherland (lahir, 24 Agustus 1903 di London, Inggris - meninggal, 17 Februari 1980 di London) adalah serorang pelukis dari Inggris yang terkenal karena lanskap surealistiknya. Sutherland menempuh pendidikannya di dan belajar seni di , London (1921-1925), yang mengkhususkan dalam ukiran. Dia sangat menekankan fokusnya pada seni grafis. Sutherland juga merupakan seorang guru ukir mata pelajaran lanskap dalam tradisi Samuel Palmer di Chelsea School of Art pada tahun 1926 sampai 1940. Pada 1935-1936, Sutherland menemukan dirinya sebagai pelukis, Goresan dan pahatannya dipengaruhi oleh pelukis Romantis Samuel Palmer dan lanskap Pembrokeshire, akan tetapi Ia juga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa pelukis seperti William Blake, Paul Nash, Henry Moore, dan Pablo Picasso. Ini juga periode ketika pada saat itu surealisme membuat dampak besar di Inggris. Kerja awalnya pada saat itu ditandai dengan representationlism yang mulai berkembang menjadi Surealisme. Ia menggabungkan unsur-unsur surealis dengan tradisi lanskap romantis. Objeknya seperti akar pohon yang tumbang, rakasa (seperti menggambarkan karakter misterius) dengan menggunakan warna yang realistis. Pada tahun 1936, Lukisan dari Ia mewakili London untuk dipamerkan pada saat pameran Internasional surealis yang kebetulan berada ditempatnya tinggal yaitu di London. Pada tahun 1940 sampai 1945 Ia menjadi seniman dengan lukisan bertema perang-perang resmi, dan lukisannya dari periode itu memberikan catatan faktual dan menggugah kesedihan. (in) Graham Vivian Sutherland (Londra, 24 agosto 1903 – Mentone, 17 febbraio 1980) è stato un pittore britannico. (it) 그레이엄 서덜랜드(Graham Vivian Sutherland, 1903년 8월 24일 ~ 1980년 2월 17일)는 잉글랜드의 화가, 판화가이다. 런던 출신이며 그는 처음 에칭으로 명성을 얻어 주로 풍경과 여러 삽화를 환상적인 표현으로 그렸다. 그의 화풍은 윌리엄 블레이크 일파의 영향을 찾을 수 있다. 이어서 그는 쉬르레알리슴의 영향을 받아 1930년대부터 전쟁 중에 걸쳐 구아슈 및 수채로써 대단히 특이한 풍경화의 연작(連作)을 만들었다. 그것을 구태여 예증(例證)한다면 칸딘스키의 1910년대의 콤퍼지션에 유사한 것인데, 서덜랜드 자신은 그것을 '패러프레이즈의 수법'이라 불렀다. 당시 그는 '나는 마음에서 느끼는 것을 눈으로 보는 것으로 패러프레이즈하여 표현할 수 있다고 생각한다'라고 말하였다. 제2차 세계대전 말기 그는 더욱더 새로운 수법을 개척하였다. 그것은 사람의 마음을 찌르는 강렬한 색채와 예각적(銳角的)인 포름에 의한 표현이며, 1945년 그는 이 새로운 수법을 구사하여 노잔프톤의 성(聖) 마다이 교회의 <그리스도 책형도>를 그렸다. 이것이 때때로 독일 16세기 화가인 그뤼네발트의 <이젠하임 제단화(祭壇畵)>에 비견할 만하다는 평을 받는 그의 대표작이다. 전후에 그는 정기적으로 지중해에 여행하였고 그 곳에서 그는 환상의 원천이 되는 갖가지 대상을 발견하였다. 이국적인 식민지와 토속(土俗), 이들의 대상을 그는 독특하게 패러프레이즈하여 기호화(記號化)해 버린다. 그는 영국의 대표적인 시인 워즈워스와 홉킨스, 그리고 하디와 같은 내면의 눈을 가진 예술가인 동시에 1930년대에 환상적인 풍경화와 전쟁화를 그린 그 나라의 화가 폴 내시(1889∼1946)와 더불어 새로운 실재 파악의 길을 개척한 화가로서 그들의 영향은 크다. 또한 서덜랜드에게는 초상화의 작품도 많아서 <서머싯 몸상(像)>과 <윈스턴 처칠상>도 유명하다. 이 문서에는 다음커뮤니케이션(현 카카오)에서 GFDL 또는 CC-SA 라이선스로 배포한 글로벌 세계대백과사전의 "서덜랜드" 항목을 기초로 작성된 글이 포함되어 있습니다. (ko) Грэхем (Грэм) Вивиан Сазерленд (англ. Graham Vivian Sutherland, род. 24 августа 1903 года, Стретем, Лондон — ум. 17 февраля 1980 года, Лондон) — английский художник, работавший в областях экспрессионистской, абстрактной и сюрреалистической живописи. Известен также как художник-портретист. (ru) Graham Vivian Sutherland, född 24 augusti 1903 i , London, död 17 februari 1980 i Kent, England, var en engelsk målare och grafiker. (sv) Graham Sutherland (24 de agosto de 1903 – 17 de fevereiro de 1980) foi um artista inglês, notável por seu trabalho em vidro, tecidos, gravuras e retratos. Seu trabalho foi muito inspirado pela paisagem e religião. Em 1954 pintou um retrato do primeiro-ministro inglês, Winston Churchill, que atualmente se encontra perdido. A 27 de abril de 1993, foi agraciado, a título póstumo, com a Medalha da Ordem do Mérito, de Portugal. (pt) Грегем (Грем) Вівіан Сазерленд (англ. Graham Vivian Sutherland; 24 серпня 1903, , Лондон — 17 лютого 1980, Лондон) — англійський художник, який працював у експресіоністській, абстрактній та сюрреалістичній царинах живопису. Відомий також як художник-портретист. (uk) |
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| rdfs:comment | Graham Vivian Sutherland (* 24. August 1903 in Streatham, London; † 17. Februar 1980 ebenda) war ein britischer Maler. Er hat zahlreiche expressionistische Gemälde gefertigt. Seine Malerei zeichnete sich durch abstrakt-surrealistische Elemente aus. Später wurde er als Porträt-Maler bekannt. (de) Graham Vivien Sutherland (Londres, Ingalaterra, 1903ko abuztuaren 24a - 1980ko otsailaren 17a) britainiar pintorea eta grabatzailea izan zen. (eu) Graham Vivian Sutherland est un peintre britannique né le 24 août 1903 à Streatham (Londres) et mort le 17 février 1980 à Londres. Depuis les années 1950, Sutherland est considéré comme l'un des principaux maîtres de la peinture anglaise moderne. (fr) Graham Vivian Sutherland (Londra, 24 agosto 1903 – Mentone, 17 febbraio 1980) è stato un pittore britannico. (it) Грэхем (Грэм) Вивиан Сазерленд (англ. Graham Vivian Sutherland, род. 24 августа 1903 года, Стретем, Лондон — ум. 17 февраля 1980 года, Лондон) — английский художник, работавший в областях экспрессионистской, абстрактной и сюрреалистической живописи. Известен также как художник-портретист. (ru) Graham Vivian Sutherland, född 24 augusti 1903 i , London, död 17 februari 1980 i Kent, England, var en engelsk målare och grafiker. (sv) Graham Sutherland (24 de agosto de 1903 – 17 de fevereiro de 1980) foi um artista inglês, notável por seu trabalho em vidro, tecidos, gravuras e retratos. Seu trabalho foi muito inspirado pela paisagem e religião. Em 1954 pintou um retrato do primeiro-ministro inglês, Winston Churchill, que atualmente se encontra perdido. A 27 de abril de 1993, foi agraciado, a título póstumo, com a Medalha da Ordem do Mérito, de Portugal. (pt) Грегем (Грем) Вівіан Сазерленд (англ. Graham Vivian Sutherland; 24 серпня 1903, , Лондон — 17 лютого 1980, Лондон) — англійський художник, який працював у експресіоністській, абстрактній та сюрреалістичній царинах живопису. Відомий також як художник-портретист. (uk) (Londres 1903 - 1980). Pintor, artista gràfic i dissenyador anglès. Abandonà els seus estudis d'enginyer ferroviari per estudiar gravat i aiguafort entre 1920 i 1925, i fins a 1930 treballà exclusivament coma a artsita gràfic. Els seus gravats d'aquesta època es troben en la tradició romàntica i visionària de Samuel Palmer. Al començament dels anys trenta començà a experimentar amb l'oli, i cap al 1935 ja es dedicava sobretot a la pintura. Els seus quadres dels anys trenta mostren una resposta profundament subjectiva a la natura, inspirada sobretot per les seves visites a Pembrokeshire. Tenia una vívida capacitat per la metàfora visual, i els seus paisatges no són escènics, sinó sèries semiabstractes de formes obsessives i monstruoses. Durant els anys de la Segona Guerra Mundial li van enc (ca) Graham Vivian Sutherland (Londres, 24 de agosto de 1903 – íd., 17 de febrero de 1980) fue un artista británico. Nació en Streatham, Londres. Estudió en , Surrey y en el de la Universidad de Londres, desde 1921 hasta 1926. En 1927 se casó con Kathleen Barry. Desde 1940 Sutherland fue contratado como artista oficial en la Segunda Guerra Mundial como parte del proyecto de . Trabajó en el frente doméstico, representando las minas, la industria, y los daños de los bombardeos. (es) Graham Vivian Sutherland OM (24 August 1903 – 17 February 1980) was a prolific English artist. Notable for his paintings of abstract landscapes and for his portraits of public figures, Sutherland also worked in other media, including printmaking, tapestry and glass design. (en) Graham Vivian Sutherland (lahir, 24 Agustus 1903 di London, Inggris - meninggal, 17 Februari 1980 di London) adalah serorang pelukis dari Inggris yang terkenal karena lanskap surealistiknya. Sutherland menempuh pendidikannya di dan belajar seni di , London (1921-1925), yang mengkhususkan dalam ukiran. Dia sangat menekankan fokusnya pada seni grafis. Sutherland juga merupakan seorang guru ukir mata pelajaran lanskap dalam tradisi Samuel Palmer di Chelsea School of Art pada tahun 1926 sampai 1940. Pada 1935-1936, Sutherland menemukan dirinya sebagai pelukis, Goresan dan pahatannya dipengaruhi oleh pelukis Romantis Samuel Palmer dan lanskap Pembrokeshire, akan tetapi Ia juga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa pelukis seperti William Blake, Paul Nash, Henry Moore, dan Pablo Picasso. Ini juga periode k (in) 그레이엄 서덜랜드(Graham Vivian Sutherland, 1903년 8월 24일 ~ 1980년 2월 17일)는 잉글랜드의 화가, 판화가이다. 런던 출신이며 그는 처음 에칭으로 명성을 얻어 주로 풍경과 여러 삽화를 환상적인 표현으로 그렸다. 그의 화풍은 윌리엄 블레이크 일파의 영향을 찾을 수 있다. 이어서 그는 쉬르레알리슴의 영향을 받아 1930년대부터 전쟁 중에 걸쳐 구아슈 및 수채로써 대단히 특이한 풍경화의 연작(連作)을 만들었다. 그것을 구태여 예증(例證)한다면 칸딘스키의 1910년대의 콤퍼지션에 유사한 것인데, 서덜랜드 자신은 그것을 '패러프레이즈의 수법'이라 불렀다. 당시 그는 '나는 마음에서 느끼는 것을 눈으로 보는 것으로 패러프레이즈하여 표현할 수 있다고 생각한다'라고 말하였다. 이 문서에는 다음커뮤니케이션(현 카카오)에서 GFDL 또는 CC-SA 라이선스로 배포한 글로벌 세계대백과사전의 "서덜랜드" 항목을 기초로 작성된 글이 포함되어 있습니다. (ko) |
| rdfs:label | Graham Sutherland (ca) Graham Sutherland (en) Graham Sutherland (de) Graham Sutherland (es) Graham Sutherland (eu) Graham Vivian Sutherland (in) Graham Vivian Sutherland (it) Graham Sutherland (fr) 그레이엄 서덜랜드 (ko) Graham Sutherland (pt) Сазерленд, Грэхем Вивиан (ru) Graham Sutherland (sv) Грегем Вівіан Сазерленд (uk) |
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