Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act (original) (raw)

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Закон о финансовой модернизации, называемый также по фамилиям его инициаторов Законом Грэмма — Лича — Блайли (Gramm — Leach — Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act) — акт, принятый Конгрессом США 4 ноября 1999 года и подписанный Президентом США 12 ноября того же года. Внесение законопроекта и его принятие произошло в течение работы одной сессии Конгресса, что в практике Конгресса встречается довольно редко, при голосовании в Сенате «за» проголосовали 80 сенаторов из 100, «против» — всего 8.

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dbo:abstract The Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act (GLBA), also known as the Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, (Pub.L. 106–102 (text) (PDF), 113 Stat. 1338, enacted November 12, 1999) is an act of the 106th United States Congress (1999–2001). It repealed part of the Glass–Steagall Act of 1933, removing barriers in the market among banking companies, securities companies, and insurance companies that prohibited any one institution from acting as any combination of an investment bank, a commercial bank, and an insurance company. With the passage of the Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act, commercial banks, investment banks, securities firms, and insurance companies were allowed to consolidate. Furthermore, it failed to give to the SEC or any other financial regulatory agency the authority to regulate large investment bank holding companies. The legislation was signed into law by President Bill Clinton. A year before the law was passed, Citicorp, a commercial bank holding company, merged with the insurance company Travelers Group in 1998 to form the conglomerate Citigroup, a corporation combining banking, securities and insurance services under a house of brands that included Citibank, Smith Barney, Primerica, and Travelers. Because this merger was a violation of the Glass–Steagall Act and the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, the Federal Reserve gave Citigroup a temporary waiver in September 1998. Less than a year later, GLBA was passed to legalize these types of mergers on a permanent basis. The law also repealed Glass–Steagall's conflict of interest prohibitions "against simultaneous service by any officer, director, or employee of a securities firm as an officer, director, or employee of any member bank". (en) Le Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act Financial Services Modernization Act de 1999 (aussi appelé Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act ou GLB) est une loi américaine votée par le Congrès, dominé par une majorité républicaine, et promulguée par l'administration Clinton le 12 novembre 1999. Elle met en place des services de banques universelles, c'est-à-dire qui assurent aussi bien les services d'une banque de dépôt que d'une banque d'investissement et qu'une compagnie d'assurance. Le vote de cette loi est l'objet d'un intense lobby des banques pour permettre la fusion de Citibank avec la compagnie d'assurances Travelers Group, afin de former le conglomérat Citigroup, l'un des plus importants groupes de services financiers au monde. Tirant un trait sur les leçons issues de la crise de 1929, le Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act sera accusé d'avoir considérablement accentué les effets de la crise financière mondiale débutant en 2007. (fr) Il Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA), anche conosciuto come Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, è una legge statunitense che ha abrogato le disposizioni del Glass-Steagall Act del 1933 che prevedevano la separazione tra attività bancaria tradizionale e investment banking, senza alterare le disposizioni che riguardavano la Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Phil Gramm (R, Texas), (R, Iowa) e (R, Virginia), promotori della Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act. La legge fu proposta al Senato da Phil Gramm e alla Camera Jim Leach e Thomas J. Bliley, Jr. Venne firmata dal presidente Bill Clinton il12 novembre 1999 (it) グラム・リーチ・ブライリー法(Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act(GLB、GLBA)、1999年金融サービス近代化法(Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999))は、1999年11月12日に制定されたアメリカ合衆国の連邦法である。商業銀行業務や投資銀行業務、保険業務の兼業を禁止するために1933年に制定されたグラス・スティーガル法の一部を無効にするための法律で、第106連邦議会にて成立した。 グラム・リーチ・ブライリー法では商業銀行、投資銀行、証券会社、保険会社それぞれの間での統合が許可された。例えば、シティコープ(商業銀行持株会社)はシティグループを形成させるために1998年に保険会社のトラベラーズ・グループと合併した。そしてシティバンク、、とトラベラーズを含んだブランドの下で銀行、証券、保険業務を統合した。本来なら、1993年に発表され、1994年に決定したこの合併は証券、保険と銀行業務を兼務することによってグラス・スティーガル法と1956年銀行持株会社法に違反していたことになる。この法律は、これらの合併を合法化するために制定されたものである。 また、グラム・リーチ・ブライリー法はグラス・スティーガル法の「どんな会員銀行の役員、取締役または従業員でも、証券会社のどんな役員でも、責任者または従業員による同時サービスに反対する」利害対立禁止令も廃止した。 (ja) Закон о финансовой модернизации, называемый также по фамилиям его инициаторов Законом Грэмма — Лича — Блайли (Gramm — Leach — Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act) — акт, принятый Конгрессом США 4 ноября 1999 года и подписанный Президентом США 12 ноября того же года. Внесение законопроекта и его принятие произошло в течение работы одной сессии Конгресса, что в практике Конгресса встречается довольно редко, при голосовании в Сенате «за» проголосовали 80 сенаторов из 100, «против» — всего 8. (ru) 《金融服务法现代化法案》(Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999),规定金融机构确保客户数据安全保密,规定数据必须保存在隐蔽的媒介中,必须采取特定的安全措施来保护数据及传输安全。 随着的发展和扩张,1933年的《格拉斯-斯蒂格尔法案》已经成为发展的障碍。商业银行不满足于低利润的银行零售业,开始向投资银行渗透,很多商业银行都有变相的投资银行部门。1999年,由克林顿政府提交监管改革绿皮书(Green Book),并经美国国会通过,形成了《金融服务现代化法案》(Financial Services Modernization Act) ,亦称《格雷姆-里奇-比利雷法案》 (Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act)。 《金融服务现代化法案》废除了1933年制定的《格拉斯-斯蒂格尔法案》有关条款,从法律上消除了银行、证券、保险机构在业务范围上的边界,结束了美国长达66年之久的金融分业经营的历史。其结果是商业银行开始同时大规模从事投资银行的活动,如花旗集团(Citigroup)和摩根大通(JP Morgan)。 (zh)
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dbp:longtitle An Act to enhance competition in the financial services industry by providing a prudential framework for the affiliation of banks, securities firms, and other financial service providers, and for other purposes. (en)
dbp:nickname glibba, ATM Fee Reform Act of 1999 (en)
dbp:othershorttitles (en) Program for Investment in Microentrepreneurs Act of 1999 (en) Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999 (en) Prime Act (en) Federal Home Loan Bank System Modernization Act of 1999 (en)
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dbp:shorttitle Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act (en)
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rdfs:comment Закон о финансовой модернизации, называемый также по фамилиям его инициаторов Законом Грэмма — Лича — Блайли (Gramm — Leach — Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act) — акт, принятый Конгрессом США 4 ноября 1999 года и подписанный Президентом США 12 ноября того же года. Внесение законопроекта и его принятие произошло в течение работы одной сессии Конгресса, что в практике Конгресса встречается довольно редко, при голосовании в Сенате «за» проголосовали 80 сенаторов из 100, «против» — всего 8. (ru) 《金融服务法现代化法案》(Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999),规定金融机构确保客户数据安全保密,规定数据必须保存在隐蔽的媒介中,必须采取特定的安全措施来保护数据及传输安全。 随着的发展和扩张,1933年的《格拉斯-斯蒂格尔法案》已经成为发展的障碍。商业银行不满足于低利润的银行零售业,开始向投资银行渗透,很多商业银行都有变相的投资银行部门。1999年,由克林顿政府提交监管改革绿皮书(Green Book),并经美国国会通过,形成了《金融服务现代化法案》(Financial Services Modernization Act) ,亦称《格雷姆-里奇-比利雷法案》 (Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act)。 《金融服务现代化法案》废除了1933年制定的《格拉斯-斯蒂格尔法案》有关条款,从法律上消除了银行、证券、保险机构在业务范围上的边界,结束了美国长达66年之久的金融分业经营的历史。其结果是商业银行开始同时大规模从事投资银行的活动,如花旗集团(Citigroup)和摩根大通(JP Morgan)。 (zh) The Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act (GLBA), also known as the Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, (Pub.L. 106–102 (text) (PDF), 113 Stat. 1338, enacted November 12, 1999) is an act of the 106th United States Congress (1999–2001). It repealed part of the Glass–Steagall Act of 1933, removing barriers in the market among banking companies, securities companies, and insurance companies that prohibited any one institution from acting as any combination of an investment bank, a commercial bank, and an insurance company. With the passage of the Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act, commercial banks, investment banks, securities firms, and insurance companies were allowed to consolidate. Furthermore, it failed to give to the SEC or any other financial regulatory agency the authority to regulate large investmen (en) Le Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act Financial Services Modernization Act de 1999 (aussi appelé Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act ou GLB) est une loi américaine votée par le Congrès, dominé par une majorité républicaine, et promulguée par l'administration Clinton le 12 novembre 1999. Tirant un trait sur les leçons issues de la crise de 1929, le Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act sera accusé d'avoir considérablement accentué les effets de la crise financière mondiale débutant en 2007. (fr) Il Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA), anche conosciuto come Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, è una legge statunitense che ha abrogato le disposizioni del Glass-Steagall Act del 1933 che prevedevano la separazione tra attività bancaria tradizionale e investment banking, senza alterare le disposizioni che riguardavano la Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Phil Gramm (R, Texas), (R, Iowa) e (R, Virginia), promotori della Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act. (it) グラム・リーチ・ブライリー法(Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act(GLB、GLBA)、1999年金融サービス近代化法(Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999))は、1999年11月12日に制定されたアメリカ合衆国の連邦法である。商業銀行業務や投資銀行業務、保険業務の兼業を禁止するために1933年に制定されたグラス・スティーガル法の一部を無効にするための法律で、第106連邦議会にて成立した。 グラム・リーチ・ブライリー法では商業銀行、投資銀行、証券会社、保険会社それぞれの間での統合が許可された。例えば、シティコープ(商業銀行持株会社)はシティグループを形成させるために1998年に保険会社のトラベラーズ・グループと合併した。そしてシティバンク、、とトラベラーズを含んだブランドの下で銀行、証券、保険業務を統合した。本来なら、1993年に発表され、1994年に決定したこの合併は証券、保険と銀行業務を兼務することによってグラス・スティーガル法と1956年銀行持株会社法に違反していたことになる。この法律は、これらの合併を合法化するために制定されたものである。 (ja)
rdfs:label Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act (en) Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act Financial Services Modernization Act de 1999 (fr) Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (it) グラム・リーチ・ブライリー法 (ja) Закон Грэмма — Лича — Блайли (ru) 金融服务法现代化法案 (zh)
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