Heinkel He 277 (original) (raw)
Die Heinkel He 277 war ein schwerer Langstreckenbomber der deutschen Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke, der 1942 aus der He 177 entwickelt wurde.
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| dbo:abstract | Die Heinkel He 277 war ein schwerer Langstreckenbomber der deutschen Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke, der 1942 aus der He 177 entwickelt wurde. (de) هينيكل هي 277 عبارة عن تصميم قاذفة ثقيلة طويلة المدى بأربعة محركات كنسخة مشتقة من هاينكل هي 177، مخصصة للإنتاج والاستخدام من قبل لوفتفافه الألمانية خلال الحرب العالمية الثانية. كان الاختلاف الرئيسي في محركاتها. استخدمت هي 177 محركين من «نظام الطاقة» دايملر-بينز دي بي 606، يتألف كل منهما من محركي دايملر-بنز دي بي 601 مدمجين، ويزن كل منهما 1.5 طن. لم يتم إنتاج التصميم أبدًا ولم يتم الانتهاء من نموذج هيكل الطائرة. أدت الحالة المتدهورة لصناعة الطيران الألمانية في وقت متأخر من الحرب والمنافسة من تصميمات القاذفات بعيدة المدى من شركات أخرى، إلى إلغاء التصميم. على الرغم من أنه لم يكن مخصصًا لها في البداية، ويرجع ذلك جزئيًا إلى الإطار الزمني في ربيع عام 1942 الذي طلبت فيه زارة طيران الرايخ (RLM) مكانه النهائي، أصبح تصميم طائرة هي 277 هو مدخل شركة هينيكل في النطاق المهم عبر المحيطات في مسابقة أمريكا بومبر، تكافح للتنافس ضد تصميمات أخرى من الشركات المنافسة في المنافسة على قاذفة قنابل عابرة للمحيطات لسلاح الجو النازي لوفتفافه. (ar) The Heinkel He 277 was a four-engine, long-range heavy bomber design, originating as a derivative of the He 177, intended for production and use by the German Luftwaffe during World War II. The main difference was in its engines. The He 177 used two Daimler-Benz DB 606 "power system" engines, each of which consisted of two combined Daimler-Benz DB 601 engines, each DB 606 weighed 1.5 tons. The He 177A-3 and its successors used two DB 610 "power system" engines, each of which consisted of two combined Daimler-Benz DB 605 engines, each DB 610 weighed 1.5 tons. Due to problems with both the DB 606 and the DB 610, the He 277 was intended to use four unitized BMW 801E 14-cylinder radial engines, each mounted in an individual nacelle and each turning a three-blade, four-meter diameter propeller. The design was never produced and no prototype airframe was completed. The deteriorating condition of the German aviation industry late in the war and the competition from other long-range bomber designs from other firms, led to the design being cancelled. Although not specifically intended for it at first, partially due to the time-frame in the spring of 1942 in which its ultimate niche was requested for by the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM), the He 277 design became Heinkel's entry in the important trans-oceanic range Amerikabomber competition, struggling to compete against other designs from rival firms in the competition for a truly trans-oceanic ranged bomber for the Luftwaffe. (en) Le Heinkel He 277 est un projet de bombardier lourd allemand développé pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, dérivé du Heinkel He 177. (fr) L'Heinkel He 277 era un bombardiere quadrimotore a lungo raggio realizzato dall'azienda tedesca Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke negli anni quaranta. Sviluppato dal He 177 Greif fu un tentativo di ovviare ai problemi di affidabilità nell'impianto motore del precedente modello, abbandonando il doppio motore accoppiato in favore di quattro unità indipendenti, i Daimler-Benz DB 603 12 cilindri a V rovesciata. L'He 277 venne brevemente utilizzato dalla Luftwaffe e la situazione bellica della fase finale della Seconda guerra mondiale impedì la costruzione del modello che comunque riuscì ad essere avviato alla produzione in piccola serie. (it) Heinkel He 277 − ciężki, czterosilnikowy bombowiec niemiecki, będący wersją rozwojową samolotu Heinkel He 177. Wstępne prace nad samolotem podjęto jesienią 1941 r. i kontynuowano potajemnie wbrew zakazowi Göringa. Badań zaniechano latem 1944 r., kiedy to podjęta została decyzja o rozwijaniu wyłącznie projektów myśliwców. Ogółem zbudowano 8 egzemplarzy samolotu He 277, z których zaledwie dwa lub trzy wzbiły się w powietrze. (pl) ハインケルHe 277は4発エンジンを持つ長距離重爆撃機として第二次世界大戦中に設計され、ドイツ空軍によって生産される予定だった、He 177の派生機である。He 177との主な違いとしてエンジン配置があげられる。He 177が出火やオーバーヒートが多発したダイムラー・ベンツDB 606エンジン(ダイムラー・ベンツ DB 601エンジンを2つ連結して作られている)を2つ搭載しているのに比べ、He 277は4つのBMW 801E(14本のシリンダを持つ星形エンジン)の使用を前提として設計された。戦争後期の悪化したドイツ航空産業の状況と航空機製造設備の不足、他社の設計した長距離爆撃機との競作の結果、この機体は量産されることはなかった。 (ja) O Heinkel He 277 foi uma bombardeiro quadrimotor, de longo alcance, criado a partir do Heinkel He 177. Desenvolvido pela Heinkel, estava intencionado para entrar em produção e servir como o bombardeiro pesado que a Luftwaffe nunca conseguiu ter. Dois protótipos chegaram a ser construídos, e um deles voou. A aeronave era promissora e continha uma cabine pressurizada, mostrando ser capaz de assumir o papel de "B-29 alemão". Foi uma das aeronaves que competiu no concurso Amerika Bomber. (pt) Хейнкель He 277 (нем. Heinkel He 277) — немецкий тяжёлый бомбардировщик. (ru) |
| dbo:manufacturer | dbr:Heinkel |
| dbo:predecessor | dbr:Heinkel_He_177 |
| dbo:successor | dbr:Heinkel_He_274 |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Heinkel_He_277_sketch.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:type | dbr:Amerikabomber dbr:Heavy_bomber |
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| dbp:areaAlt | 133.0 |
| dbp:areaMain | 1431.6 |
| dbp:armament | * 2 × 20 mm MG 151/20 autocannon in remotely operated, undernose Fernbedienbare Drehlafette FDL 151Z "chin" turret * 4 × 20 mm MG 151/20 autocannon in twin dorsal turrets, one FDL-type remotely operated forward and one aft Hydraulische Drehlafette HDL 151Z hydraulically powered manned turret * 2 × 20 mm MG 151/20 autocannon in FDL-style remotely operated, ventral turret facing aft, behind bomb bay * 4 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns in Hecklafette HL 131V "quadmount", manned tail turret * up to 3,000 kg of offensive ordnance stores for Amerikabomber trans-Atlantic missions, maximum of 5,600 kg internally for shorter ranges, up to 8,600 km w/maximum bombload. (en) |
| dbp:ceilingAlt | 9,000 m (en) |
| dbp:ceilingMain | 30000.0 |
| dbp:crew | 7 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:cruiseSpeedAlt | 460.0 |
| dbp:cruiseSpeedMain | 286.0 |
| dbp:date | 2017-04-28 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:developedFrom | dbr:Heinkel_He_177 |
| dbp:emptyWeightAlt | 21800.0 |
| dbp:emptyWeightMain | 48060.0 |
| dbp:engine(prop)_ | BMW 801E (en) |
| dbp:heightAlt | 6.05 m (en) |
| dbp:heightMain | 19 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:jetOrProp?_ | prop (en) |
| dbp:lengthAlt | 23.00 m (en) |
| dbp:lengthMain | 2298.7 |
| dbp:lists | * List of German aircraft projects, 1939–45 * List of military aircraft of Germany * List of World War II military aircraft of Germany (en) |
| dbp:loadingAlt | 334.600000 (xsd:double) |
| dbp:loadingMain | 68.600000 (xsd:double) |
| dbp:manufacturer | dbr:Heinkel received RLM airframe number by February 1943 (en) |
| dbp:maxSpeedAlt | 342000.0 |
| dbp:maxSpeedMain | 354 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:maxTakeoffWeightAlt | 44500.0 |
| dbp:maxTakeoffWeightMain | 98105.0 |
| dbp:moreGeneral | maximum of 16,950 litre/4,478 US gallon fuel/fluid-consumables capacity for Amerikabomber mission profile (en) |
| dbp:numberBuilt | none completed, only parts built (en) |
| dbp:numberOfProps | 4 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:planeOrCopter?_ | plane (en) |
| dbp:powerAlt | 1492.0 |
| dbp:powerMain | 1973 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:primaryUser | dbr:Luftwaffe |
| dbp:rangeAlt | 6000.0 |
| dbp:rangeMain | 3728 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:related | * Heinkel He 177 * Heinkel He 274 (en) |
| dbp:seeAlso | * Amerikabomber (en) |
| dbp:similarAircraft | * Boeing B-29 Superfortress * Junkers Ju 488 * Nakajima G10N (en) |
| dbp:spanAlt | 40.00 m (en) |
| dbp:spanMain | 4000.5 |
| dbp:status | cancelled in April 1944 (en) |
| dbp:type | dbr:Amerikabomber dbr:Heavy_bomber |
| dbp:typeOfProp | 14 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:url | https://web.archive.org/web/20170428232120/http:/www.century-of-flight.net/Aviation%20history/photo_albums/timeline/ww2/Heinkel%20He%20277.htm |
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| rdfs:comment | Die Heinkel He 277 war ein schwerer Langstreckenbomber der deutschen Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke, der 1942 aus der He 177 entwickelt wurde. (de) Le Heinkel He 277 est un projet de bombardier lourd allemand développé pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, dérivé du Heinkel He 177. (fr) Heinkel He 277 − ciężki, czterosilnikowy bombowiec niemiecki, będący wersją rozwojową samolotu Heinkel He 177. Wstępne prace nad samolotem podjęto jesienią 1941 r. i kontynuowano potajemnie wbrew zakazowi Göringa. Badań zaniechano latem 1944 r., kiedy to podjęta została decyzja o rozwijaniu wyłącznie projektów myśliwców. Ogółem zbudowano 8 egzemplarzy samolotu He 277, z których zaledwie dwa lub trzy wzbiły się w powietrze. (pl) ハインケルHe 277は4発エンジンを持つ長距離重爆撃機として第二次世界大戦中に設計され、ドイツ空軍によって生産される予定だった、He 177の派生機である。He 177との主な違いとしてエンジン配置があげられる。He 177が出火やオーバーヒートが多発したダイムラー・ベンツDB 606エンジン(ダイムラー・ベンツ DB 601エンジンを2つ連結して作られている)を2つ搭載しているのに比べ、He 277は4つのBMW 801E(14本のシリンダを持つ星形エンジン)の使用を前提として設計された。戦争後期の悪化したドイツ航空産業の状況と航空機製造設備の不足、他社の設計した長距離爆撃機との競作の結果、この機体は量産されることはなかった。 (ja) O Heinkel He 277 foi uma bombardeiro quadrimotor, de longo alcance, criado a partir do Heinkel He 177. Desenvolvido pela Heinkel, estava intencionado para entrar em produção e servir como o bombardeiro pesado que a Luftwaffe nunca conseguiu ter. Dois protótipos chegaram a ser construídos, e um deles voou. A aeronave era promissora e continha uma cabine pressurizada, mostrando ser capaz de assumir o papel de "B-29 alemão". Foi uma das aeronaves que competiu no concurso Amerika Bomber. (pt) Хейнкель He 277 (нем. Heinkel He 277) — немецкий тяжёлый бомбардировщик. (ru) هينيكل هي 277 عبارة عن تصميم قاذفة ثقيلة طويلة المدى بأربعة محركات كنسخة مشتقة من هاينكل هي 177، مخصصة للإنتاج والاستخدام من قبل لوفتفافه الألمانية خلال الحرب العالمية الثانية. كان الاختلاف الرئيسي في محركاتها. استخدمت هي 177 محركين من «نظام الطاقة» دايملر-بينز دي بي 606، يتألف كل منهما من محركي دايملر-بنز دي بي 601 مدمجين، ويزن كل منهما 1.5 طن. (ar) The Heinkel He 277 was a four-engine, long-range heavy bomber design, originating as a derivative of the He 177, intended for production and use by the German Luftwaffe during World War II. The main difference was in its engines. The He 177 used two Daimler-Benz DB 606 "power system" engines, each of which consisted of two combined Daimler-Benz DB 601 engines, each DB 606 weighed 1.5 tons. The He 177A-3 and its successors used two DB 610 "power system" engines, each of which consisted of two combined Daimler-Benz DB 605 engines, each DB 610 weighed 1.5 tons. Due to problems with both the DB 606 and the DB 610, the He 277 was intended to use four unitized BMW 801E 14-cylinder radial engines, each mounted in an individual nacelle and each turning a three-blade, four-meter diameter propeller. (en) L'Heinkel He 277 era un bombardiere quadrimotore a lungo raggio realizzato dall'azienda tedesca Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke negli anni quaranta. Sviluppato dal He 177 Greif fu un tentativo di ovviare ai problemi di affidabilità nell'impianto motore del precedente modello, abbandonando il doppio motore accoppiato in favore di quattro unità indipendenti, i Daimler-Benz DB 603 12 cilindri a V rovesciata. (it) |
| rdfs:label | هاينكل هي 277 (ar) Heinkel He 277 (de) Heinkel He 277 (fr) Heinkel He 277 (it) Heinkel He 277 (en) He 277 (航空機) (ja) Heinkel He 277 (pt) Heinkel He 277 (pl) Heinkel He 277 (ru) |
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