History of Central America (original) (raw)
Následující přehled uvádí základní informace o lidských dějinách v regionu Střední Ameriky (Belize, Guatemala, Salvador, Honduras, Nikaragua, Kostarika, Panama).
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| dbo:abstract | Následující přehled uvádí základní informace o lidských dějinách v regionu Střední Ameriky (Belize, Guatemala, Salvador, Honduras, Nikaragua, Kostarika, Panama). (cs) La Història d'Amèrica Central reuneix els esdeveniments ocorreguts al subcontinent des dels primers assentaments humans al subcontinent. (ca) إن تاريخ أمريكا الوسطى يُعرَّف بأنه دراسة ماضي المنطقة التي تعرف باسم أمريكا الوسطى. (ar) Die Geschichte Mittelamerikas umfasst die Entwicklungen der Region Mittelamerika von der Urgeschichte bis zur Gegenwart. Mittelamerika besteht aus der zentralamerikanischen Landbrücke, den karibischen Inseln und den Vereinigten Mexikanischen Staaten. Einen zeitlichen und geographischen Gesamtüberblick über die Einbettung dieser Epoche in die Menschheitsgeschichte bietet die Zeittafel der Menschheitsgeschichte. (de) Central America is commonly said to include Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. This definition matches modern political borders. Central America begins geographically in Mexico, at the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico's narrowest point, and the former country of Yucatán (1841–1848) was part of Central America. At the other end, before its independence in 1903 Panama was part of South America, as it was a Department of Colombia. At times Belize, a British colony until 1981, where English instead of Spanish is spoken, and where the population is primarily of African origin, has been considered not part of (Spanish-speaking) Central America. Long and narrow, Central America does not have an obvious geographical center. Until the middle of the 20th century there were no roads between the countries, which isolated them from each other, and railroads have never connected them. During colonial times Guatemala was the administrative and religious center; religiously it remains so. However, attempts to create a Central American Political Union, like the European Union, have failed. The countries that joined the EU already had extensive cross-border traffic by train; even today (2021) there is by comparison very little, and none by train. The Central American countries are not seeking to unite, and certainly not with its capital in Guatemala. The countries, furthermore, are more diverse than they appear at first glance. Some (Guatemala) have a large indigenous or Native American population, others (Costa Rica) do not. Some (El Salvador) are focused on their Pacific coast, while in others (Belize, Honduras) the Caribbean or Atlantic coast is more important. Panama and to a lesser extent Guatemala and Costa Rica have both coasts playing a significant role. Some countries have stable governments (Costa Rica), others do not (Nicaragua, El Salvador). Panama is heavily Americanized, uses the US dollar as its currency, has a large industry and source of revenue (the canal), and a sophistication which comes from the ships and people passing through the country and previously the U.S. military installations in the former Canal Zone. (en) La historia de Centroamérica reúne los eventos ocurridos en el subcontinente desde los primeros asentamientos humanos en el subcontinente. (es) Au cours de l'époque précolombienne, les territoires de l'Amérique centrale sont occupés par des sociétés autochtones assurant la transition entre les civilisations mésoaméricaines et celles de l'Amérique du Sud. L'Histoire de l'Amérique centrale prend un certain relief à partir de l'exploration et de la colonisation espagnoles. Articles détaillés : Mésoamérique et Civilisation précolombienne. (fr) 中央アメリカ史（ちゅうおうアメリカし）はオルメカ文明やテオティワカン文明に始まり、現代にいたるまでの中央アメリカ地域の歴史を指す。中央アメリカ（Central America）といった場合、通常はメキシコは含まれないが、地理的、歴史的な連続性からメキシコを含めて中央アメリカ史とする。 * オルメカ文明 * テオティワカン文明 * サポテカ文明 * マヤ文明 * ミシュテカ文明 * アステカ帝国 * タラスカ王国 * (ja) 중앙아메라카의 역사에 대해 설명한다. 크리스토퍼 콜럼버스 이전 시대에 근대 중앙아메리카 대부분 지역은 메소아메리카 문명의 일부였다. 중간아메리카의 아메리카 토착민 사회는 북으로는 멕시코 중앙부로부터 남으로는 코스타리카에 걸친 땅을 차지하였다. 주목할 만한 민족 가운데 메소아메리카 전역에 걸쳐 도시를 지은 마야인과 광대한 제국을 이루었던 아스텍인이 있다. 콜롬비아 이전의 파나마 문화는 중간아메리카와 남아메리카 둘 다와 교류하였고, 그 두 문화 영역 사이에서 과도적이라 여겨질 수 있다. 에스파냐를 위한 크리스토퍼 콜럼버스의 아메리카 탐험 이후 에스파냐에서는 많은 원정 함대를 아메리카로 보내었고, 그들은 1510년대에 아스텍과 마야의 영토를 정복하였다. 1540년, 에스파냐는 남쪽으로는 멕시코에서 코스타리카까지 확장하여, 영국령 온두라스(오늘날의 벨리즈)를 제외한, 따라서 중앙아메리카라고 널리 알려진 지역 대부분을 망라하여 (Captaincy General of Guatemala)을 이루었다. 이것은 1821년에 폭동(멕시코 독립 전쟁에 뒤이어 일어난)이 일어날 때까지 거의 3세기나 이어졌다. 스페인의 지배가 끝난 이후 앞의 도독령(카피타냐 헤네랄)(Capitanía General)은 그대로 중앙아메리카 연방으로 남겨졌고, 그 공화국은 과테말라 시를 수도로 두고 간접 민주제를 채택하였다. 이 연방은 오늘날 과테말라(이전에 로스 알토스 주에 포함되었던), 온두라스, 엘살바도르, 나카라과, 코스타리카(오늘날에는 파나마의 일부인 지역과 니카라과에서 속하는 과나카스테주를 포함한), 그리고 근대 멕시코의 치아파스 주의 일부로 이루어져 있다. 공화국은 1823년부터 내전으로 붕괴하기 시작할 때인 1838년까지 지속하였다. (ko) A História da América Central está intimamente ligada à colonização da Espanha, do século XVI até ao início do século XIX, e as intervenções armadas dos Estados Unidos durante o século XX (as chamadas Guerras das Bananas) que somado aos governos oligárquicos desses países, contribuem em grande parte para a pobreza da região. (pt) История Центральной Америки — история региона, расположенного между Северной и Южной Америками. (ru) Історія Центральної Америки — це дослідження регіону, відомого як Центральна Америка. (uk) 中美洲历史叙述了中美洲地区的历史。 (zh) |
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| rdfs:comment | Následující přehled uvádí základní informace o lidských dějinách v regionu Střední Ameriky (Belize, Guatemala, Salvador, Honduras, Nikaragua, Kostarika, Panama). (cs) La Història d'Amèrica Central reuneix els esdeveniments ocorreguts al subcontinent des dels primers assentaments humans al subcontinent. (ca) إن تاريخ أمريكا الوسطى يُعرَّف بأنه دراسة ماضي المنطقة التي تعرف باسم أمريكا الوسطى. (ar) Die Geschichte Mittelamerikas umfasst die Entwicklungen der Region Mittelamerika von der Urgeschichte bis zur Gegenwart. Mittelamerika besteht aus der zentralamerikanischen Landbrücke, den karibischen Inseln und den Vereinigten Mexikanischen Staaten. Einen zeitlichen und geographischen Gesamtüberblick über die Einbettung dieser Epoche in die Menschheitsgeschichte bietet die Zeittafel der Menschheitsgeschichte. (de) La historia de Centroamérica reúne los eventos ocurridos en el subcontinente desde los primeros asentamientos humanos en el subcontinente. (es) Au cours de l'époque précolombienne, les territoires de l'Amérique centrale sont occupés par des sociétés autochtones assurant la transition entre les civilisations mésoaméricaines et celles de l'Amérique du Sud. L'Histoire de l'Amérique centrale prend un certain relief à partir de l'exploration et de la colonisation espagnoles. Articles détaillés : Mésoamérique et Civilisation précolombienne. (fr) 中央アメリカ史（ちゅうおうアメリカし）はオルメカ文明やテオティワカン文明に始まり、現代にいたるまでの中央アメリカ地域の歴史を指す。中央アメリカ（Central America）といった場合、通常はメキシコは含まれないが、地理的、歴史的な連続性からメキシコを含めて中央アメリカ史とする。 * オルメカ文明 * テオティワカン文明 * サポテカ文明 * マヤ文明 * ミシュテカ文明 * アステカ帝国 * タラスカ王国 * (ja) A História da América Central está intimamente ligada à colonização da Espanha, do século XVI até ao início do século XIX, e as intervenções armadas dos Estados Unidos durante o século XX (as chamadas Guerras das Bananas) que somado aos governos oligárquicos desses países, contribuem em grande parte para a pobreza da região. (pt) История Центральной Америки — история региона, расположенного между Северной и Южной Америками. (ru) Історія Центральної Америки — це дослідження регіону, відомого як Центральна Америка. (uk) 中美洲历史叙述了中美洲地区的历史。 (zh) Central America is commonly said to include Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. This definition matches modern political borders. Central America begins geographically in Mexico, at the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico's narrowest point, and the former country of Yucatán (1841–1848) was part of Central America. At the other end, before its independence in 1903 Panama was part of South America, as it was a Department of Colombia. At times Belize, a British colony until 1981, where English instead of Spanish is spoken, and where the population is primarily of African origin, has been considered not part of (Spanish-speaking) Central America. (en) 중앙아메라카의 역사에 대해 설명한다. 크리스토퍼 콜럼버스 이전 시대에 근대 중앙아메리카 대부분 지역은 메소아메리카 문명의 일부였다. 중간아메리카의 아메리카 토착민 사회는 북으로는 멕시코 중앙부로부터 남으로는 코스타리카에 걸친 땅을 차지하였다. 주목할 만한 민족 가운데 메소아메리카 전역에 걸쳐 도시를 지은 마야인과 광대한 제국을 이루었던 아스텍인이 있다. 콜롬비아 이전의 파나마 문화는 중간아메리카와 남아메리카 둘 다와 교류하였고, 그 두 문화 영역 사이에서 과도적이라 여겨질 수 있다. 에스파냐를 위한 크리스토퍼 콜럼버스의 아메리카 탐험 이후 에스파냐에서는 많은 원정 함대를 아메리카로 보내었고, 그들은 1510년대에 아스텍과 마야의 영토를 정복하였다. 1540년, 에스파냐는 남쪽으로는 멕시코에서 코스타리카까지 확장하여, 영국령 온두라스(오늘날의 벨리즈)를 제외한, 따라서 중앙아메리카라고 널리 알려진 지역 대부분을 망라하여 (Captaincy General of Guatemala)을 이루었다. 이것은 1821년에 폭동(멕시코 독립 전쟁에 뒤이어 일어난)이 일어날 때까지 거의 3세기나 이어졌다. (ko) |
| rdfs:label | History of Central America (en) تاريخ أمريكا الوسطى (ar) Història d'Amèrica Central (ca) Dějiny Střední Ameriky (cs) Geschichte Mittelamerikas (de) Historia de América Central (es) Histoire de l'Amérique centrale (fr) 중앙아메리카의 역사 (ko) 中央アメリカ史 (ja) História da América Central (pt) История Центральной Америки (ru) Історія Центральної Америки (uk) 中美洲历史 (zh) |
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