History of radiation therapy (original) (raw)
يعود تاريخ العلاج الإشعاعي إلى التجارب التي أُجريت بعد وقت قصير من اكتشاف الأشعة السينية عام 1895، عندما تبين أن التعرض للإشعاع ينتج حروقاً جلدية.ومثل استخدام العلاج بالكهرباء والاستخدام الطبي للمواد الكاوية؛ بدأ الأطباء في استخدام الإشعاع لإيقاف وعلاج الاصابات الناجمة عن أمراض مثل الذئبة، وسرطان الخلايا القاعدية. كان يعتقد عموما أن الإشعاع له خصائص مبيدة للجراثيم، لذلك عندما تم اكتشاف الراديوم، بالإضافة إلى استخدامه في علاج الأمراض التي تحتاج إلي الأشعة السينية، كان يستخدم أيضا كإضافة إلى العلاجات الطبية لأمراض مثل السل حيث توجد عصيات مقاومة للعلاج.
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| dbo:abstract | يعود تاريخ العلاج الإشعاعي إلى التجارب التي أُجريت بعد وقت قصير من اكتشاف الأشعة السينية عام 1895، عندما تبين أن التعرض للإشعاع ينتج حروقاً جلدية.ومثل استخدام العلاج بالكهرباء والاستخدام الطبي للمواد الكاوية؛ بدأ الأطباء في استخدام الإشعاع لإيقاف وعلاج الاصابات الناجمة عن أمراض مثل الذئبة، وسرطان الخلايا القاعدية. كان يعتقد عموما أن الإشعاع له خصائص مبيدة للجراثيم، لذلك عندما تم اكتشاف الراديوم، بالإضافة إلى استخدامه في علاج الأمراض التي تحتاج إلي الأشعة السينية، كان يستخدم أيضا كإضافة إلى العلاجات الطبية لأمراض مثل السل حيث توجد عصيات مقاومة للعلاج. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، ولأن الإشعاع وجد في مياه الينابيع الحارة التي اشتهرت بقدراتها العلاجية، فقد تم تسويقه كعلاج رائع لجميع أنواع الأمراض في الطب وعلاجات الدجالين. كان هناك اعتقاد بأن جرعات صغيرة من الإشعاع لا تسبب أي ضرر والآثار الضارة للجرعات الكبيرة مؤقتة. انتهى الاستخدام واسع النطاق للراديوم في الطب عندما اكتُشف أن التحمل البدني كان أقل مما من المتوقع وتسبب التعرض للخلايا على المدى الطويل إلى تلفها والذي قد يؤدي إلي ظهور السرطانات لمدة تصل إلى 40 عامًا حتي بعد انتهاء العلاج. يستمر استخدام الإشعاع اليوم كعلاج للسرطان فيما يعرف بالعلاج الإشعاعي. (ar) The history of radiation therapy or radiotherapy can be traced back to experiments made soon after the discovery of X-rays (1895), when it was shown that exposure to radiation produced cutaneous burns. Influenced by electrotherapy and escharotics — the medical application of caustic substances — doctors began using radiation to treat growths and lesions produced by diseases such as lupus, basal cell carcinoma, and epithelioma. Radiation was generally believed to have bactericidal properties, so when radium was discovered, in addition to treatments similar to those used with x-rays, it was also used as an additive to medical treatments for diseases such as tuberculosis where there were resistant bacilli. Additionally, because radiation was found to exist in hot spring waters which were reputed for their curative powers, it was marketed as a wonder cure for all sorts of ailments in patent medicine and quack cures. It was believed by medical science that small doses of radiation would cause no harm and the harmful effects of large doses were temporary. The widespread use of radium in medicine ended when it was discovered that physical tolerance was lower than expected and exposure caused long term cell damage that could appear in carcinoma up to 40 years after treatment. The use of radiation continues today as a treatment for cancer in radiation therapy. (en) La storia della radioterapia può essere ricostruita a partire dai primi esperimenti realizzati subito dopo la scoperta dei raggi x (1895), quando risultò evidente che l'esposizione alla radiazione provocava ustioni cutanee. Rifacendosi all'elettroterapia e all'escarotomia - applicazione medica di sostanze caustiche - si cominciò a usare le radiazioni per trattare tumori e lesioni prodotte da malattie come il lupus eritematoso, l'ulcera rodente e l'epitelioma. Si pensava che le radiazioni avessero proprietà battericide, infatti quando fu scoperto il radio, esso fu usato, oltre che in trattamenti simili a quelli con i raggi x, anche come additivo in trattamenti medici contro malattie come la tubercolosi, nei casi in cui c'erano bacilli resistenti. Inoltre, poiché si scoprì che la radiazione era presente in acque termali rinomate per i loro poteri curativi, fu commercializzata come cura miracolosa per tutti i tipi di disturbo nella paramedicina e anche come rimedio da parte di ciarlatani. La scienza medica riteneva che piccole dosi di radiazione non avrebbero provocato danni e che gli effetti dannosi causati da dosi più consistenti sarebbero stati temporanei. Un uso ampiamente diffuso del radio in ambito medico cessò quando si scoprì che il livello di sopportazione fisica era minore di quanto ci si aspettasse e che l'esposizione alla radiazione provocava nella cellula danni a lungo termine come il carcinoma, che poteva manifestarsi anche 40 anni dopo l'inizio del trattamento. Le radiazioni oggi sono utilizzate come trattamento per il cancro in radioterapia e vengono applicate seguendo rigide norme di radioprotezione. (it) |
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| rdfs:comment | يعود تاريخ العلاج الإشعاعي إلى التجارب التي أُجريت بعد وقت قصير من اكتشاف الأشعة السينية عام 1895، عندما تبين أن التعرض للإشعاع ينتج حروقاً جلدية.ومثل استخدام العلاج بالكهرباء والاستخدام الطبي للمواد الكاوية؛ بدأ الأطباء في استخدام الإشعاع لإيقاف وعلاج الاصابات الناجمة عن أمراض مثل الذئبة، وسرطان الخلايا القاعدية. كان يعتقد عموما أن الإشعاع له خصائص مبيدة للجراثيم، لذلك عندما تم اكتشاف الراديوم، بالإضافة إلى استخدامه في علاج الأمراض التي تحتاج إلي الأشعة السينية، كان يستخدم أيضا كإضافة إلى العلاجات الطبية لأمراض مثل السل حيث توجد عصيات مقاومة للعلاج. (ar) The history of radiation therapy or radiotherapy can be traced back to experiments made soon after the discovery of X-rays (1895), when it was shown that exposure to radiation produced cutaneous burns. Influenced by electrotherapy and escharotics — the medical application of caustic substances — doctors began using radiation to treat growths and lesions produced by diseases such as lupus, basal cell carcinoma, and epithelioma. Radiation was generally believed to have bactericidal properties, so when radium was discovered, in addition to treatments similar to those used with x-rays, it was also used as an additive to medical treatments for diseases such as tuberculosis where there were resistant bacilli. (en) La storia della radioterapia può essere ricostruita a partire dai primi esperimenti realizzati subito dopo la scoperta dei raggi x (1895), quando risultò evidente che l'esposizione alla radiazione provocava ustioni cutanee. Rifacendosi all'elettroterapia e all'escarotomia - applicazione medica di sostanze caustiche - si cominciò a usare le radiazioni per trattare tumori e lesioni prodotte da malattie come il lupus eritematoso, l'ulcera rodente e l'epitelioma. Si pensava che le radiazioni avessero proprietà battericide, infatti quando fu scoperto il radio, esso fu usato, oltre che in trattamenti simili a quelli con i raggi x, anche come additivo in trattamenti medici contro malattie come la tubercolosi, nei casi in cui c'erano bacilli resistenti. (it) |
| rdfs:label | تاريخ العلاج الإشعاعي (ar) History of radiation therapy (en) Storia della radioterapia (it) |
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