Insular Celts (original) (raw)

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The Insular Celts were speakers of the Insular Celtic languages in the British Isles and Brittany. The term is mostly used for the Celtic peoples of the isles up until the early Middle Ages, covering the British–Irish Iron Age, Roman Britain and Sub-Roman Britain. They included the Celtic Britons, the Picts, and the Gaels.

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dbo:abstract The Insular Celts were speakers of the Insular Celtic languages in the British Isles and Brittany. The term is mostly used for the Celtic peoples of the isles up until the early Middle Ages, covering the British–Irish Iron Age, Roman Britain and Sub-Roman Britain. They included the Celtic Britons, the Picts, and the Gaels. The Insular Celtic languages spread throughout the islands during the Bronze Age or early Iron Age. They are made up of two major groups: Brittonic in the east and Goidelic in the west. While there are records of Continental Celtic languages from the sixth century BC, allowing a confident reconstruction of Proto-Celtic, Insular Celtic languages became attested only during the early first millennium AD. The Insular Celts followed an Ancient Celtic religion overseen by druids. Some of the southern British tribes had strong links with mainland Europe, especially Gaul and Belgica, and minted their own coins. The Roman Empire conquered most of Britain in the 1st century AD, and a Romano-British culture emerged in the southeast. The Britons and Picts in the north, and the Gaels of Ireland, remained outside the empire. During the end of Roman rule in Britain in the 400s, there was significant Anglo-Saxon settlement of eastern and southern Britain, and some Gaelic settlement of its western coast. During this time, some Britons migrated to the Armorican peninsula, where their culture became dominant. Meanwhile, much of northern Britain (Scotland) became Gaelic. By the 10th century, the Insular Celts had diversified into the Brittonic-speaking Welsh (in Wales), Cornish (in Cornwall), Bretons (in Brittany) and Cumbrians (in the Old North); and the Goidelic-speaking Irish (in Ireland), Scots (in Scotland) and Manx (on the Isle of Man). in southern Scotland and northern England, and the remnants of the Pictish people in northern Scotland. (en) La question d'un peuplement à « caractère celtique » de l'île de Bretagne doit être considérée séparément pour deux périodes distinctes et distantes de près de mille ans : d'une part durant la préhistoire et la protohistoire de l'île, avant la conquête romaine ; et d'autre part durant le haut Moyen Âge. Ainsi, peut-on distinguer : * les Brittons (en latin Britanni), c'est-à-dire les habitants de la Grande-Bretagne protohistorique, parmi lesquels on peut inclure les peuples belges (en latin Belgae) qui s'établirent à l'embouchure de la Tamise en -75. * les Gaels, habitants d'Irlande protohistorique. * les Scots, envahisseurs proto-irlandais de l'île de Bretagne au haut Moyen Âge. * les autres peuples dont le caractère celtique est soit incertain, soit controversé pour la période protohistorique, comme les Calédoniens. Articles détaillés : Bretons insulaires (ou Brittons), Britto-romains Les Gabrantovices, les Lopocares, les Setantes, et les Textoverdes peuvent avoir été des sous-tribus des Brigantes. (fr) Los celtas insulares son los hablantes de las lenguas celtas insulares, que comprenden todas las lenguas celtas vivas, así como sus precursoras. Sin embargo, el término se utiliza principalmente en referencia a los pueblos de la Edad de Hierro británica antes de la conquista romana y a sus contemporáneos en Irlanda. Según teorías más antiguas, las lenguas celtas insulares se extendieron por las islas británicas en el curso de la Edad de Hierro insular. Actualmente, esto ha sido puesto en duda por la mayoría de los estudiosos, que ven las lenguas como ya presentes, y posiblemente dominantes, en la Edad de Bronce. En algún momento, los idiomas se dividieron en dos grupos principales, Goídelc en Irlanda y la lengua britónica en Gran Bretaña, correspondientes a los grupos de población de los pueblos gaélicos por un lado y los britanos y los pictos por el otro. (es) Bhíodh Ceiltis na nOileán á labhairt ag Ceiltigh na nOileán, lonnaithe i nÉirinn, sa Bhreatain agus sa Bhriotáin. Úsáidtear an téarma do dhreamanna Ceilteacha ón Iarannaois tríd an ré Rómhánach go dtí an luath-mheánaois, ina measc Briotanaigh Cheilteacha, na Cruithnigh agus na Gaeil. Leath teangacha na gCeiltigh ar fud na noileán le linn na Cré-umhaoisé agus go luath le líne na hIarannaoise. Tá dhá fhine ann: san oirthear agus Gaeilis san iarthar. Cé go bhfuil fianaise scríofa ann ar Cheiltis na Mór-Roinne ón séú haois RC, rud a ligint le cinnteacht d'athchruthú a dhéanamh ar Phrótai-Cheiltis, ní fheictear Ceiltis na nOileán go dtí go luath sa chéad mhílaois. Bhí creideamh ildiachach ag Ceiltigh na nOileán, faoi réim na ndraoithe. Bhí naisc láidre ag roinnt desna treibheanna as deisceart na Breataine leis an mór-roinn, go háirithe leis an nGaill agus leis an nBeilg. Bhuail siad a gcuid bíonn féin. Rinne Impireacht na Róimhe ar an mBreatain sa chéad aois AD agus chuir faoina smacht, agus d'éirigh cultúr chun cinn san oirdheisceart. D'fhan Briotanaigh agus Cruithnigh sa tuaisceart, agus na Gaeil i nÉirinn, lastigh den impireacht. Le meath ré na Rómhánach sna 400í, lonnaigh treibheanna Angla-Shacsanacha san oirdheisceart, agus roinnt Gael san iarthar. Tháinig na Gaeil chun cinn san Albain. D'imigh roinnt Briotanaigh go dtí le linn na ré seo. Faoin 10ú haois, bhí Ceiltigh na nOileán scartha de réir áite agus teanga: * Briotainic * Breatnaigh sa Bhreatain Bheag) * i gCorn na Breataine * Briotánaigh sa Bhriotáin * Cuimbriaigh(?) san Yr Hen Ogledd (Sean-Tuaisceart * Gaeilis * Gaeil i nÉirinn) * Albanaigh (san Albain) * Manannaigh ar Oileán Mhanann Bhí roinnt Ceilteach eile lonnaithe i dtuaisceart Sasana agus deisceart na hAlban, agus i dteannta sin 'séard a bhí fágtha desna Cruithnigh i dtuaisceart na hAlban. (ga) Os celtas insulares são os falantes das línguas celtas insulares, que compreendem todas as línguas celtas vivas, bem como os seus precursores, mas o termo é usado particularmente no que concerne os povos da Idade do Ferro britânica anteriores à conquista romana e os seus contemporâneos na Irlanda. De acordo com teorias mais antigas, as línguas celtas insulares terriam sido propagadas nas ilhas durante a Idade do Ferro insular. Isso é atualmente posto em causa pela maioria dos académicos, que crêem nas línguas como ali presentes, e possivelmente dominantes, já na Idade do Bronze. A dado ponto, as línguas dividiram-se nos dois principais grupos, Goidélico na Irlanda e Britónico na Grã-Bretanha, correspondendo aos grupos populacionais dos Goidels (Gaels), por um lado, e dos britânicos e pictos, por outro. A extensão em que esses povos terão formado um grupo étnico distinto é incerta. Embora existam registos antigos das línguas celtas continentais, permitindo uma reconstrução relativamente confiante do proto-celta, as línguas celtas insulares só são atestadas em textos relacionados no fim da Idade das Trevas, por volta do século VII dC, quando já não eram mutuamente compreensíveis. (pt)
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rdfs:comment The Insular Celts were speakers of the Insular Celtic languages in the British Isles and Brittany. The term is mostly used for the Celtic peoples of the isles up until the early Middle Ages, covering the British–Irish Iron Age, Roman Britain and Sub-Roman Britain. They included the Celtic Britons, the Picts, and the Gaels. (en) Los celtas insulares son los hablantes de las lenguas celtas insulares, que comprenden todas las lenguas celtas vivas, así como sus precursoras. Sin embargo, el término se utiliza principalmente en referencia a los pueblos de la Edad de Hierro británica antes de la conquista romana y a sus contemporáneos en Irlanda. (es) Bhíodh Ceiltis na nOileán á labhairt ag Ceiltigh na nOileán, lonnaithe i nÉirinn, sa Bhreatain agus sa Bhriotáin. Úsáidtear an téarma do dhreamanna Ceilteacha ón Iarannaois tríd an ré Rómhánach go dtí an luath-mheánaois, ina measc Briotanaigh Cheilteacha, na Cruithnigh agus na Gaeil. Bhí creideamh ildiachach ag Ceiltigh na nOileán, faoi réim na ndraoithe. Bhí naisc láidre ag roinnt desna treibheanna as deisceart na Breataine leis an mór-roinn, go háirithe leis an nGaill agus leis an nBeilg. Bhuail siad a gcuid bíonn féin. (ga) La question d'un peuplement à « caractère celtique » de l'île de Bretagne doit être considérée séparément pour deux périodes distinctes et distantes de près de mille ans : d'une part durant la préhistoire et la protohistoire de l'île, avant la conquête romaine ; et d'autre part durant le haut Moyen Âge. Ainsi, peut-on distinguer : Articles détaillés : Bretons insulaires (ou Brittons), Britto-romains Les Gabrantovices, les Lopocares, les Setantes, et les Textoverdes peuvent avoir été des sous-tribus des Brigantes. (fr) Os celtas insulares são os falantes das línguas celtas insulares, que compreendem todas as línguas celtas vivas, bem como os seus precursores, mas o termo é usado particularmente no que concerne os povos da Idade do Ferro britânica anteriores à conquista romana e os seus contemporâneos na Irlanda. (pt)
rdfs:label Celtas insulares (es) Ceiltigh na nOileán (ga) Liste des peuples celtes de Grande-Bretagne (fr) Insular Celts (en) Celtas insulares (pt)
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