Intake ramp (original) (raw)
An intake ramp is a rectangular, plate-like device within the air intake of a jet engine, designed to generate a number of shock waves to aid the inlet compression process at supersonic speeds. The ramp sits at an acute angle to deflect the intake air from the longitudinal direction. At supersonic flight speeds, the deflection of the air stream creates a number of oblique shock waves at each change of gradient along at the ramp. Air crossing each shock wave suddenly slows to a lower Mach number, thus increasing pressure.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| dbo:abstract | An intake ramp is a rectangular, plate-like device within the air intake of a jet engine, designed to generate a number of shock waves to aid the inlet compression process at supersonic speeds. The ramp sits at an acute angle to deflect the intake air from the longitudinal direction. At supersonic flight speeds, the deflection of the air stream creates a number of oblique shock waves at each change of gradient along at the ramp. Air crossing each shock wave suddenly slows to a lower Mach number, thus increasing pressure. Ideally, the first oblique shock wave should intercept the air intake lip, thus avoiding air spillage and pre-entry drag on the outer boundary of the deflected streamtube. For a fixed geometry intake at zero incidence, this condition can only be achieved at one particular flight Mach number, because the angle of the shock wave (to the longitudinal direction) becomes more acute with increasing aircraft speed. More advanced supersonic intakes feature a ramp with a number of discrete changes of gradient in order to generate multiple oblique shock waves. In the case of Concorde, the first (converging) intake ramp is followed by a diverging ramp. After the air passes the end of the first ramp it has become subsonic such that the diverging ramp further contributes towards the reduction in airstream velocity and consequently its increase in pressure. This intake design thus ensures excellent pressure recovery and contributes to Concorde's improved fuel efficiency whilst cruising supersonically at up to Mach 2.2 (beyond which airframe heating effects limit any further increase in speed). Variable geometry intakes, such as those on Concorde, vary the ramp angle to focus the series of oblique shock waves onto the intake lip, control of which is accomplished by complex non-linear control laws using the ramp void pressure (the pressure of the air in the gap between the two ramps) as a control input. The intake ramp for rectangular intakes has its equivalent in the inlet cone for circular intakes. Much lighter fixed-geometry alternatives are used on modern aircraft which are designed with greater emphasis on durability and survivability (stealth). These inlets preserve the performance of variable intake ramps by controlling shock position using the downstream pressure. They include the caret compression surface, used in the Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet and Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor inlets, and the diverterless supersonic inlet used on the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II and Chengdu J-20. (en) Sebuah jalan intake atau Lorong masukan adalahperangkat seperti piring persegi panjang, dalam asupan udara dari mesin jet, yang dirancang untuk menghasilkan gelombang kejut untuk membantu proses kompresi inlet di kecepatan supersonik. Jalan duduk di sudut akut membelokkan udara masuk dari arah longitudinal. Pada penerbangan kecepatan supersonik, defleksi aliran udara menciptakan gelombang kejut miring di ujung jalan depan. Udara melintasi gelombang kejut tiba-tiba melambat ke bawah bilangan Mach, sehingga meningkatkan tekanan. Namun, gelombang kejut yang non- isentropik, sehingga ada penurunan total, atau tekanan stagnasi relatif terhadap aliran udara bebas. Meskipun ada tercermin gelombang kejut miring dan lemah gelombang kejut yang normal dihasilkan hilir, bentuk asupan lebih efisien (yaitu pemulihan tekanan total lebih tinggi) daripada asupan pitot setara, terutama pada penerbangan supersonik kecepatan tinggi. (in) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Concordeintake.svg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageID | 9858460 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageLength | 4111 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageRevisionID | 1067051735 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:Pressure dbr:Boeing_F/A-18E/F_Super_Hornet dbr:Inlet_cone dbr:Components_of_jet_engines dbr:Concorde dbr:Supercruise dbr:Lockheed_Martin_F-22_Raptor dbr:Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II dbr:Shock_wave dbr:Fuel_efficiency dbr:Diverterless_supersonic_inlet dbr:Jet_engine dbc:Aircraft_propulsion_components dbr:F-14 dbr:Chengdu_J-20 dbr:XB-70 dbr:Mach_number dbr:Supersonic dbr:F-15_Eagle dbr:Splitter_plate_(aeronautics) dbr:File:Concordeintake.svg |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | dbt:Aircraft_components dbt:Short_description |
| dct:subject | dbc:Aircraft_propulsion_components |
| gold:hypernym | dbr:Device |
| rdf:type | yago:Abstraction100002137 yago:Cognition100023271 yago:Component105868954 yago:Concept105835747 yago:Content105809192 yago:Idea105833840 yago:Part105867413 yago:PsychologicalFeature100023100 dbo:Device yago:WikicatAircraftPropulsionComponents |
| rdfs:comment | An intake ramp is a rectangular, plate-like device within the air intake of a jet engine, designed to generate a number of shock waves to aid the inlet compression process at supersonic speeds. The ramp sits at an acute angle to deflect the intake air from the longitudinal direction. At supersonic flight speeds, the deflection of the air stream creates a number of oblique shock waves at each change of gradient along at the ramp. Air crossing each shock wave suddenly slows to a lower Mach number, thus increasing pressure. (en) Sebuah jalan intake atau Lorong masukan adalahperangkat seperti piring persegi panjang, dalam asupan udara dari mesin jet, yang dirancang untuk menghasilkan gelombang kejut untuk membantu proses kompresi inlet di kecepatan supersonik. Jalan duduk di sudut akut membelokkan udara masuk dari arah longitudinal. (in) |
| rdfs:label | Lorong masukan (in) Intake ramp (en) |
| owl:sameAs | freebase:Intake ramp yago-res:Intake ramp wikidata:Intake ramp dbpedia-id:Intake ramp https://global.dbpedia.org/id/U24m |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Intake_ramp?oldid=1067051735&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/North_American_XB-70_above_runway_ECN-792.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Concorde_Ramp.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Concordeintake.svg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/F-14_3_Yokota_Tokyo.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/F-15E_Strike_Eagle_is...ief_from_Elmendorf_Air_Force_Base.jpg |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Intake_ramp |
| is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of | dbr:Inlet_ramp |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Rockwell_B-1_Lancer dbr:Boeing_F/A-18E/F_Super_Hornet dbr:Inlet_cone dbr:Intake dbr:Components_of_jet_engines dbr:Concorde dbr:Convair_F-106_Delta_Dart dbr:McDonnell_Douglas_F-15E_Strike_Eagle dbr:McDonnell_Douglas_F-15_Eagle dbr:McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II dbr:McDonnell_Douglas_F/A-18_Hornet dbr:General_Electric_Affinity dbr:Lockheed_Martin_F-22_Raptor dbr:Bob_McKinlay_(engineer) dbr:Sukhoi_Su-15 dbr:Sukhoi_Su-30 dbr:Sukhoi_Su-30MKI dbr:Sukhoi_Su-57 dbr:British_Aerospace_HOTOL dbr:Tupolev_Tu-144 dbr:Tupolev_Tu-160 dbr:Tupolev_Tu-22M dbr:Tupolev_Tu-244 dbr:Diverterless_supersonic_inlet dbr:Liquid_air_cycle_engine dbr:EADS_Mako/HEAT dbr:Eurofighter_Typhoon dbr:FMA_SAIA_90 dbr:Fairey_Delta_2 dbr:North_American_A-5_Vigilante dbr:Panavia_Tornado dbr:Grumman_F-14_Tomcat dbr:Chengdu_J-10 dbr:Avro_730 dbr:Mikoyan_MiG-27 dbr:Mikoyan_MiG-29 dbr:Mikoyan_MiG-29M dbr:Mikoyan_MiG-31 dbr:Mikoyan_Project_1.44 dbr:Shenyang_FC-31 dbr:North_American_F-107 dbr:Splitter_plate_(aeronautics) dbr:Inlet_ramp |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Intake_ramp |
