Jean Bolikango (original) (raw)
- جان بوليكانغو (بالفرنسية: Jean Bolikango) أو بوليكانغو أكبولوكاكا غبوكولو نزيتي نزوبي (4 فبراير 1909 - 17 فبراير 1982) مربي وكاتب، وسياسي محافظ كونغولي، شغل مرتين منصب نائب رئيس وزراء جمهورية الكونغو (الآن جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية، في سبتمبر 1960 ومن فبراير إلى أغسطس 1962. شعبية كبيرة بين شعب ، ترأس الحزب الوطني وعمل كعضو رئيسي في المعارضة برلمان جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية في أوائل الستينيات. بدأ بوليكانغو مسيرته المهنية في الكونغو البلجيكية كمدرس في المدارس الكاثوليكية، وأصبح عضواً بارزاً في المجتمع الكونغولي بوصفه قائداً لرابطة ثقافية. كتب رواية حائزة على جائزة وعمل كصحفي قبل أن يتحول إلى السياسة في أواخر الخمسينات. على الرغم من أنه شغل منصب كبير في مجال الاتصالات في الإدارة الاستعمارية، إلا أنه أصبح زعيماً في الضغط من أجل الاستقلال، مما جعله أحد «آباء الاستقلال» في الكونغو. استقلت جمهورية الكونغو في عام 1960 وحاول بوليكانغو تنظيم قاعدة سياسية وطنية تدعم مساعيه للحصول على مكتب مرموق في الحكومة الجديدة. وقد نجح في تأسيس «الحزب الوطني» وشجع كلاً من الكونغو الموحدة وعلاقات قوية مع بلجيكا. أقدم من معظم معاصريه وقاد احترام كبير، وخاصة بين نظرائه البنغالية، وكان ينظر إليه على أنه «رجل الدولة الأكبر» في الكونغو. بغض النظر، فشلت محاولاته لتأمين منصب في الحكومة وأصبح عضوا قياديا في المعارضة في البرلمان. عندما أصبحت البلاد متورطة في أزمة داخلية، تم طرد الحكومة الأولى ونجحت من قبل عدة إدارات مختلفة. عمل بوليكانجو كنائب لرئيس الوزراء في إحدى الحكومات الجديدة قبل إعادة تأسيس دولة جزئية من الاستقرار في عام 1961. وتوسط بين الفصائل المتحاربة في الكونغو وخدم لفترة وجيزة مرة أخرى كنائب لرئيس الوزراء في عام 1962 قبل أن يعود إلى المعارضة البرلمانية. بعد تولي جوزيف ديزيريه موبوتو السلطة عام 1965، أصبح بوليكانغو وزيراً في حكومته. سرعان ما طرده موبوتو لكنه عينه في المكتب السياسي لحركة الثورة الشعبية. ترك بوليكانجو المكتب في عام 1970. ترك البرلمان في عام 1975 وتوفي بعد سبع سنوات. أنشأ حفيده مؤسسة جان بوليكانغو في ذاكرته لتعزيز التقدم الاجتماعي. وقد منح رئيس الكونغو، بعد وفاته، بولكيانغو ميدالية في عام 2005 عن حياته المهنية الطويلة في الخدمة العامة. (ar)
- Jean Bolikango, later Bolikango Akpolokaka Gbukulu Nzete Nzube (4 February 1909 – 17 February 1982), was a Congolese educator, writer, and conservative politician. He served twice as Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo), in September 1960 and from February to August 1962. Enjoying substantial popularity among the Bangala people, he headed the Parti de l'Unité Nationale and worked as a key opposition member in Parliament in the early 1960s. Bolikango began his career in the Belgian Congo as a teacher in Catholic schools, and became a prominent member of Congolese society as the leader of a cultural association. He wrote an award-winning novel and worked as a journalist before turning to politics in the late 1950s. Though he held a top communications post in the colonial administration, he became a leader in the push for independence, making him one of the "fathers of independence" in the Congo. The Republic of the Congo became independent in 1960 and Bolikango attempted to organise a national political base that would support his bid for a prestigious office in the new government. He succeeded in establishing the Parti de l'Unité Nationale and promoted both a united Congo and strong ties with Belgium. Older than most of his contemporaries and commanding significant respect—especially among his Bangala peers, he was seen as the Congo's "elder statesman". Regardless, his attempts to secure a position in the government failed and he became a leading member of the opposition in Parliament. As the country became embroiled in a domestic crisis, the first government was dislodged and succeeded by several different administrations. Bolikango served as Deputy Prime Minister in one of the new governments before a partial state of stability was reestablished in 1961. He mediated between warring factions in the Congo and briefly served once again as Deputy Prime Minister in 1962 before returning to the parliamentary opposition. After Joseph-Désiré Mobutu took power in 1965, Bolikango became a minister in his government. Mobutu soon dismissed him but appointed him to the political bureau of the Mouvement Populaire de la Révolution. Bolikango left the bureau in 1970. He left Parliament in 1975 and died seven years later. His grandson created the Jean Bolikango Foundation in his memory to promote social progress. The President of the Congo posthumously awarded Bolikango a medal in 2005 for his long career in public service. (en)
- Jean Bolikango, né le 4 février 1909 à Kinshasa, décédé le 17 février 1982 à Liège, est un enseignant, journaliste, et homme politique congolais. Il entamé une carrière politique à l'époque de l'accession du Congo belge à l'indépendance. Il a contribué à l'obtention de l'indépendance. Il participa aux gouvernements Iléo, Iléo II et Mulamba. (fr)
- 1909-02-04 (xsd:date)
- 1982-02-17 (xsd:date)
- dbr:Jean_Bolikango__Tenure__1
- dbr:Jean_Bolikango__Tenure__2
- dbr:Jean_Bolikango__Tenure__3
- dbr:Jean_Bolikango__Tenure__4
- dbr:Jean_Bolikango__Tenure__5
- dbr:Jean_Bolikango__Tenure__6
- dbr:Jean_Bolikango__Tenure__7
- dbr:Jean_Bolikango__Tenure__9
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=XCA4AAAAIAAJ
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=R5pJxgosjIIC%7C
- https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.117581%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=SdLUAAAAMAAJ%7C
- https://issuu.com/tetitatutis/docs/congo1959%7C
- https://archive.org/details/congodisaster006719mbp%7C
- https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.110664%7C
- https://archive.org/details/patrimonialismpo0000will%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=bTdlU4yGB6YC%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=kcwzAAAAIAAJ%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=F0LWCgAAQBAJ%7C
- https://www.cairn.info/revue-courrier-hebdomadaire-du-crisp-1960-24-page-1.htm
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=qFI-Z5YUxigC%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=9UoLAQAAIAAJ%7C
- https://archive.org/details/TheBelgo-congoleseRoundTable%7C
- https://archive.org/details/sim_africa-report_1960-06_5_6/page/n3/mode/2up%3Fq=Jean+Bolikango
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=1rPHBQAAQBAJ%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=5SsOAQAAMAAJ%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=8JIYAQAAMAAJ%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=8TpKkd7VFPEC%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=8_MPAAAAIAAJ%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=F81BAAAAYAAJ
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=FZ4NAQAAIAAJ&q%7Coclc=
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=HeQVAQAAIAAJ
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=OFYFAQAAIAAJ%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=QjnmAAAAMAAJ%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=X2DGBAAAQBAJ
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=XvTyMBHwmYEC%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=d1gOAQAAMAAJ%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=dN0wAQAAIAAJ%7C
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=pzPECwAAQBAJ%7C
- https://www.kaowarsom.be/documents/MEMOIRES_VERHANDELINGEN/Sciences_morales_politique/Hum.Sc.(NS)_T.XVII,2_JADOT%20J-M._Les%20%C3%A9crivains%20indig%C3%A8nes%20du%20Congo%20belge%20et%20du%20Ruanda-Urundi.%20Une%20histoire-Un%20bilan-Des%20probl%C3%A8mes%20_1959.pdf%7C
- http://www.radiookapi.net/2016/06/30/actualite/politique/30-juin-2016-la-rdc-celebre-son-56e-anniversaire-dindependance-sur%7C
- https://www.dekamer.be/FLWB/PDF/50/0312/50K0312006.pdf%7C
- https://static.history.state.gov/frus/frus1964-68v23/pdf/frus1964-68v23.pdf%7C
- https://web.archive.org/web/20150912173843/https:/www.indiana.edu/~libsalc/africa/scripts/awards1.php%3Faward=116
- https://web.archive.org/web/20170123122554/https:/www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/DOC_0000399340.pdf%7C
- https://www.cairn.info/revue-courrier-hebdomadaire-du-crisp-1960-32-page-1.htm%3F1=1&DocId=27211%7C
- https://www.cairn.info/revue-courrier-hebdomadaire-du-crisp-1989-38-page-1.htm%3F1=1&DocId=27451%7C
- https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/DOC_0000399340.pdf%7C
- https://www.newspapers.com/image/11630766/%3Fterms=Corsicana%2BDaily%2BSun%7C
- http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0001/000190/019083eo.pdf%7C
- http://www.africamuseum.be/sites/default/files/media/docs/research/publications/rmca/online/monographies-provinces/mongala.pdf%7C
- https://www.indiana.edu/~libsalc/africa/scripts/awards1.php%3Faward=116%7C
- 52291932 (xsd:integer)
- 51179 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
- 1105204633 (xsd:integer)
- dbr:President_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo
- dbr:Rochester,_Vermont
- dbr:Royal_Order_of_the_Lion
- dbr:Ruanda-Urundi
- dbr:Mongo_people
- dbr:Belgian_Congo
- dbr:Belgium
- dbr:Belgo-Congolese_Round_Table_Conference
- dbr:Benemerenti_medal
- dbr:Bongandanga
- dbr:Bonn
- dbr:Brazzaville
- dbr:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo
- dbc:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo_pan-Africanists
- dbc:Deputy_Prime_Ministers_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo
- dbc:Évolués
- dbr:Joseph_Iléo
- dbr:Joseph_Kabila
- dbr:Joseph_Kasa-Vubu
- dbr:Joseph_Kasongo
- dbr:Joseph_Malula
- dbc:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo_writers
- dbr:Patrice_Lumumba
- dbr:Republic_of_the_Congo_(Léopoldville)
- dbr:United_States_Central_Intelligence_Agency
- dbr:United_States_Department_of_State
- dbr:Victor_Promontorio
- dbr:Congo_Crisis
- dbr:Mbandaka
- dbr:Rémy_Mwamba
- dbr:Radio_Okapi
- dbr:Christophe_Gbenye
- dbr:Free_Republic_of_the_Congo
- dbr:French_Parliament
- dbr:Félix_Houphouët-Boigny
- dbr:Gemena
- dbr:Ghent
- dbr:Mongala
- dbr:Moses
- dbr:Mouvement_National_Congolais
- dbr:Moïse_Tshombe
- dbr:Convention_Nationale_Congolaise
- dbr:Corsicana_Daily_Sun
- dbr:Equal_pay_for_equal_work
- dbr:Anicet_Kashamura
- dbr:Antoine_Gizenga
- dbr:Lingala
- dbr:Lisala
- dbr:Liège
- dbr:Lumumba_Government
- dbr:Léonard_Mulamba
- dbr:Léopold_Sédar_Senghor
- dbr:Léopoldville
- dbr:State_of_Katanga
- dbr:Sub-Saharan_Africa
- dbr:Équateur_(former_province)
- dbr:1960_Belgian_Congo_general_election
- dbr:1965_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo_general_election
- dbr:Bangala_language
- dbr:Bantu_language
- dbc:1909_births
- dbc:1982_deaths
- dbr:Brussels
- dbr:CICM_Missionaries
- dbr:CONAKAT
- dbc:Candidates_for_President_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo
- dbc:People_from_Kinshasa
- dbr:Washington_D.C.
- dbr:American_University
- dbc:People_of_the_Congo_Crisis
- dbr:Cyrille_Adoula
- dbc:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo_male_writers
- dbr:Expo_58
- dbr:Federal_Republic_of_Germany
- dbr:Federalism
- dbc:Popular_Movement_of_the_Revolution_politicians
- dbc:Recipients_of_the_Benemerenti_medal
- dbr:Paris
- dbr:Parliament_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo
- dbr:Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)
- dbr:Ludo_De_Witte
- dbr:Primary_school
- dbr:Ivory_Coast
- dbc:Belgian_Congo_people
- dbr:Chamber_of_Representatives_(Belgium)
- dbr:Albert_Mongita
- dbr:Laurent_Eketebi
- dbc:Royal_Order_of_the_Lion_recipients
- dbr:Marcel_Lihau
- dbr:Indiana_University_Bloomington
- dbr:Kinshasa
- dbr:National_Assembly_(Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo)
- dbr:National_Order_of_the_Leopard
- dbr:Senate_(Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo)
- dbr:Senegal
- dbr:Manifesto
- dbr:Sage_(philosophy)
- dbr:Ubangi_Province
- dbr:University_of_Ghent
- dbr:Thomas_Kanza
- dbr:Standard-Examiner
- dbr:Pan-Africanism
- dbr:Alliance_des_Bakongo
- dbr:Raphaël_de_la_Kethulle_de_Ryhove
- dbr:Évolués
- dbr:Parti_National_du_Progrès
- dbr:Mouvement_Populaire_de_la_Révolution
- dbr:Ngombe_language_(Congo)
- dbr:Joseph-Désiré_Mobutu
- dbr:Antoine_Apindia
- dbr:Jacques_Lumbala
- dbr:File:Jean_Bolikango_at_the_Belgo-Congolese_Round_Table_Conference,_1960.jpg
- dbr:Arthur_Pinzi
- dbr:File:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F007598-0...stelle_Bonn,_Besuch_aus_dem_Kongo.jpg
- dbr:Jacques_Massa
- dbr:Manifeste_de_Conscience_Africaine
- dbr:Ngwaka
- dbr:Party_of_National_Unity_(Congo-Kinshasa)
- left (en)
- right (en)
- 0001-01-27 (xsd:gMonthDay)
- #c6dbf7 (en)
- 1909-02-04 (xsd:date)
- Jean Bolikango at the Belgo-Congolese Round Table Conference, January 1960 (en)
- 1982-02-17 (xsd:date)
- Jean Bolikango (en)
- Member of Parliament (en)
- Member of the Chamber of Deputies (en)
- Minister of Information of the Republic of the Congo (en)
- Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo (en)
- Minister of Defence of the Republic of the Congo (en)
- for Kinshasa (en)
- for Mongala (en)
- Minister of Public Works of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (en)
- Association des Ressortisants du Haut-Congo( ) (en)
- Convention Nationale Congolaise( ) (en)
- Front de l'Unite Bangala( ) (en)
- Mouvement Populaire de la Révolution( ) (en)
- Parti de l'Unité Congolaise( ) (en)
- Parti de l'Unité Nationale( ) (en)
- dbr:Joseph_Kasa-Vubu
- dbr:Joseph-Désiré_Mobutu
- Joseph Kasa-Vubu (en)
- dbr:Joseph_Iléo
- dbr:Léonard_Mulamba
- Cyrille Adoula (en)
- "Bolikango was one of those Congolese politicians who believed that honesty and keeping one's word were the most important characteristics of political men. He could not conceive of anyone's using deceit, still less violence or brutality, as a tactic for success." (en)
- "Where are the freedom and security for all, promised with independence?...[H]ow is it that under Belgian rule we were less ill-treated than we are today? Similarly, how is it conceivable that the country's economy, so prosperous that those who yesterday, under the colonial regime, were sure of their bread, are no longer sure of it for tomorrow? Today, instead of bread, we are offered curfew and bayonets; we once knew the animation of the city, the freedom to live. Now the streets are deserted, occupied militarily. Is that independence or dependence?" (en)
- 0001-08-02 (xsd:gMonthDay)
- Thomas Kanza's opinion on Bolikango's approach towards politics during his bid for the presidency (en)
- Claire Bolikango (en)
- Joseph Iléo (en)
- Antoine Apindia (en)
- 1963 (xsd:integer)
- 1967 (xsd:integer)
- 1975 (xsd:integer)
- 1960-09-20 (xsd:date)
- 1961-08-01 (xsd:date)
- 1962-07-12 (xsd:date)
- 1966-04-16 (xsd:date)
- 1960 (xsd:integer)
- 1965 (xsd:integer)
- 1970 (xsd:integer)
- 1960-09-13 (xsd:date)
- 1961-02-09 (xsd:date)
- 1962-02-13 (xsd:date)
- 1965-11-28 (xsd:date)
- 246 (xsd:integer)
- dbt:Authority_control
- dbt:Birth_date
- dbt:Citation
- dbt:Cite_book
- dbt:Cite_encyclopedia
- dbt:Cite_journal
- dbt:Cite_news
- dbt:Cite_web
- dbt:Efn
- dbt:Featured_article
- dbt:Infobox_officeholder
- dbt:Notelist
- dbt:Quote_box
- dbt:Refbegin
- dbt:Refend
- dbt:Reflist
- dbt:Sfn
- dbt:Short_description
- dbt:Death_date_and_age
- dbt:Harvid
- dbt:Collapsed_infobox_section_begin
- dbt:Collapsed_infobox_section_end
- dbc:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo_pan-Africanists
- dbc:Deputy_Prime_Ministers_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo
- dbc:Évolués
- dbc:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo_writers
- dbc:1909_births
- dbc:1982_deaths
- dbc:Candidates_for_President_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo
- dbc:People_from_Kinshasa
- dbc:People_of_the_Congo_Crisis
- dbc:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo_male_writers
- dbc:Popular_Movement_of_the_Revolution_politicians
- dbc:Recipients_of_the_Benemerenti_medal
- dbc:Belgian_Congo_people
- dbc:Royal_Order_of_the_Lion_recipients
- owl:Thing
- foaf:Person
- dbo:Person
- dul:NaturalPerson
- wikidata:Q19088
- wikidata:Q215627
- wikidata:Q5
- wikidata:Q729
- wikidata:Q82955
- dbo:Animal
- dbo:Eukaryote
- dbo:Species
- schema:Person
- dbo:Politician
- Jean Bolikango, né le 4 février 1909 à Kinshasa, décédé le 17 février 1982 à Liège, est un enseignant, journaliste, et homme politique congolais. Il entamé une carrière politique à l'époque de l'accession du Congo belge à l'indépendance. Il a contribué à l'obtention de l'indépendance. Il participa aux gouvernements Iléo, Iléo II et Mulamba. (fr)
- جان بوليكانغو (بالفرنسية: Jean Bolikango) أو بوليكانغو أكبولوكاكا غبوكولو نزيتي نزوبي (4 فبراير 1909 - 17 فبراير 1982) مربي وكاتب، وسياسي محافظ كونغولي، شغل مرتين منصب نائب رئيس وزراء جمهورية الكونغو (الآن جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية، في سبتمبر 1960 ومن فبراير إلى أغسطس 1962. شعبية كبيرة بين شعب ، ترأس الحزب الوطني وعمل كعضو رئيسي في المعارضة برلمان جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية في أوائل الستينيات. (ar)
- Jean Bolikango, later Bolikango Akpolokaka Gbukulu Nzete Nzube (4 February 1909 – 17 February 1982), was a Congolese educator, writer, and conservative politician. He served twice as Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo), in September 1960 and from February to August 1962. Enjoying substantial popularity among the Bangala people, he headed the Parti de l'Unité Nationale and worked as a key opposition member in Parliament in the early 1960s. (en)
- جان بوليكانغو (ar)
- Jean Bolikango (fr)
- Jean Bolikango (en)
- Jean Bolikango (pt)
- yago-res:Jean Bolikango
- wikidata:Jean Bolikango
- dbpedia-ar:Jean Bolikango
- http://arz.dbpedia.org/resource/جان_بوليكانجو
- http://ckb.dbpedia.org/resource/ژان_بۆلیکانگۆ
- dbpedia-fr:Jean Bolikango
- dbpedia-pt:Jean Bolikango
- https://global.dbpedia.org/id/2w4Mm
- wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Jean_Bolikango_at_the...lese_Round_Table_Conference,_1960.jpg
- wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bi...stelle_Bonn,_Besuch_aus_dem_Kongo.jpg
- Jean Bolikango (en)
is dbo:deputy of
is dbo:successor of
is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of
is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of
- dbr:Belgo-Congolese_Round_Table_Conference
- dbr:Bolikango
- dbr:Joseph_Kasa-Vubu
- dbr:Joseph_Kasongo
- dbr:Patrice_Lumumba
- dbr:Victor_Promontorio
- dbr:Free_Republic_of_the_Congo
- dbr:1960_Force_Publique_mutinies
- dbr:Anicet_Kashamura
- dbr:Antoine_Gizenga
- dbr:Lumumba_Government
- dbr:Cyrille_Adoula
- dbr:Formation_of_the_Lumumba_Government
- dbr:List_of_national_founders
- dbr:Laurent_Eketebi
- dbr:Marcel_Lihau
- dbr:Indépendance_Cha_Cha
- dbr:National_Order_of_the_Leopard
- dbr:Raphaël_de_la_Kethulle_de_Ryhove
is dbp:deputy of
is dbp:oppositionLeaders of
is dbp:successor of
is foaf:primaryTopic of