Kasym Khan (original) (raw)
قاسم بن جانيبك خان (بالقازاقية: Қасым бин Жәнібек хан)، يعرف إختصارًا باسم (قاسم خان)، هو رابع خان حكم خانات الكازاخ بين عامي (1511-1521) وأهم من ساهم بتوحيد قبائل الكازاخ وتكوين دولة موحدة مترامية الأطراف، بالإضافة إلى كونه قائد مسلم ساهم بتعزيز مكانة الدين الإسلامي في منطقة آسيا الوسطى.
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| dbo:abstract | Kasim Khan fou kan dels kazakhs (el país s'anomenava Deixt Kiptxaq). Va succeir al seu pare Djanibek Khan després del 1488, però supeditat al seu cosí Burunduk Khan, fins que va prendre el poder el 1509. Era el tercer de nou germans: Iranchi o Iraiji, Mahmud, Kasim, Itik o Aitek (podria ser Aibek), Janish, Kanbar, Tanish (esmentat com Benish per l'historiador Haydar), Uziak i Jauk (Yadik, o Jadik). Khuandemir esmenta a Iranchi com a successor de Burunduk, amb seu a Sabran, però la resta d'historiadors estan d'acord que el successor fou Kasim. Burunduk hauria residit a Sendchtik (potser Sighnak) i a Kainu, a la frontera del Mogolistan. Segons l'historiador Haydar, Kasim Khan va sotmetre tot el Deixt Kiptxaq i el seu exèrcit el formaven més de cent mil homes. La mare de Kasim era Jaghun Berkin. Baber l'esmenta a la seva obra com "Uzbeg Sultan" (al text persa apareix com Awik Sultan). Es va casar amb Sultan Nigar Khanum, quarta fill de Yunus Khan de Mogulistan (1462-1487) i vídua de Mahmud Mirza, (fill de Sultan Abu Said de Mogulistan 1514-1533), la qual després es va casar amb Kasim Mirza (germà de Mahmud) a la mort de Kasim Khan. El seu germà Kanbar Khan fou el seu cap militar. L'hivern del 1509 va marxar amb l'exèrcit contra Muhammad Shayban; aquest es va dirigir a Tarez. Un temps després Sultan Said de Fergana (Andijan) el va cridar en ajut contra els uzbeks i hi va anar; el governador de Sayram, Ketch Beg, li va obrir les portes de la ciutat, però Kasim es va retirar a Taixkent i van deixar la lluita (1513). Sultan Said, ara kan de Mogolistan (1514-1533) el va anar a trobar i el va albirar a la vora del riu Txu; Kasim tenia més de 60 anys, potser més de 70, i no va anar a veure al kan personalment però hi va enviar a 30 o 40 dels seus emirs amb ordres de fer homenatge al kan entre els quals Janish Khan i Benish Khan, els seus germans, que ja eren grans tanmateix. Kasim va mostrar extraordinària cortesia amb el kan que va quedar impressionat. Finalment els dos homes es van entrevistar i van establir una sòlida amistat (vers 1516). La darrera notícia que es té és que va fer un atac de poca importància als uzbeks l'any següent (vers 1517). Una notícia diu que va morir junt amb un dels seus filla a Ilianli Tuk, lluitant contra el Nogai Sheikh Mirza. Haydar diu que va morir el 1518 sense explicar les causes. Fou enterrat a Bakirghan Ata, al districte d'Urgendj o Khivà. El va succeir el seu fill Mimash Khan. (ca) قاسم بن جانيبك خان (بالقازاقية: Қасым бин Жәнібек хан)، يعرف إختصارًا باسم (قاسم خان)، هو رابع خان حكم خانات الكازاخ بين عامي (1511-1521) وأهم من ساهم بتوحيد قبائل الكازاخ وتكوين دولة موحدة مترامية الأطراف، بالإضافة إلى كونه قائد مسلم ساهم بتعزيز مكانة الدين الإسلامي في منطقة آسيا الوسطى. (ar) Qasim bin Janibek Khan (Kazakh: قاسم بن جانيبك خان, Қасым бин Жәнібек хан, romanized: Qasym bin Jänıbek Han), known by his shortened regal name as Qasim Khan (also spelled as Kasym Khan) was a son of Janibek Khan. He ruled as the fourth Khan of the Kazakh Khanate from about 1511 to 1521. He is viewed as the greatest leader to unite the Kazakh tribes. Although, Burunduk Khan was the Khan of the Kazakhs, the control of the government was in the hands of Qasim Khan. Eventually, he sent Burunduk Khan into exile who died in Samarkand. Qasim Khan had a brother named Adik Khan who was married to Sultana Nigar Khanim, daughter of Yunus Khan of Moghulistan. When Adik Khan died, Qasim Khan took her as his wife. Qasim Khan is generally regarded as one of the greatest rulers of the Kazakh Khanate. Shortly after taking the throne in 1511, Qasim Khan fought against his cousin Muhammad Shaybani for control of the Desht-i-Kipchak region. After Shaybani and the Uzbeks suffered severe losses in numerous battles near Lake Balkhash, the Uzbek Khanate agreed to give Qasim Khan and the Kazakhs all former Uzbek lands north of the Syr Darya. This effectively allowed Qasim Khan to conquer all of modern Kazakhstan, much of modern-day Uzbekistan, and parts of southwestern Siberia, western China, and Kyrgyzstan. The Kazakh Khanate consistently controlled of all of these lands until the 18th century, when they began suffering attacks from the Tsardom of Russia in the north, the Emirate of Bukhara to the south, and the Dzungars in the east. After his conquests against Muhammad Shaybani, Qasim began to advance the power of the Kazakh state for the long term. He is credited with creating the first written code of laws for the Kazakhs, which he called "The Bright Road of Qasim Khan" as well as creating some of the first written records of the Kazakh language, which used the Arabic script until the early 20th century. Qasim Khan, a devout Muslim himself, was also a proponent of Islamic culture and a patron of the arts. Under his reign, all inhabitants of modern-day Kazakhstan fully adopted Sunni Islam, which had begun spreading throughout the Desht-i-Kipchak steppe in the 13th century but only became firmly established under him and the Shaybanid rulers before him. Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat, the Kazakh Chagatayid governor of Kashmir, wrote extensively about Qasim's success in the Tarikh-i-Rashidi. With the relatively notable exceptions of Ottoman Sultan Selim I and Safavid Shah Ismail I, Dughlat considered Qasim to be one of the most powerful rulers of the eastern Islamic world. Qasim oversaw the construction of numerous mosques and mausoleums, especially in northern Kazakhstan, many of which still stand today. Towards the end of his reign, Qasim built an alliance with the rising Timurid prince Babur, who shared a common enemy of Muhammad Shaybani with him. Qasim had three sons by his two wives: Khanzada Abu'l Khair was born to Sultan Nigar Khanum, while Khanzada Haqnazar and Khanzada Muhammed were born to Khanyk Sultan Khanum. Since he was the oldest, Khanzada Muhammed ultimately succeeded his father as khan, followed by Haqnazar long after him. (en) Касым-хан (каз. Қасым хан, в русской историографии также Касим) (1445/55 — 1521, в качестве даты смерти также указываются 1518 и 1523/1524 год) — казахский хан чингизид, правитель Казахского ханства в 1511—1521 годах, сын Жанибек-хана. При нём Казахское ханство достигло расцвета и установило контроль над обширными территориями Восточного Дешт-и-Кипчака. Также является двоюродным братом узбекского правителя Шейбани-хана. (ru) 哈斯木（1445年－1521年），哈薩克汗國第三代可汗，他是賈尼別克的兒子，巴蘭杜黑汗的堂兄弟。 他之前是巴蘭杜黑手下一位蘇丹（王子），娶了蒙兀兒斯坦羽奴思汗的女兒後，勢力更大，在1508年-1509年，昔班尼大舉入侵哈薩克汗國南部，哈斯木迎戰，烏茲別克人聽到哈斯木汗來臨，不敢應戰，昔班尼一直撤退，去到波斯薩非王朝邊界，被伊斯邁爾一世殺害，哈斯木在1511年放逐了巴蘭都黑，他在1511年死在烏茲別克一帶。 哈斯木汗是哈薩克汗國力量的真正奠基人，葉爾羌汗國的米尔咱·马黑麻·海答儿（哈斯木是其姨父）說，哈斯木在欽察草原上號令一切，勢力極大，除了朮赤汗沒有人有他那麼大的權力，他在外交上聯盟蒙兀兒斯坦，嚴防瓦剌、烏茲別克，得到塞蘭城，但圍攻塔什干失敗，內政上，制定第一部哈薩克成文法，當時人口一百萬，軍力30萬，由阿爾泰山至伏爾加河西岸，也有哈薩克人居住。 哈斯木法典，內容有五部分，財產法，刑事法，兵役法，使臣法，民事法。 (zh) Касим-хан (каз. Қасым хан; 1445/1455—1521) — казахський хан. За його правління ханство сягнуло розквіту та встановило контроль над значними територіями Східного Половецького поля. Його брат, Мухаммед Шейбані, був узбецьким ханом. (uk) |
| dbo:activeYearsEndYear | 1521-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
| dbo:activeYearsStartYear | 1511-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
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| dbo:title | Khanzada (en) Khan (en) Sultan (en) |
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| dbp:birthDate | 1445 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:birthPlace | dbr:Uzbek_Khanate |
| dbp:coronation | 1511 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:date | December 2009 (en) |
| dbp:deathDate | 1521 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:deathPlace | dbr:Saray-Jük dbr:Kazakh_Khanate |
| dbp:dynasty | dbr:Urus_Khan Tore (en) |
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| dbp:fullName | (en) Qasım bin Jänibek Khan (en) |
| dbp:issue | dbr:Mamash_Khan dbr:Haqnazar_Khan Abulkhair Sultan (en) |
| dbp:mother | Jagan-Begum Khanum (en) |
| dbp:name | Qasim Khan (en) |
| dbp:predecessor | dbr:Burunduk_Khan |
| dbp:reign | 1511 (xsd:integer) |
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| rdfs:comment | قاسم بن جانيبك خان (بالقازاقية: Қасым бин Жәнібек хан)، يعرف إختصارًا باسم (قاسم خان)، هو رابع خان حكم خانات الكازاخ بين عامي (1511-1521) وأهم من ساهم بتوحيد قبائل الكازاخ وتكوين دولة موحدة مترامية الأطراف، بالإضافة إلى كونه قائد مسلم ساهم بتعزيز مكانة الدين الإسلامي في منطقة آسيا الوسطى. (ar) Касым-хан (каз. Қасым хан, в русской историографии также Касим) (1445/55 — 1521, в качестве даты смерти также указываются 1518 и 1523/1524 год) — казахский хан чингизид, правитель Казахского ханства в 1511—1521 годах, сын Жанибек-хана. При нём Казахское ханство достигло расцвета и установило контроль над обширными территориями Восточного Дешт-и-Кипчака. Также является двоюродным братом узбекского правителя Шейбани-хана. (ru) 哈斯木（1445年－1521年），哈薩克汗國第三代可汗，他是賈尼別克的兒子，巴蘭杜黑汗的堂兄弟。 他之前是巴蘭杜黑手下一位蘇丹（王子），娶了蒙兀兒斯坦羽奴思汗的女兒後，勢力更大，在1508年-1509年，昔班尼大舉入侵哈薩克汗國南部，哈斯木迎戰，烏茲別克人聽到哈斯木汗來臨，不敢應戰，昔班尼一直撤退，去到波斯薩非王朝邊界，被伊斯邁爾一世殺害，哈斯木在1511年放逐了巴蘭都黑，他在1511年死在烏茲別克一帶。 哈斯木汗是哈薩克汗國力量的真正奠基人，葉爾羌汗國的米尔咱·马黑麻·海答儿（哈斯木是其姨父）說，哈斯木在欽察草原上號令一切，勢力極大，除了朮赤汗沒有人有他那麼大的權力，他在外交上聯盟蒙兀兒斯坦，嚴防瓦剌、烏茲別克，得到塞蘭城，但圍攻塔什干失敗，內政上，制定第一部哈薩克成文法，當時人口一百萬，軍力30萬，由阿爾泰山至伏爾加河西岸，也有哈薩克人居住。 哈斯木法典，內容有五部分，財產法，刑事法，兵役法，使臣法，民事法。 (zh) Касим-хан (каз. Қасым хан; 1445/1455—1521) — казахський хан. За його правління ханство сягнуло розквіту та встановило контроль над значними територіями Східного Половецького поля. Його брат, Мухаммед Шейбані, був узбецьким ханом. (uk) Kasim Khan fou kan dels kazakhs (el país s'anomenava Deixt Kiptxaq). Va succeir al seu pare Djanibek Khan després del 1488, però supeditat al seu cosí Burunduk Khan, fins que va prendre el poder el 1509. Era el tercer de nou germans: Iranchi o Iraiji, Mahmud, Kasim, Itik o Aitek (podria ser Aibek), Janish, Kanbar, Tanish (esmentat com Benish per l'historiador Haydar), Uziak i Jauk (Yadik, o Jadik). Khuandemir esmenta a Iranchi com a successor de Burunduk, amb seu a Sabran, però la resta d'historiadors estan d'acord que el successor fou Kasim. Burunduk hauria residit a Sendchtik (potser Sighnak) i a Kainu, a la frontera del Mogolistan. Segons l'historiador Haydar, Kasim Khan va sotmetre tot el Deixt Kiptxaq i el seu exèrcit el formaven més de cent mil homes. La mare de Kasim era Jaghun Berk (ca) Qasim bin Janibek Khan (Kazakh: قاسم بن جانيبك خان, Қасым бин Жәнібек хан, romanized: Qasym bin Jänıbek Han), known by his shortened regal name as Qasim Khan (also spelled as Kasym Khan) was a son of Janibek Khan. He ruled as the fourth Khan of the Kazakh Khanate from about 1511 to 1521. He is viewed as the greatest leader to unite the Kazakh tribes. Although, Burunduk Khan was the Khan of the Kazakhs, the control of the government was in the hands of Qasim Khan. Eventually, he sent Burunduk Khan into exile who died in Samarkand. Qasim Khan had a brother named Adik Khan who was married to Sultana Nigar Khanim, daughter of Yunus Khan of Moghulistan. When Adik Khan died, Qasim Khan took her as his wife. (en) |
| rdfs:label | قاسم خان (سلطان) (ar) Kasim Khan (ca) Kasym Khan (en) Касым-хан (Казахское ханство) (ru) Касим-хан (казахський хан) (uk) 哈斯木汗 (哈萨克汗国可汗) (zh) |
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| foaf:name | Qasim Khan (en) |
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