Dzungar people (original) (raw)
Džúngarové, též Džúngaři, (mongolsky Өөлд Ööld) je západomongolský (ojratský) historický národ, z něhož přežívají kmeny žijící v Číně a Mongolsku.Celkově se počet Džúngarů odhaduje na 34 tisíc, z toho 25 tisíc žije v Číně (sčítání 1999) a 9 tisíc v Mongolsku. Náboženstvím jsou Džúngarové buddhisty školy Gelugpa.
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| dbo:abstract | Džúngarové, též Džúngaři, (mongolsky Өөлд Ööld) je západomongolský (ojratský) historický národ, z něhož přežívají kmeny žijící v Číně a Mongolsku.Celkově se počet Džúngarů odhaduje na 34 tisíc, z toho 25 tisíc žije v Číně (sčítání 1999) a 9 tisíc v Mongolsku. Náboženstvím jsou Džúngarové buddhisty školy Gelugpa. (cs) The name Dzungar people, also written as Zunghar (literally züün'gar, from the Mongolian for "left hand"), referred to the several Mongol Oirat tribes who formed and maintained the Dzungar Khanate in the 17th and 18th centuries. Historically they were one of major tribes of the Four Oirat confederation. They were also known as the Eleuths or Ööled, from the Qing dynasty euphemism for the hated word "Dzungar" and also called "Kalmyks". In 2010, 15,520 people claimed "Ööled" ancestry in Mongolia. An unknown number also live in China, Russia and Kazakhstan. (en) Zúngaro ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠭᠠᠷ (en mongol, Зүүнгар, literalmente mano izquierda, pronunciación ʑwʊɴˈʁɑɾ) (en chino tradicional, 準噶爾; en chino simplificado, 准噶尔; pinyin, Zhǔngá'ěr; literalmente, ‘züüngar’) es el nombre que se refiere a varias tribus oirates que formaron y mantuvieron el kanato de Zungaria en los siglos XVII y XVIII. Los zúngaros históricamente fueron una de las principales tribus de la confederación de los Cuatro Oirates. También se les conocía como los Eleuths u Ööled, del eufemismo de la dinastía Qing para la odiosa palabra zúngaro y también se les llamaba calmucos. En 2010, 15 520 personas reclamaron la ascendencia de los "Ööled" en Mongolia. Un número desconocido también vive en China, Rusia y Kazajistán. (es) Le nom de Dzoungars ou Züüngars (mongol : ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠭᠠᠷ, VPMC : jegün ɣar, cyrillique : Зүүнгар, MNS : züüngar littéralement : main gauche ou main orientale ou encore bras gauche ou bras oriental), également parfois nommés Tchoros (l'un de ses clans), fait référence aux tribus mongoles (parmi les tribus Oïrats) qui formèrent et peuplèrent ce qu'on appela après leur arrivée la Dzoungarie, région située entre l'Altaï et le Tian Shan, actuellement en territoire chinois, aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. Historiquement, ils ont été l'une des principales tribus de la confédération des Quatre Oïrats. Dzoungar, le "bras gauche", sont les Mongols occidentaux (zuun signifiant pourtant à la fois gauche et oriental).Ils sont appelés ainsi par opposition aux Mongols orientaux, également appelés les Baruungar (mongol : ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠭᠠᠷ, cyrillique : баруун гар) ou bras droits, baruun, signifiant pourtant à la fois droit et occidental . En 2010, 15 520 personnes ont affirmé être d'ascendance « Ööled » (oïrat) en Mongolie. Un nombre inconnu de descendants Dzoungars vivent également en Chine, en Russie et au Kazakhstan. (fr) Suku Dzungar, sering juga ditulis Zunghar (harfiah züüngar, dari bahasa Mongolia yang berarti "tangan kiri"), merujuk pada beberapa suku Oirat yang membentuk dan mempertahankan Kekhanan Zunghar pada abad ke-17 dan ke-18. Secara historis mereka adalah salah satu suku utama dari konfederasi dan sering juga disebut Eleuths atau Ööled, dari eufemisme dinasti Qing untuk kata yang tidak disukai yaitu "Dzungar" dan mereka dinamakan juga "Kalmuk". Pada tahun 2010, ada 15.520 orang yang mengklaim sebagai keturunan "Ööled" di Mongolia. Tidak diketahui berapa banyak yang tinggal di Tiongkok, Rusia, dan Kazakhstan. (in) Zungari (in mongolo: Зүүнгар, Zùùngar pron. Züüngar; kazako: Жоңғар) o Dzungar (anche Djungar, Zungar) oppure Ölôd, Ôôld (mongolo: Өөлд) è il nome collettivo di diverse tribù di pastori nomadi di etnia ojrad (o mongoli occidentali) che costituì e resse l'ultimo degli imperi nomadi asiatici tra l'inizio del XVII secolo e la metà del XVIII secolo. (it) De Dzjoengaren, Tsoengaren of Juun Ghar waren een stam van de Oirat-Mongolen. Vanaf de 17e eeuw begonnen ze een ontwikkeling, die in de 18e eeuw tot de staat Dzjoengarije leidde. Die staat was een rivaal van Rusland, maar vooral van China. Even na het midden van de 18e eeuw werd Dzjoengarije vernietigd door keizer Qianlong van de Qing-dynastie. Het grootste deel van het Dzjoengaarse volk werd daarbij geëlimineerd. (nl) Джунга́ры (зюнгары, зюнгарцы, зенгоры, цзюнгары, чжунгары; монг. зүүн гар, калм. зүн һар) — ойратское племя, также название под которым подразумевается поздний союз ойратских племён или ойратское население Джунгарского ханства. (ru) 准噶尔（蒙古语：ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ，鲍培转写：jegün ɣar，西里尔字母：Зүүнгар ，意为“左手”），是卫拉特蒙古的一支。准噶尔部於17世纪到18世纪統治天山南北，建立人類史上最后一個游牧帝国—准噶尔汗国，奉藏传佛教為國教並对西藏有影响力，其疆域西起巴尔喀什湖、北越阿尔泰山、东達吐鲁番、西南至楚河、塔拉斯河一帶。18世纪末被大清帝國摧毀，其遺民更遭屠滅殆盡，倖存者附牧于赛音诺颜，曰额鲁特；或附牧于青海者，曰绰罗斯。 (zh) |
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| dbp:lang | Kazakh (en) |
| dbp:lang1Content | Jońǵar (en) Жоңғар (en) جوڭگار (en) |
| dbp:mon | Зүүнгар, (en) |
| dbp:mong | ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠭᠠᠷ (en) |
| dbp:p | Zhǔngá'ěr (en) |
| dbp:s | 准噶尔 (en) |
| dbp:t | 準噶爾 (en) |
| dbp:w | Chun3-ka2-'erh3 (en) |
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| dcterms:subject | dbc:Oirats |
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| rdfs:comment | Džúngarové, též Džúngaři, (mongolsky Өөлд Ööld) je západomongolský (ojratský) historický národ, z něhož přežívají kmeny žijící v Číně a Mongolsku.Celkově se počet Džúngarů odhaduje na 34 tisíc, z toho 25 tisíc žije v Číně (sčítání 1999) a 9 tisíc v Mongolsku. Náboženstvím jsou Džúngarové buddhisty školy Gelugpa. (cs) The name Dzungar people, also written as Zunghar (literally züün'gar, from the Mongolian for "left hand"), referred to the several Mongol Oirat tribes who formed and maintained the Dzungar Khanate in the 17th and 18th centuries. Historically they were one of major tribes of the Four Oirat confederation. They were also known as the Eleuths or Ööled, from the Qing dynasty euphemism for the hated word "Dzungar" and also called "Kalmyks". In 2010, 15,520 people claimed "Ööled" ancestry in Mongolia. An unknown number also live in China, Russia and Kazakhstan. (en) Zúngaro ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠭᠠᠷ (en mongol, Зүүнгар, literalmente mano izquierda, pronunciación ʑwʊɴˈʁɑɾ) (en chino tradicional, 準噶爾; en chino simplificado, 准噶尔; pinyin, Zhǔngá'ěr; literalmente, ‘züüngar’) es el nombre que se refiere a varias tribus oirates que formaron y mantuvieron el kanato de Zungaria en los siglos XVII y XVIII. Los zúngaros históricamente fueron una de las principales tribus de la confederación de los Cuatro Oirates. También se les conocía como los Eleuths u Ööled, del eufemismo de la dinastía Qing para la odiosa palabra zúngaro y también se les llamaba calmucos. En 2010, 15 520 personas reclamaron la ascendencia de los "Ööled" en Mongolia. Un número desconocido también vive en China, Rusia y Kazajistán. (es) Suku Dzungar, sering juga ditulis Zunghar (harfiah züüngar, dari bahasa Mongolia yang berarti "tangan kiri"), merujuk pada beberapa suku Oirat yang membentuk dan mempertahankan Kekhanan Zunghar pada abad ke-17 dan ke-18. Secara historis mereka adalah salah satu suku utama dari konfederasi dan sering juga disebut Eleuths atau Ööled, dari eufemisme dinasti Qing untuk kata yang tidak disukai yaitu "Dzungar" dan mereka dinamakan juga "Kalmuk". Pada tahun 2010, ada 15.520 orang yang mengklaim sebagai keturunan "Ööled" di Mongolia. Tidak diketahui berapa banyak yang tinggal di Tiongkok, Rusia, dan Kazakhstan. (in) Zungari (in mongolo: Зүүнгар, Zùùngar pron. Züüngar; kazako: Жоңғар) o Dzungar (anche Djungar, Zungar) oppure Ölôd, Ôôld (mongolo: Өөлд) è il nome collettivo di diverse tribù di pastori nomadi di etnia ojrad (o mongoli occidentali) che costituì e resse l'ultimo degli imperi nomadi asiatici tra l'inizio del XVII secolo e la metà del XVIII secolo. (it) De Dzjoengaren, Tsoengaren of Juun Ghar waren een stam van de Oirat-Mongolen. Vanaf de 17e eeuw begonnen ze een ontwikkeling, die in de 18e eeuw tot de staat Dzjoengarije leidde. Die staat was een rivaal van Rusland, maar vooral van China. Even na het midden van de 18e eeuw werd Dzjoengarije vernietigd door keizer Qianlong van de Qing-dynastie. Het grootste deel van het Dzjoengaarse volk werd daarbij geëlimineerd. (nl) Джунга́ры (зюнгары, зюнгарцы, зенгоры, цзюнгары, чжунгары; монг. зүүн гар, калм. зүн һар) — ойратское племя, также название под которым подразумевается поздний союз ойратских племён или ойратское население Джунгарского ханства. (ru) 准噶尔（蒙古语：ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ，鲍培转写：jegün ɣar，西里尔字母：Зүүнгар ，意为“左手”），是卫拉特蒙古的一支。准噶尔部於17世纪到18世纪統治天山南北，建立人類史上最后一個游牧帝国—准噶尔汗国，奉藏传佛教為國教並对西藏有影响力，其疆域西起巴尔喀什湖、北越阿尔泰山、东達吐鲁番、西南至楚河、塔拉斯河一帶。18世纪末被大清帝國摧毀，其遺民更遭屠滅殆盡，倖存者附牧于赛音诺颜，曰额鲁特；或附牧于青海者，曰绰罗斯。 (zh) Le nom de Dzoungars ou Züüngars (mongol : ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠭᠠᠷ, VPMC : jegün ɣar, cyrillique : Зүүнгар, MNS : züüngar littéralement : main gauche ou main orientale ou encore bras gauche ou bras oriental), également parfois nommés Tchoros (l'un de ses clans), fait référence aux tribus mongoles (parmi les tribus Oïrats) qui formèrent et peuplèrent ce qu'on appela après leur arrivée la Dzoungarie, région située entre l'Altaï et le Tian Shan, actuellement en territoire chinois, aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. Historiquement, ils ont été l'une des principales tribus de la confédération des Quatre Oïrats. (fr) |
| rdfs:label | Džúngarové (cs) Ĝungaroj (eo) Zúngaros (es) Dzungar people (en) Suku Dzungar (in) Zungari (it) Dzoungars (fr) Dzjoengaren (nl) Джунгары (ru) 准噶尔部 (zh) |
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| is dbp:strength of | dbr:Chinese_expedition_to_Tibet_(1720) |
| is dbp:target of | dbr:Dzungar_genocide |
| is rdfs:seeAlso of | dbr:Kalmyks |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Dzungar_people |
