Knight's fee (original) (raw)
Лицарська плата (англ. Knight's fee) — наділ землі достатній для підтримки лицаря в англо-нормандських Англії та Ірландії епохи феодалізму. Призначався як для власних потреб, утримання зброєносців та слуг, так і як засіб для забезпечення себе та підлеглого підрозділу кіньми та обладунками для участі у військових діях.
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| dbo:abstract | Die Knight’s fee (lateinisch feodum militis) ist eine mittelalterliche Einheit, die in England und der Normandie beschrieb, wie viel ein zum Lehen genommenes Stück Land wert war bzw. welche Steuer dafür gezahlt werden musste. Als Knight’s fee wird auch dieser besondere Typ des Lehens bezeichnet. Eine solche Gebühr diente als Ersatz für die anfangs üblichen Kriegsdienste. Je nach dem Wert der Ländereien konnte sie 1/5 einer Knight’s fee, aber auch 5 Knight’s fees betragen. Um 1200 betrug eine Knight’s fee ca. 20 £ im Jahr. Ein freier Bauer, der für seine Feldarbeit bezahlt wurde, verdiente etwa 1/5 dieser Summe. Der Seigneur von Sark, einer Kanalinsel, deren Regierungssystem sich noch heute stark an die Ordnung von ca. 1600 anlehnt, ist zur Verteidigung der Insel sowie zur Zahlung eines Zwanzigstels der Knight’s fee verpflichtet. Er zahlt jährlich £1,79, was heute ca. 2,04 € bzw. 2,34 Fr. entspricht (Stand: Juli 2011). (de) In feudal Anglo-Norman England and Ireland, a knight's fee was a unit measure of land deemed sufficient to support a knight. Of necessity, it would not only provide sustenance for himself, his family, and servants, but also the means to furnish himself and his retinue with horses and armour to fight for his overlord in battle. It was effectively the size of a fee (or "fief" which is synonymous with "fee") sufficient to support one knight in the ongoing performance of his feudal duties (knight-service). A knight's fee cannot be stated as a standard number of acres as the required acreage to produce a given crop or revenue would vary depending on many factors, including its location, the richness of its soil and the local climate, as well as the presence of other exploitable resources such as fish-weirs, quarries of rock or mines of minerals. If a knight's fee is deemed co-terminous with a manor, an average size would be between 1,000 and 5,000 acres, of which much in early times was still "waste", forest and uncultivated moorland. (en) Nel sistema feudale anglo-normanno del Regno d'Inghilterra e del Regno d'Irlanda la knight's fee era un'unità di misura agraria. Un'unità era ritenuta sufficiente a generare l'introito necessario per sopperire alle necessità di un cavaliere. Tale necessità includeva il sostentamento necessario allo stesso cavaliere, alla sua famiglia, ai bisogni suoi e dei suoi servitori, ma anche i mezzi per fornire a se stesso e al suo seguito i cavalli e le armature per combattere per il suo signore in battaglia. Era effettivamente la dimensione di una tassa (o "feudo" che è sinonimo di "tassa") sufficiente per supportare un cavaliere nell'esecuzione dei suoi doveri feudali (servizio di cavaliere). La knight's fee non può essere convertita in un numero standard di acri poiché la superficie richiesta per produrre una determinata quantità di raccolto, e quindi una determinata quantità di reddito, variava a seconda di molti fattori, tra cui la posizione del fondo agricolo, la ricchezza del suo suolo e il clima locale, nonché la presenza di altre risorse sfruttabili come , cave di roccia e miniere. Se la knight's fee fosse considerata congiunturale a un maniero, una dimensione media sarebbe compresa tra 1000 e i 5000 acri, di cui molti all'inizio erano ancora incolti, oppure coperti da bosco o brughiera. (it) Лицарська плата (англ. Knight's fee) — наділ землі достатній для підтримки лицаря в англо-нормандських Англії та Ірландії епохи феодалізму. Призначався як для власних потреб, утримання зброєносців та слуг, так і як засіб для забезпечення себе та підлеглого підрозділу кіньми та обладунками для участі у військових діях. (uk) |
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| rdfs:comment | Лицарська плата (англ. Knight's fee) — наділ землі достатній для підтримки лицаря в англо-нормандських Англії та Ірландії епохи феодалізму. Призначався як для власних потреб, утримання зброєносців та слуг, так і як засіб для забезпечення себе та підлеглого підрозділу кіньми та обладунками для участі у військових діях. (uk) Die Knight’s fee (lateinisch feodum militis) ist eine mittelalterliche Einheit, die in England und der Normandie beschrieb, wie viel ein zum Lehen genommenes Stück Land wert war bzw. welche Steuer dafür gezahlt werden musste. Als Knight’s fee wird auch dieser besondere Typ des Lehens bezeichnet. (de) In feudal Anglo-Norman England and Ireland, a knight's fee was a unit measure of land deemed sufficient to support a knight. Of necessity, it would not only provide sustenance for himself, his family, and servants, but also the means to furnish himself and his retinue with horses and armour to fight for his overlord in battle. It was effectively the size of a fee (or "fief" which is synonymous with "fee") sufficient to support one knight in the ongoing performance of his feudal duties (knight-service). A knight's fee cannot be stated as a standard number of acres as the required acreage to produce a given crop or revenue would vary depending on many factors, including its location, the richness of its soil and the local climate, as well as the presence of other exploitable resources such a (en) Nel sistema feudale anglo-normanno del Regno d'Inghilterra e del Regno d'Irlanda la knight's fee era un'unità di misura agraria. Un'unità era ritenuta sufficiente a generare l'introito necessario per sopperire alle necessità di un cavaliere. Tale necessità includeva il sostentamento necessario allo stesso cavaliere, alla sua famiglia, ai bisogni suoi e dei suoi servitori, ma anche i mezzi per fornire a se stesso e al suo seguito i cavalli e le armature per combattere per il suo signore in battaglia. Era effettivamente la dimensione di una tassa (o "feudo" che è sinonimo di "tassa") sufficiente per supportare un cavaliere nell'esecuzione dei suoi doveri feudali (servizio di cavaliere). La knight's fee non può essere convertita in un numero standard di acri poiché la superficie richiesta per (it) |
| rdfs:label | Knight’s fee (de) Knight's fee (it) Knight's fee (en) Лицарська плата (uk) |
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