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Das politische System Islands ist eine parlamentarische Republik. Das wichtigste Gesetzeswerk stellt die isländische Verfassung dar. Die Legislative bildet das Althing, die Exekutive der Präsident und die Regierung. Das Staatsoberhaupt ist der Präsident, er wird direkt vom Volk gewählt. Die eigentlichen Regierungsgeschäfte führt der isländische Premierminister. Die Judikative ist zweistufig ausgebildet. Die untere Ebene bilden die Bezirksgerichte, die obere Ebene das Obergericht Hæstiréttur, der oberste Gerichtshof, das auch als Verfassungsgericht fungiert. Island erreichte auf dem Demokratieindex 2020 der Zeitschrift The Economist den 2. Platz. (de) La forma de gobierno de Islandia es la de república parlamentaria. La actual república se proclamó el 17 de junio de 1944. Desde el 1 de diciembre de 1918, y hasta ese día, Islandia había sido un estado soberano bajo la corona danesa. Tras el referéndum constitucional celebrado en mayo de ese año, ocurrido mientras Dinamarca se encontraba ocupada por Alemania, se aprobó la independencia definitiva. El parlamento islandés, llamado Althing, fue creado en el año 930, por lo que se lo considera el más antiguo del mundo. La sede del gobierno se encuentra en la capital, Reikiavik. (es) The politics of Iceland take place in the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the president is the head of state, while the prime minister of Iceland serves as the head of government in a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the parliament, the Althingi. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. Iceland is arguably the world's oldest assembly democracy, and has been rated as a "full democracy" in 2021. (en) La politique en Islande donne le détail du mode d'administration de l'Islande. L'Islande a un système multipartisme, avec de nombreux partis qui ont souvent peu de chance d'arriver au pouvoir seul et doivent ainsi former des gouvernements de coalition. Le Parti de l’indépendance et le Parti du progrès, tous deux situés à droite, ont exercé le pouvoir sans discontinuer de 1926 à 2009. (fr) Il governo dell'Islanda si svolge in un contesto di una Repubblica con un sistema parlamentare di democrazia rappresentativa. Il Presidente dell'Islanda è il capo dello Stato, mentre il Primo ministro dell'Islanda è il capo del Governo in un sistema multipartitico. Il potere esecutivo è esercitato dal governo, il potere legislativo è acquisito sia dal Governo che dal Parlamento, chiamato Althing. Il potere giudiziario è indipendente. (it) De regering van IJsland (Ríkisstjórn Íslands) bestaat uit de premier van IJsland samen met de ministers. De grondwet van IJsland bepaalt dat de regering samen met de president (het staatshoofd) de uitvoerende macht van het land vormt. (nl) Islandia jest republiką. (pl) A Política da Islândia tem lugar num quadro de uma república democrática representativa parlamentar, segundo o qual a Primeira-ministra da Islândia é a chefe de governo, e de um sistema multi-partidário. O poder executivo é exercido pelo governo. O poder legislativo é exercido pelo governo e o parlamento, o Althing. O poder judiciário é independente dos poderes executivo e legislativo. (pt) Исландия по форме государственного устройства является парламентской республикой. (ru) 冰島是一個議會民主制國家，冰島總統是冰島的國家元首，冰島總理則是冰島的政府首腦。冰島是世界上歷史最古老的議會民主制國家之一。行政權由冰島政府行使，立法權由冰島國會行使，司法機構則獨立於立法機構和行政機構之外。 (zh) |
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La forma de gobierno de Islandia es la de república parlamentaria. La actual república se proclamó el 17 de junio de 1944. Desde el 1 de diciembre de 1918, y hasta ese día, Islandia había sido un estado soberano bajo la corona danesa. Tras el referéndum constitucional celebrado en mayo de ese año, ocurrido mientras Dinamarca se encontraba ocupada por Alemania, se aprobó la independencia definitiva. El parlamento islandés, llamado Althing, fue creado en el año 930, por lo que se lo considera el más antiguo del mundo. La sede del gobierno se encuentra en la capital, Reikiavik. (es) The politics of Iceland take place in the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the president is the head of state, while the prime minister of Iceland serves as the head of government in a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the parliament, the Althingi. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. Iceland is arguably the world's oldest assembly democracy, and has been rated as a "full democracy" in 2021. (en) La politique en Islande donne le détail du mode d'administration de l'Islande. L'Islande a un système multipartisme, avec de nombreux partis qui ont souvent peu de chance d'arriver au pouvoir seul et doivent ainsi former des gouvernements de coalition. Le Parti de l’indépendance et le Parti du progrès, tous deux situés à droite, ont exercé le pouvoir sans discontinuer de 1926 à 2009. (fr) Il governo dell'Islanda si svolge in un contesto di una Repubblica con un sistema parlamentare di democrazia rappresentativa. Il Presidente dell'Islanda è il capo dello Stato, mentre il Primo ministro dell'Islanda è il capo del Governo in un sistema multipartitico. Il potere esecutivo è esercitato dal governo, il potere legislativo è acquisito sia dal Governo che dal Parlamento, chiamato Althing. Il potere giudiziario è indipendente. (it) De regering van IJsland (Ríkisstjórn Íslands) bestaat uit de premier van IJsland samen met de ministers. De grondwet van IJsland bepaalt dat de regering samen met de president (het staatshoofd) de uitvoerende macht van het land vormt. (nl) Islandia jest republiką. (pl) A Política da Islândia tem lugar num quadro de uma república democrática representativa parlamentar, segundo o qual a Primeira-ministra da Islândia é a chefe de governo, e de um sistema multi-partidário. O poder executivo é exercido pelo governo. O poder legislativo é exercido pelo governo e o parlamento, o Althing. O poder judiciário é independente dos poderes executivo e legislativo. (pt) Исландия по форме государственного устройства является парламентской республикой. (ru) 冰島是一個議會民主制國家，冰島總統是冰島的國家元首，冰島總理則是冰島的政府首腦。冰島是世界上歷史最古老的議會民主制國家之一。行政權由冰島政府行使，立法權由冰島國會行使，司法機構則獨立於立法機構和行政機構之外。 (zh) Das politische System Islands ist eine parlamentarische Republik. Das wichtigste Gesetzeswerk stellt die isländische Verfassung dar. Die Legislative bildet das Althing, die Exekutive der Präsident und die Regierung. Das Staatsoberhaupt ist der Präsident, er wird direkt vom Volk gewählt. Die eigentlichen Regierungsgeschäfte führt der isländische Premierminister. Die Judikative ist zweistufig ausgebildet. Die untere Ebene bilden die Bezirksgerichte, die obere Ebene das Obergericht Hæstiréttur, der oberste Gerichtshof, das auch als Verfassungsgericht fungiert. (de) |
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