Minnesota Starvation Experiment (original) (raw)
Το ήταν ένα ιατρικό πείραμα που έγινε κατά την διάρκεια του Β' Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου. Σκοπός του πειράματος αυτού ήταν να βρει ο Αμερικάνικος Στρατός αποτελεσματικό τρόπο να αντιμετωπίσει τις λιμοκτονίες στην Ευρώπη.
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| dbo:abstract | Το ήταν ένα ιατρικό πείραμα που έγινε κατά την διάρκεια του Β' Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου. Σκοπός του πειράματος αυτού ήταν να βρει ο Αμερικάνικος Στρατός αποτελεσματικό τρόπο να αντιμετωπίσει τις λιμοκτονίες στην Ευρώπη. (el) Das Minnesota Starvation Experiment war ein 1944 an der University of Minnesota durchgeführtes medizinisches Experiment, das von dem Ernährungswissenschaftler Ancel Keys entwickelt und durchgeführt wurde, um die Auswirkungen des Verhungerns auf den menschlichen Organismus und möglichst effektive Gegenmaßnahmen zu erforschen. Der Versuch bestand darin, dass eine Gruppe von Kriegsdienstverweigerern sich unter Beobachtung über Monate freiwillig einer extremen Mangelernährung unterzog, um danach verschiedene Methoden der gesundheitlichen Wiederherstellung anzuwenden. (de) The Minnesota Starvation Experiment, also known as the Minnesota Semi-Starvation Experiment, the Minnesota Starvation-Recovery Experiment and the Starvation Study, was a clinical study performed at the University of Minnesota between November 19, 1944 and December 20, 1945. The investigation was designed to determine the physiological effects of severe and prolonged dietary restriction and the effectiveness of dietary rehabilitation strategies. The purpose of the study was twofold: first, to produce a definitive treatise on the physical and psychological effects of prolonged, famine-like semi-starvation on healthy men, as well as subsequent effectiveness of dietary rehabilitation from this condition and, second, to use the scientific results produced to guide the Allied relief assistance to famine victims in Europe and Asia at the end of World War II. It was recognized early in 1944 that millions of people were in grave danger of mass famine as a result of the conflict, and information was needed regarding the effects of semi-starvation—and the impact of various rehabilitation strategies—if postwar relief efforts were to be effective. The study was developed in coordination with the Civilian Public Service (CPS, 1941–1947) of conscientious objectors and the Selective Service System and used 36 men selected from a pool of over 200 CPS volunteers. The study was divided into four phases: A twelve-week baseline control phase; a 24-week starvation phase, causing each participant to lose an average of 25% of his pre-starvation body weight; and 2 recovery phases, in which various rehabilitative diets were tried. The first rehabilitative stage was restricted by eating 2,000-3,000 calories a day. The second rehab phase was unrestricted letting the subjects eat as much food as they would like. Preliminary pamphlets containing key results from the Minnesota Starvation Experiment were used by aid workers in Europe and Asia in the months after WWII. In 1950, Ancel Keys and colleagues published the results in a two-volume, 1,385 page text entitled The Biology of Human Starvation (University of Minnesota Press). This study was independent of the much broader Warsaw Ghetto Hunger Study performed in 1942 in the Warsaw Ghetto by 28 doctors of The Jewish Hospital in Warsaw. Their results were published in 1946. (en) ミネソタ飢餓実験（ミネソタきがじっけん）は、1944年11月19日から1945年12月20日まで、ミネソタ大学で行われた臨床研究である。ミネソタ半飢餓実験、ミネソタ飢餓回復実験および飢餓研究という呼び名でも知られる。調査は、重度および長期の食事制限の生理学的および心理学的影響と、食事リハビリ戦略の有効性を決定するように設計された。 (ja) |
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| rdfs:comment | Το ήταν ένα ιατρικό πείραμα που έγινε κατά την διάρκεια του Β' Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου. Σκοπός του πειράματος αυτού ήταν να βρει ο Αμερικάνικος Στρατός αποτελεσματικό τρόπο να αντιμετωπίσει τις λιμοκτονίες στην Ευρώπη. (el) Das Minnesota Starvation Experiment war ein 1944 an der University of Minnesota durchgeführtes medizinisches Experiment, das von dem Ernährungswissenschaftler Ancel Keys entwickelt und durchgeführt wurde, um die Auswirkungen des Verhungerns auf den menschlichen Organismus und möglichst effektive Gegenmaßnahmen zu erforschen. Der Versuch bestand darin, dass eine Gruppe von Kriegsdienstverweigerern sich unter Beobachtung über Monate freiwillig einer extremen Mangelernährung unterzog, um danach verschiedene Methoden der gesundheitlichen Wiederherstellung anzuwenden. (de) ミネソタ飢餓実験（ミネソタきがじっけん）は、1944年11月19日から1945年12月20日まで、ミネソタ大学で行われた臨床研究である。ミネソタ半飢餓実験、ミネソタ飢餓回復実験および飢餓研究という呼び名でも知られる。調査は、重度および長期の食事制限の生理学的および心理学的影響と、食事リハビリ戦略の有効性を決定するように設計された。 (ja) The Minnesota Starvation Experiment, also known as the Minnesota Semi-Starvation Experiment, the Minnesota Starvation-Recovery Experiment and the Starvation Study, was a clinical study performed at the University of Minnesota between November 19, 1944 and December 20, 1945. The investigation was designed to determine the physiological effects of severe and prolonged dietary restriction and the effectiveness of dietary rehabilitation strategies. (en) |
| rdfs:label | Minnesota Starvation Experiment (de) Πείραμα Λιμοκτονίας της Μινεσσότα (el) Minnesota Starvation Experiment (en) ミネソタ飢餓実験 (ja) |
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