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علي بن شهاب الدين حسن بن محمد الحسيني الهمذاني المعروف باسم ابن شهاب الهمداني المسعودي (714 - 786 هـ / 1314 - 1384 م) هو عالم إيراني وشاعر وقديس صوفي مسلم من الطريقة الكبروية من أهل خراسان. ولد في مدينة همدان بإيران وبشر بالإسلام في وسط وجنوب آسيا أثناء سفره لممارسة الصوفية. توفي في ولاية خاتلون، طاجيكستان عام 1384 عن عمر يناهز 69-70 عامًا. كان يخاطب الحمداني بلفظ تشريف طوال حياته باسم شاه حمدان (ملك همدان) ، وأمير كبير (القائد العظيم) ، وعلي ساني (علي الثاني). (ar) Sayyid Ali Hamadani (persisch میر سید علی همدانی Mīr Seyyed ʿAlī Ḥamdānī, geb. 1314 Hamadan; gest. 1384) war ein islamischer Mystiker persischer Abstammung und ein Mitglied der Tariqa Kubrawiyya. Hamadani stammte aus einer vornehmen Familie und genoss während seiner Jugend eine sufische Erziehung. Später reiste er viel, von Persien, Chorasan, Afghanistan, Irak bis nach Sri Lanka. Im Jahr 1379 erreichte er Kaschmir. Der Überlieferung nach traf er dort mit einer Gefolgschaft von siebenhundert Anhängern ein. Da dieses Gebiet erst kurz zuvor zum Islam bekehrt worden war, trug Hamadani weitgehend dazu bei, muslimisches Gedankengut in Kaschmir heimisch werden zu lassen. Hamadani verfasste verschiedene Kommentare zu religiösen und mystischen Werken, einschließlich Ibn Arabis Fusus al-hikam. Darüber hinaus schrieb er selbst zahlreiche Werke auf Arabisch und Persisch. Eine Chaneqah befindet sich ihm zu Ehren in Srinagar, die Anlage wurde auf den Grundmauern eines älteren hinduistischen Tempels errichtet. Der urs (Todestag eines Sufiheiligen) wird in dieser Stadt bis in die Gegenwart groß gefeiert. Nach dem Tod Hamadanis verlor die Kubrawiyya an Einfluss auf dem indischen Subkontinent und wurde im Laufe der Zeit von der Chishtiyya, Suhrawardiyya, Qadiriyya und ab etwa 1600 der Naqschbandīya verdrängt. Hamadani starb im heutigen Afghanistan, als er sich auf dem Weg von Srinagar nach Mekka beim Haddsch befand. Sein Grabmal wird in einem Mausoleum in Kulob (Tadschikistan) verehrt. Ein Museum dort zeigt Handschriften Hamadanis. (de) Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani (Persian: میر سید علی همدانی; c. 1312–1384 CE) was a Persian scholar, poet and a Sufi Muslim saint of the Kubrawiya order. He was born in Hamadan, Iran and preached Islam in Central Asia and Kashmir as he travelled to practice Sufism. He died in Kashmir and was buried in Khatlan, Tajikistan in 1384 CE, aged 71–72. Hamadani was also addressed honorifically throughout his life as the Shāh-e-Hamadān ("King of Hamadan"), Amīr-i Kabīr ("the Great Commander"), and Ali Sani ("second Ali"). (en) Мир Сайид Али бин Шихаб-уд-Дин Хамадани (перс. میر سید علی ابن شہاب الدین ہمدانی; тадж. Мир Сайид Алии Ҳамадонӣ ); родился в 1314 году, Хамадане — 1384 Куляб похоронен в Хатлоне, персидский философ суфий из тариката Кубравия, поэт, видный мусульманский ученый-теолог. Хамадани происходил из знатной семьи, в молодости получил суфийское образование. Он много путешествовал, по Персии, Хорасану, Афганистану, Ираку и Шри-Ланке. В 1379 году он достиг Кашмира. Согласно традиции, он прибыл туда со свитой из 700 последователей. Этот район недавно перешёл в ислам и Сайид Али Хамадани сыграл очень заметную роль в распространении ислама в Кашмире и оказал огромное влияние на культуру долины Кашмира. Имел большое влияние на творчество современников в Кашмире. Также известен как «шах Хамадан» («Король Хамадана», Иран) и как Амири — Кабир («Великий полководец»). Он написал несколько коротких работ по духовности и суфизму. Хамадани умер на территории современного Афганистана на пути из Сринагара в Мекку во время хаджа, и по его наставлению был похоронен последователями в Кулябе, современный Таджикистан. (ru) |
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علي بن شهاب الدين حسن بن محمد الحسيني الهمذاني المعروف باسم ابن شهاب الهمداني المسعودي (714 - 786 هـ / 1314 - 1384 م) هو عالم إيراني وشاعر وقديس صوفي مسلم من الطريقة الكبروية من أهل خراسان. ولد في مدينة همدان بإيران وبشر بالإسلام في وسط وجنوب آسيا أثناء سفره لممارسة الصوفية. توفي في ولاية خاتلون، طاجيكستان عام 1384 عن عمر يناهز 69-70 عامًا. كان يخاطب الحمداني بلفظ تشريف طوال حياته باسم شاه حمدان (ملك همدان) ، وأمير كبير (القائد العظيم) ، وعلي ساني (علي الثاني). (ar) Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani (Persian: میر سید علی همدانی; c. 1312–1384 CE) was a Persian scholar, poet and a Sufi Muslim saint of the Kubrawiya order. He was born in Hamadan, Iran and preached Islam in Central Asia and Kashmir as he travelled to practice Sufism. He died in Kashmir and was buried in Khatlan, Tajikistan in 1384 CE, aged 71–72. Hamadani was also addressed honorifically throughout his life as the Shāh-e-Hamadān ("King of Hamadan"), Amīr-i Kabīr ("the Great Commander"), and Ali Sani ("second Ali"). (en) Sayyid Ali Hamadani (persisch میر سید علی همدانی Mīr Seyyed ʿAlī Ḥamdānī, geb. 1314 Hamadan; gest. 1384) war ein islamischer Mystiker persischer Abstammung und ein Mitglied der Tariqa Kubrawiyya. Hamadani stammte aus einer vornehmen Familie und genoss während seiner Jugend eine sufische Erziehung. Später reiste er viel, von Persien, Chorasan, Afghanistan, Irak bis nach Sri Lanka. Im Jahr 1379 erreichte er Kaschmir. Der Überlieferung nach traf er dort mit einer Gefolgschaft von siebenhundert Anhängern ein. Da dieses Gebiet erst kurz zuvor zum Islam bekehrt worden war, trug Hamadani weitgehend dazu bei, muslimisches Gedankengut in Kaschmir heimisch werden zu lassen. (de) Мир Сайид Али бин Шихаб-уд-Дин Хамадани (перс. میر سید علی ابن شہاب الدین ہمدانی; тадж. Мир Сайид Алии Ҳамадонӣ ); родился в 1314 году, Хамадане — 1384 Куляб похоронен в Хатлоне, персидский философ суфий из тариката Кубравия, поэт, видный мусульманский ученый-теолог. Хамадани происходил из знатной семьи, в молодости получил суфийское образование. Он много путешествовал, по Персии, Хорасану, Афганистану, Ираку и Шри-Ланке. (ru) |
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