| dbo:abstract |
فسيفساء رحوب، والمعروفة أيضًا باسم نقش تل رحوف و باريتا الحدود، هي فسيفساء من أواخر القرن الثالث حتى السادس الميلادي. اكتُشفت في عام 1973 ، مُطعّمة على أرضية بهو أو مجاز كنيس قديم قرب تل رحوف، الذي يقع على بعد 4.5 كيلومترات (2.8 ميل) جنوب بيسان ونحو 6.5 كيلومترات (4.0 ميل) غرب نهر الأردن، تحتوي على أطول نص مكتوب مُكتشَف حتى الآن في أي فسيفساء في فلسطين، وأقدم نص تلمودي معروف. على خلاف اللوحات الفسيفسائية الأخرى الموجودة في المنطقة، تحتوي فسيفساء رحوب على القليل جدًا من التصاميم المزخرفة والأنماط المتناسقة، ولكنها فريدة من نوعها بسبب الكلام المنقوش عليها، الذي حاز على اهتمام العلماء بكونه من أهم المكتشفات المكتوبة في إسرائيل في القرن الماضي. يلقي نصه الضوء على الجغرافيا التاريخية (أسماء المواقع الجغرافية) لفلسطين خلال الفترات الرومانية والبيزنطية المتأخرة، وكذلك على الانقسامات الإثنية بين السكّان اليهود وغير اليهود في فلسطين في نفس الفترات، وعلاقتهم ببعضهم البعض، وعلى وجه التحديد يسلط الضوء على المنتجات الزراعية المزروعة، والقانون اليهودي الذي ينظم التعامل مع هذه المنتجات الزراعية في مناطق مختلفة. هذه المناطق الثمان هي: منطقة سكيثوبوليس (بيسان حديثًا)، وغور الأردن (أطول فقرة)، وسوسيتا (هيبوس)، والقرى المجاورة لها على الضفة الشرقية لبحيرة طبريا، ونوى (نافيه) في المقاطعة الرومانية العربية البترائية، وصور والمدن المجاورة لها من الجنوب، و«أرض إسرائيل» التي تم تناولها في ثاني أطول فقرة، تليها مدن بانياس الحولة وقيسارية ماريتيما، وتنتهي بالقرى بجوار سبسطية. يسعى النص من خلال تحديده لحدود أرض إسرائيل إلى ترسيخ الوضع القانوني للبلد في أجزائه المختلفة كما كان وقت عودة اليهود من السبي البابلي، وما إذا كانت المنتجات الزراعية المحلية التي يحصل عليها اليهود من يهود آخرين، أو من غير اليهود والسامريين، تعفى أو تلزم بالقيود المطبقة على منتجات السنة السابعة، وعلى المنتجات المشكوك فيها (دماي דמאי). تصف الفسيفساء أيضًا أنواعًا مختلفة من الفواكه والخضروات التي كانت تزرع في البلاد في ذلك الوقت، والقوانين التي كانت تُطبَّق حينها. (ar) The Mosaic of Reḥob, also known as the Tel Rehov inscription and Baraita of the Boundaries, is a late 3rd–6th century CE mosaic discovered in 1973, inlaid in the floor of the foyer or narthex of an ancient synagogue near Tel Rehov, 4.5 kilometers (2.8 mi) south of Beit She'an and about 6.5 kilometres (4.0 mi) west of the Jordan River, containing the longest written text hitherto discovered in any mosaic in the Land of Israel, and also the oldest known Talmudic text. Unlike other mosaics found in the region, the Reḥob mosaic has very little in the form of ornate design and symmetric patterns, but is unique due to its inscription, acclaimed by scholars to be one of the most important epigraphical findings discovered in Israel in the last century. Its text sheds invaluable light on the historical geography (toponymy) of Palestine during the Late Roman and Byzantine periods, as well as on Jewish and non-Jewish ethnographic divisions in Palestine for the same periods and their relation to one another, specifically, on agricultural produce cultivated by farmers, and the extent of Jewish law regulating the use of such farm products grown in different regions. These eight regions are: the area of Scythopolis (modern-day Beit She'an) and the Jordan valley (the longest paragraph), Susita (Hippos) and its neighbouring settlements on the east bank of the Sea of Galilee, Naveh (Nawā) in the Roman province of Arabia Petraea, Tyre and its neighbouring cities to the south, and the Land of Israel proper, dealt with in the second-longest paragraph, followed by the cities of Paneas and Caesarea, finishing with villages from the vicinity of Sebaste. By delineating the boundaries of the Land of Israel, it seeks to establish the legal status of the country in its various parts from the time of Israel's return from the Babylonian captivity, and whether or not local farm products acquired by Jews from other Jews, or from gentiles and Samaritans, are exempt or obligated in what concerns the laws of Seventh Year produce, and of demai produce. The mosaic also describes different kinds of fruits and vegetables that were cultivated in the country at the time, and the laws which applied to them at the time. (en) |
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http://hdl.huntington.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15150coll4/id/7145 https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=kp8LAAAAIAAJ https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft%7Ctitle=The https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp01conduoft%7Ctitle=The http://www.imj.org.il/en/ http://www.prenicea.net/doc4/40206-en-01.pdf http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx%3Fid=25158&mag_id=125%7Clanguage=en https://web.archive.org/web/20160818154311/http:/www.imj.org.il/journal/images/Fanny%20Vitto.pdf https://museum.imj.org.il/journal/archive/2015/images/Fanny%20Vitto.pdf https://faculty.biu.ac.il/~barilm/english/articles/abstracts/abstract0028.html https://archive.org/details/jaulnsurveyedfo00schugoog/page/n7/mode/2up%7Cyear=1888%7Clocation=London%7Cpublisher=Richard https://archive.org/details/randomhousewebs0newy https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=-CUAAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA412 https://www.academia.edu/1503534 https://www.academia.edu/2638692 https://archive.org/details/ACompendiousSyriacDictionary https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_DIgYKxhNNL8C%7Cfirst=A.%7Clast=Neubauer%7Cauthor-link=Adolf |
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Inscription of Tel Rehov (en) |
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Yaakov Sussmann, Shaul Lieberman, Fanny Vitto (en) |
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ca. late 3rd century CE (en) |
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Mosaic of Rehob, 6th-century Talmudic text (en) |
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dbr:Byzantine |
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Tell el-Farwana , Israel (en) |
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Mosaic of Rehob (en) |
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فسيفساء رحوب، والمعروفة أيضًا باسم نقش تل رحوف و باريتا الحدود، هي فسيفساء من أواخر القرن الثالث حتى السادس الميلادي. اكتُشفت في عام 1973 ، مُطعّمة على أرضية بهو أو مجاز كنيس قديم قرب تل رحوف، الذي يقع على بعد 4.5 كيلومترات (2.8 ميل) جنوب بيسان ونحو 6.5 كيلومترات (4.0 ميل) غرب نهر الأردن، تحتوي على أطول نص مكتوب مُكتشَف حتى الآن في أي فسيفساء في فلسطين، وأقدم نص تلمودي معروف. (ar) The Mosaic of Reḥob, also known as the Tel Rehov inscription and Baraita of the Boundaries, is a late 3rd–6th century CE mosaic discovered in 1973, inlaid in the floor of the foyer or narthex of an ancient synagogue near Tel Rehov, 4.5 kilometers (2.8 mi) south of Beit She'an and about 6.5 kilometres (4.0 mi) west of the Jordan River, containing the longest written text hitherto discovered in any mosaic in the Land of Israel, and also the oldest known Talmudic text. (en) |
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فسيفساء رحوب (ar) Mosaic of Rehob (en) |
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