Najm al-Din Kubra (original) (raw)
Abu-l-Jannab Àhmad ibn Úmar, conegut en àrab com Najm-ad-Din Kubrà o, en farsi, Najmuddín-e Kubrà (نجم‌الدین کبری, Najmuddīn-e Kubrā ) (1145-1220) fou un erudit persa, fundador de la tariqa dels , una de les confraries sufís principals de l'Àsia Central i el Khorasan, de la que en van derivar moltes d'altres. Va morir durant la conquesta mongola de Khwarizm i va deixar diverses obres breus però importants. Es creu que la seva confraria va ser substituïda pels cap al segle xv, però va continuar en alguns llocs i, almenys a Saktari, prop de Bukharà, encara operava a inicis del segle xviii.
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| dbo:abstract | Abu-l-Jannab Àhmad ibn Úmar, conegut en àrab com Najm-ad-Din Kubrà o, en farsi, Najmuddín-e Kubrà (نجم‌الدین کبری, Najmuddīn-e Kubrā ) (1145-1220) fou un erudit persa, fundador de la tariqa dels , una de les confraries sufís principals de l'Àsia Central i el Khorasan, de la que en van derivar moltes d'altres. Va morir durant la conquesta mongola de Khwarizm i va deixar diverses obres breus però importants. Es creu que la seva confraria va ser substituïda pels cap al segle xv, però va continuar en alguns llocs i, almenys a Saktari, prop de Bukharà, encara operava a inicis del segle xviii. (ca) نجم الدين الكبرى (540 - 618 هـ)، عالم متصوف من أهل خوارزم أوزبكستان، ومؤسس الطريقة الكبرويَّة الصوفية، قال عنه ابن نقطة: «هو شافعي، إمام في السنّة»، ووصفه الذهبي بأنّه: «الشيخ الإمام العلامة القدوة المحدّث الشهيد شيخ خراسان». (ar) Abū l-Dschannāb Ahmad ibn ʿUmar Nadschm ad-Dīn al-Kubrā (arabisch أبو الجناب أحمد بن عمر نجم الدين الكبرى, DMG Abū l-Ǧannāb Aḥmad ibn ʿUmar Naǧm ad-Dīn al-Kubrā geb. 1145 in Chiwa; gest. 1221 in Gurgandsch) war ein muslimischer Mystiker (siehe Sufismus) und der Gründer der Tariqa Kubrawiyya (Kubrawiyya-Derwisch-Orden). Sein Name leitet sich wahrscheinlich her von at-tammat al-kubra (die größte Heimsuchung), in Anlehnung an die Koran-Sure 79, Vers 34; dieser Name bezieht sich nach der Analyse des Orientalisten Fritz Meier auf Kubras Jugendjahre und ist ein Spitzname für seine starke intellektuelle Kraft. Unter den Chorasan-Sufis erhielt er den Ehrentitel: Schaich-i wali tarasch – also „der Heiligenschnitzer“, da viele seiner Schüler einen hohen geistigen Rang erlangt haben sollen. (de) Ahmad ibn 'Umar ibn Muhammad ibn 'Abdallah al-Sûfî al-Khiwaqî connu sous le de nom Najm al-Dîn Kubrâ et surnommé le « faiseur de saints » (walî tirâsh) est un maître soufi perse né en 1145-46 (540 de l'Hégire). Il est le fondateur de la confrérie Kubrâwiyya. (fr) Najm ad-Dīn Kubrà (Persian: نجم‌الدین کبری) was a 13th-century Khwarezmian Sufi from Khwarezm and the founder of the Kubrawiya, influential in the Ilkhanate and Timurid dynasty. His method, exemplary of a "golden age" of Sufi metaphysics, was related to the Illuminationism of Shahab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi as well as to Rumi's Shams Tabrizi. Kubra was born in 540/1145 and died in 618/1221. (en) Najm al-Din Kubrà Abū l-Jannāb Ahmad ibn Najm al-Dīn, detto Kubrà) (1145 – 1221) è stato un religioso e mistico sufi persiano. Mausoleo di Najm ad-Din al-Kubra Originario del Khwārizm, Najm al-Dīn abbandonò i suoi studi di teologia e seguì in Egitto l'insegnamento mistico di Rūzbihān al-Wazzān al-Misrī, discepolo di ma fu solo su esortazione di Bābā Faraj Tabrīzī che decise di adottare in pieno la vita da sufi. Operò con ‘Ammār ibn Yāsir al-Bidlīsī (m. 1200) e Ismā‘īl al-Qasrī (m. 1193) – discepoli entrambi di – che lo esortò a fondare una tariqa nelle sue terre d'origine. Qui egli fu un'attiva e premurosa guida per i suoi numerosi discepoli della Kubrawiyya, tanto da ricevere il soprannome di walī turāsh (patrono di santi). La sua riflessione mistica gli fece affrontare e approfondire le tematiche delle apparizioni e dei sogni premonitori, così come quelle relative alla natura dei "corpi sottili" (latā‘if) dell'uomo. Scrisse le Fawā'ih al-jamāl wa l-fawātih al-jalāl (Gli schiudimenti della Bellezza e i profumi della Maestà), la Risālat al-kha'if al-hā'im min lawmat al-lā'im e gli Usūl al-‘ashara, oltre a un Tafsīr (Commentario) coranico. Fedele alla sua indole Najm al-Din sarebbe morto resistendo con un gruppo di suoi discepoli ai Mongoli che avevano invaso la Corasmia e che, pure, lo avevano invitato ad allontanarsi dai luoghi che essi avevano investito con incontenibile impeto e durezza. (it) Наджм-ад-дин Абу-ль-Джаниб Ахмад ибн Умар аль-Хорезми известный как Наджм ад-дин аль-Кубра (араб. نجم الدين الكبرى; 1145, Хорезм — 1221, Ургенч) — персидский мистик и богослов, автор многочисленных философских и богословских трактатов, суфийский шейх и поэт, основатель тариката Кубравия. (ru) |
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| rdfs:comment | Abu-l-Jannab Àhmad ibn Úmar, conegut en àrab com Najm-ad-Din Kubrà o, en farsi, Najmuddín-e Kubrà (نجم‌الدین کبری, Najmuddīn-e Kubrā ) (1145-1220) fou un erudit persa, fundador de la tariqa dels , una de les confraries sufís principals de l'Àsia Central i el Khorasan, de la que en van derivar moltes d'altres. Va morir durant la conquesta mongola de Khwarizm i va deixar diverses obres breus però importants. Es creu que la seva confraria va ser substituïda pels cap al segle xv, però va continuar en alguns llocs i, almenys a Saktari, prop de Bukharà, encara operava a inicis del segle xviii. (ca) نجم الدين الكبرى (540 - 618 هـ)، عالم متصوف من أهل خوارزم أوزبكستان، ومؤسس الطريقة الكبرويَّة الصوفية، قال عنه ابن نقطة: «هو شافعي، إمام في السنّة»، ووصفه الذهبي بأنّه: «الشيخ الإمام العلامة القدوة المحدّث الشهيد شيخ خراسان». (ar) Abū l-Dschannāb Ahmad ibn ʿUmar Nadschm ad-Dīn al-Kubrā (arabisch أبو الجناب أحمد بن عمر نجم الدين الكبرى, DMG Abū l-Ǧannāb Aḥmad ibn ʿUmar Naǧm ad-Dīn al-Kubrā geb. 1145 in Chiwa; gest. 1221 in Gurgandsch) war ein muslimischer Mystiker (siehe Sufismus) und der Gründer der Tariqa Kubrawiyya (Kubrawiyya-Derwisch-Orden). Sein Name leitet sich wahrscheinlich her von at-tammat al-kubra (die größte Heimsuchung), in Anlehnung an die Koran-Sure 79, Vers 34; dieser Name bezieht sich nach der Analyse des Orientalisten Fritz Meier auf Kubras Jugendjahre und ist ein Spitzname für seine starke intellektuelle Kraft. Unter den Chorasan-Sufis erhielt er den Ehrentitel: Schaich-i wali tarasch – also „der Heiligenschnitzer“, da viele seiner Schüler einen hohen geistigen Rang erlangt haben sollen. (de) Ahmad ibn 'Umar ibn Muhammad ibn 'Abdallah al-Sûfî al-Khiwaqî connu sous le de nom Najm al-Dîn Kubrâ et surnommé le « faiseur de saints » (walî tirâsh) est un maître soufi perse né en 1145-46 (540 de l'Hégire). Il est le fondateur de la confrérie Kubrâwiyya. (fr) Najm ad-Dīn Kubrà (Persian: نجم‌الدین کبری) was a 13th-century Khwarezmian Sufi from Khwarezm and the founder of the Kubrawiya, influential in the Ilkhanate and Timurid dynasty. His method, exemplary of a "golden age" of Sufi metaphysics, was related to the Illuminationism of Shahab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi as well as to Rumi's Shams Tabrizi. Kubra was born in 540/1145 and died in 618/1221. (en) Наджм-ад-дин Абу-ль-Джаниб Ахмад ибн Умар аль-Хорезми известный как Наджм ад-дин аль-Кубра (араб. نجم الدين الكبرى; 1145, Хорезм — 1221, Ургенч) — персидский мистик и богослов, автор многочисленных философских и богословских трактатов, суфийский шейх и поэт, основатель тариката Кубравия. (ru) Najm al-Din Kubrà Abū l-Jannāb Ahmad ibn Najm al-Dīn, detto Kubrà) (1145 – 1221) è stato un religioso e mistico sufi persiano. Mausoleo di Najm ad-Din al-Kubra Originario del Khwārizm, Najm al-Dīn abbandonò i suoi studi di teologia e seguì in Egitto l'insegnamento mistico di Rūzbihān al-Wazzān al-Misrī, discepolo di ma fu solo su esortazione di Bābā Faraj Tabrīzī che decise di adottare in pieno la vita da sufi. Operò con ‘Ammār ibn Yāsir al-Bidlīsī (m. 1200) e Ismā‘īl al-Qasrī (m. 1193) – discepoli entrambi di – che lo esortò a fondare una tariqa nelle sue terre d'origine. (it) |
| rdfs:label | نجم الدين الكبرى (ar) Najm-ad-Din Kubra (ca) Nadschm ad-Dīn al-Kubrā (de) Najm al-Din Kubrà (it) Najm al-Dîn Kubrâ (fr) Najm al-Din Kubra (en) Наджм ад-дин Кубра (ru) |
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