Natchez revolt (original) (raw)
Der Natchez-Aufstand (engl. Natchez Rebellion, Natchez Uprising, auch Natchez War) war ein Aufstand der Natchez-Indianer gegen die französische Kolonialherrschaft in Louisiana im Jahre 1729. Der Aufstand, in dessen Verlauf die gesamte französische Siedlung im Fort Rosalie in Natchez zerstört wurde, mündete in lang anhaltende kriegerische Konflikte zwischen Franzosen und Indianern, die erst 1763 endgültig beigelegt wurden.
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| dbo:abstract | Der Natchez-Aufstand (engl. Natchez Rebellion, Natchez Uprising, auch Natchez War) war ein Aufstand der Natchez-Indianer gegen die französische Kolonialherrschaft in Louisiana im Jahre 1729. Der Aufstand, in dessen Verlauf die gesamte französische Siedlung im Fort Rosalie in Natchez zerstört wurde, mündete in lang anhaltende kriegerische Konflikte zwischen Franzosen und Indianern, die erst 1763 endgültig beigelegt wurden. (de) The Natchez revolt, or the Natchez massacre, was an attack by the Natchez Native American people on French colonists near present-day Natchez, Mississippi, on November 29, 1729. The Natchez and French had lived alongside each other in the Louisiana colony for more than a decade prior to the incident, mostly conducting peaceful trade and occasionally intermarrying. After a period of deteriorating relations and warring, Natchez leaders were provoked to revolt when the French colonial commandant, Sieur de Chépart, demanded land from a Natchez village for his own plantation near Fort Rosalie. The Natchez plotted their attack over several days and managed to conceal their plans from most of the French; colonists who overheard and warned Chépart of an attack were considered untruthful and were punished. In a coordinated attack on the fort and the homesteads, the Natchez killed almost all of the Frenchmen, while sparing most of the women and enslaved Africans. Approximately 230 colonists were killed overall, and the fort and homes were burned to the ground. When the French in New Orleans, the colonial capital, heard the news of the massacre, they feared a general Indian uprising and were concerned that the Natchez might have conspired with other tribes. They first responded by ordering a massacre of the Chaouacha people – who had played no role in the revolt – and wiped out their entire village. The French and their Choctaw allies then retaliated against the Natchez villages, capturing hundreds of Natchez and selling them into slavery, although many managed to escape to the north and take refuge among the Chickasaw people. The Natchez waged low-intensity warfare against the French over the following years, but retaliatory expeditions against Natchez refugees among the Chickasaw in 1730 and 1731 forced them to move on and live as refugees among the Creek and Cherokee tribes. By 1741, the Natchez had established a town in the northern parts of the Upper Creek Nation. There, with permission from the Abihka, they reconstituted their town and were signatories in the 1790 Treaty of New York and the 1796 Treaty of Colerain. They remain a constituent tribe of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation. The attack on Fort Rosalie destroyed some of the Louisiana colony's most productive farms and endangered shipments of food and trade goods on the Mississippi River. As a result, the French state returned control of Louisiana from the Company of the Indies to the crown in 1731, as the company had been having trouble running the colony. Louisiana governor Étienne Perier was held responsible for the massacre and its aftermath, and he was recalled to France in 1732. (en) La révolte des Natchez est un conflit ayant opposé, de 1729 à 1731, les Natchez et leurs alliés aux colons français de Louisiane. (fr) ナチェズの虐殺は、1729年11月29日、現在のミシシッピ州ナチェズで、ナチェズ族インディアンが、フランス人入植者に対して起こした奇襲である。インディアンたちは、この事件の何十年も前から、フランス人と共存し、友好的な交易や労働を行い、また、一部の入植者と結婚さえしていた。しかしながら、フランスの指揮官（Sieur de Chépart）が、の近くにある自らのプランテーションに、ナチェズの土地を組み入れたがっていたため、ナチェズの指導者たちはこれに怒りを募らせた。この奇襲で240人以上が命を落としたが、その大部分はフランス人入植者たちであり、ロザリー砦はその後荒れ果てた。 この虐殺により、ルイジアナでも大きな生産力を誇るプランテーションが一部破壊され、ミシシッピ川を行き来する食料の運搬船や交易船が危険にさらされた。結果として、当時のフランスはフランス西インド会社から、ルイジアナ経営を撤退させ、ルイジアナは1731年に本国の管轄に戻された。また、ルイジアナ総督の（Étienne de Perrier）は、1733年に本国に召還された。 (ja) Powstanie Naczezów 1729–1731 – indiańska rebelia plemienia Naczezów skierowana przeciwko francuskiej polityce kolonialnej w Luizjanie. Powstanie, w którego trakcie zniszczona została całkowicie francuska osada w Forcie Rosalie w Natchez, poprzedziło trwające wiele lat konflikty pomiędzy Indianami i Francuzami, których koniec nastąpił ostatecznie w roku 1763. (pl) Восстание натчезов (англ. Natchez revolt), также известное как Натчезские войны — серия вооружённых конфликтов между натчезами и французской колонией Луизиана, произошедшая с 1716 до 1731 год в основном на территории современного американского штата Миссисипи, и окончившаяся полным разгромом индейцев. Большинство выживших натчезов были либо порабощены французами, либо примкнули к другим индейским народам. Лишь в 1741 они смогли основать собственное поселение среди верхних криков. (ru) Повстання натчез — низка збройних конфліктів між індіанською конфедерацією та французькою колонією Луїзіана, що відбувалися з 1716 до 1730 року й завершилася поразкою індіанців. (uk) |
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| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://archive.org/details/indiansofgreater0000unse https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=my5L0Ek-UxUC&pg=PA10%7Cyear=1993%7Cpublisher=LSU https://archive.org/details/historychoctawc00cushgoog http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~gsayre/De%20Laye%20on%20Natchez%20massacre%20slation.htm http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~gsayre/LPDP.html http://www.natchezbelle.org/adams-ind/massacre.htm http://mshistorynow.mdah.state.ms.us/articles/35/french-colonial-period-in-mississippi http://public.gettysburg.edu/~tshannon/hist106web/site14/Tyler/The%20Natchez%20Massacre.htm https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=-fp4AAAAMAAJ%7Cyear=2008%7Cpublisher=%C3%89ditions https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=2pMqE2E63XgC&pg=PA25%7Cyear=2010%7Cpublisher=University https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=_SsVAAAAYAAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=aUBHP6EOJb8C&pg=PR6 https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=oA6weT8S0t8C&pg=PP13 https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=vf76REXe5GgC&pg=PP11 https://www.loc.gov/static/collections/louisiana-european-explorations-and-the-louisiana-purchase/images/lapurchase.pdf%7Caccess-date=May http://rla.unc.edu/personal/vps/articles/Steponaitis%20&%20Prickett%202017%20LaArch.pdf https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_o9YBAAAAMAAJ |
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| dbp:align | right (en) |
| dbp:alt | A photo of a green lawn with a single naked tree and water in the background (en) A black-and-white drawing of a fort and various small buildings on a bluff surrounded by trees above a river (en) |
| dbp:caption | View of the site of Fort Rosalie in 2006 (en) Fort Rosalie was destroyed in the 1729 massacre; its ruins now lie within Natchez National Historical Park. (en) |
| dbp:direction | vertical (en) |
| dbp:image | Fort_Rosalie_site.jpg (en) View of the Fort of the Natchez.jpg (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Der Natchez-Aufstand (engl. Natchez Rebellion, Natchez Uprising, auch Natchez War) war ein Aufstand der Natchez-Indianer gegen die französische Kolonialherrschaft in Louisiana im Jahre 1729. Der Aufstand, in dessen Verlauf die gesamte französische Siedlung im Fort Rosalie in Natchez zerstört wurde, mündete in lang anhaltende kriegerische Konflikte zwischen Franzosen und Indianern, die erst 1763 endgültig beigelegt wurden. (de) La révolte des Natchez est un conflit ayant opposé, de 1729 à 1731, les Natchez et leurs alliés aux colons français de Louisiane. (fr) ナチェズの虐殺は、1729年11月29日、現在のミシシッピ州ナチェズで、ナチェズ族インディアンが、フランス人入植者に対して起こした奇襲である。インディアンたちは、この事件の何十年も前から、フランス人と共存し、友好的な交易や労働を行い、また、一部の入植者と結婚さえしていた。しかしながら、フランスの指揮官（Sieur de Chépart）が、の近くにある自らのプランテーションに、ナチェズの土地を組み入れたがっていたため、ナチェズの指導者たちはこれに怒りを募らせた。この奇襲で240人以上が命を落としたが、その大部分はフランス人入植者たちであり、ロザリー砦はその後荒れ果てた。 この虐殺により、ルイジアナでも大きな生産力を誇るプランテーションが一部破壊され、ミシシッピ川を行き来する食料の運搬船や交易船が危険にさらされた。結果として、当時のフランスはフランス西インド会社から、ルイジアナ経営を撤退させ、ルイジアナは1731年に本国の管轄に戻された。また、ルイジアナ総督の（Étienne de Perrier）は、1733年に本国に召還された。 (ja) Powstanie Naczezów 1729–1731 – indiańska rebelia plemienia Naczezów skierowana przeciwko francuskiej polityce kolonialnej w Luizjanie. Powstanie, w którego trakcie zniszczona została całkowicie francuska osada w Forcie Rosalie w Natchez, poprzedziło trwające wiele lat konflikty pomiędzy Indianami i Francuzami, których koniec nastąpił ostatecznie w roku 1763. (pl) Восстание натчезов (англ. Natchez revolt), также известное как Натчезские войны — серия вооружённых конфликтов между натчезами и французской колонией Луизиана, произошедшая с 1716 до 1731 год в основном на территории современного американского штата Миссисипи, и окончившаяся полным разгромом индейцев. Большинство выживших натчезов были либо порабощены французами, либо примкнули к другим индейским народам. Лишь в 1741 они смогли основать собственное поселение среди верхних криков. (ru) Повстання натчез — низка збройних конфліктів між індіанською конфедерацією та французькою колонією Луїзіана, що відбувалися з 1716 до 1730 року й завершилася поразкою індіанців. (uk) The Natchez revolt, or the Natchez massacre, was an attack by the Natchez Native American people on French colonists near present-day Natchez, Mississippi, on November 29, 1729. The Natchez and French had lived alongside each other in the Louisiana colony for more than a decade prior to the incident, mostly conducting peaceful trade and occasionally intermarrying. After a period of deteriorating relations and warring, Natchez leaders were provoked to revolt when the French colonial commandant, Sieur de Chépart, demanded land from a Natchez village for his own plantation near Fort Rosalie. The Natchez plotted their attack over several days and managed to conceal their plans from most of the French; colonists who overheard and warned Chépart of an attack were considered untruthful and were p (en) |
| rdfs:label | Natchez-Aufstand (de) Révolte des Natchez (fr) ナチェズの虐殺 (ja) Natchez revolt (en) Powstanie Naczezów (1729–1731) (pl) Восстание натчезов (ru) Повстання натчез (uk) |
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