Niagara Escarpment (original) (raw)

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L´escarpement du Niagara ou escarpement de Niagara est un long escarpement ou cuesta aux États-Unis et Canada qui va de l'ouest de l'État de New York, traverse l'Ontario, le Michigan, le Wisconsin et l'Illinois. Il s'agit d'une formation géologique datant du Silurien. Cet escarpement est particulièrement célèbre grâce à la falaise par-dessus laquelle le Niagara forme les chutes du Niagara.

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dbo:abstract Die Niagara-Schichtstufe (englisch Niagara Escarpment) ist eine ausgedehnte Schichtstufe in den USA und in Kanada. Sie verläuft durch die Bundesstaaten New York, Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin und Illinois. Reliefbildend ist hartes Dolomitgestein, das von weicherem Schiefergestein unterlagert wird. Die Schichtstufe ist nach den Niagarafällen benannt. Im Februar 1990 wurde der in Kanada gelegene Anteil von der UNESCO zum Biosphärenreservat, dem „Niagara Escarpment Biosphere Reserve“, erklärt. Die Niagara-Schichtstufe ist die markanteste mehrerer Schichtstufen, deren Ausgangsmaterial sich überwiegend während der Silurzeit in einem Flachmeer, das im heutigen Bereich der Großen Seen bestand, auf dem präkambrischen Grundgebirge abgelagert hat. Diese Sedimentgesteinsabfolge wird in zahlreiche Formationen gegliedert. Das östliche Ende der Schichtstufe liegt östlich des Tals des Genesee River bei Rochester, New York. Von dort zieht sich die Schichtstufe zunächst in westlicher Richtung zum Niagara River, der nördlich der Niagarafälle die tiefe Niagara-Schlucht in den Dolomit geschnitten hat. In Südontario verläuft sie nahe dem Ufer des Ontariosees über die Niagara-Halbinsel, danach mitten durch die Stadt Hamilton und wendet sich anschließend nach Norden zur Georgian Bay. Sie folgt in Richtung Nordwesten dem Ufer des Huronsees und bildet dabei die Bruce-Halbinsel, die Insel Manitoulin und weitere Inseln. Anschließend setzt sich die Schichtstufe westwärts in Nordmichigan auf der Oberen Halbinsel fort, wendet sich in Richtung Südwesten, folgt der Door-Halbinsel und dem Westufer des Michigansees. Ihr westliches Ende liegt nördlich von Chicago. Westlich von Caledon grenzt die aus östlicher Richtung kommende an die Niagara-Schichtstufe. (de) The Niagara Escarpment is a long escarpment, or cuesta, in Canada and the United States that runs predominantly east–west from New York through Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin, and into Illinois. The escarpment is most famous as the cliff over which the Niagara River plunges at Niagara Falls, for which it is named. The escarpment is a UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve. The reserve has the oldest forest ecosystem and trees in eastern North America. The escarpment is not a fault line but the result of unequal erosion. It is composed of an outcrop belt of the Lockport Formation of Silurian age, and is similar to the Onondaga Formation, which runs in a parallel outcrop belt just to the south, through western New York and southern Ontario. The escarpment is the most prominent of several escarpments formed in the bedrock of the Great Lakes Basin. From its easternmost point near Watertown, New York, the escarpment shapes in part the individual basins and landforms of Lake Ontario, Lake Huron, and Lake Michigan. In Rochester, New York, the Genesee River flows through the city in three waterfalls over the scarp face. The escarpment thence runs westward to the Niagara River, forming a deep gorge north of Niagara Falls, which itself cascades over the scarp face. In southern Ontario, it spans the Niagara Peninsula, closely following the Lake Ontario shore through the cities of St. Catharines and Hamilton, where it takes a sharp turn north in the town of Milton toward Georgian Bay. It then follows the Georgian Bay shore northwestwards to form the spine of the Bruce Peninsula and Manitoulin Island, as well as several smaller islands in northern Lake Huron, where it turns westwards into the Upper Peninsula of northern Michigan, south of Sault Ste. Marie. It extends down the Garden Peninsula and Potawatomi Islands into Wisconsin following the Door Peninsula and then continues more inland from the western coast of Lake Michigan until ending northwest of Chicago near the Wisconsin–Illinois border. (en) L´escarpement du Niagara ou escarpement de Niagara est un long escarpement ou cuesta aux États-Unis et Canada qui va de l'ouest de l'État de New York, traverse l'Ontario, le Michigan, le Wisconsin et l'Illinois. Il s'agit d'une formation géologique datant du Silurien. Cet escarpement est particulièrement célèbre grâce à la falaise par-dessus laquelle le Niagara forme les chutes du Niagara. (fr) Kuesta Niagary – wypiętrzenie pochodzenia erozyjnego w Ameryce Północnej w Krainie Wielkich Jezior. Rozpoczyna się w stanie Nowy Jork i przecina Ontario, a następnie obszary stanów Michigan i Wisconsin. Przez ten próg przelewają się wody rzeki Niagara tworząc wodospad. Kuesta stanowi rezerwat biosfery UNESCO. (pl) Ниагарский уступ (Ниагарский эскарп, англ. Niagara Escarpment) — это длинный уступ, или куэста, расположенный в США и Канаде, который проходит преимущественно в широтном направлении от северо-западной части штата Нью-Йорк через канадскую провинцию Онтарио и штаты Мичиган, Висконсин и Иллинойс. Уступ получил большую известность благодаря Ниагарскому водопаду, который образует река Ниагара, соединяющая озера Эри и Онтарио, при пересечении уступа. И хотя в одном только южном Онтарио пересекающие уступ реки и ручьи образуют десятки живописных водопадов, своё название уступ получил именно от Ниагарского водопада. Уступ является биосферным заповедником ЮНЕСКО всемирного значения. Это самая старая лесная экосистема на востоке Северной Америки, в которой растут самые старые деревья этого региона (например, самое старое дерево Онтарио датируется 688 г. н. э.). Эскарпмент состоит из формации Локпорт силурийского периода и похож на формацию Онондага, которая проходит параллельно и чуть южнее, через западный Нью-Йорк и южный Онтарио. Ниагарский уступ — самый выдающийся из нескольких уступов, образованных в коренных породах бассейна Великих озер. Уступ частично формирует отдельные бассейны и рельефы озёр Онтарио, Гурон и Мичиган. (ru) A escarpa do Niagara (em inglês: Niagara Escarpment) é uma longa escarpa ou cuesta nos Estados Unidos e Canadá que se estende numa direção predominantemente este-oeste entre o estado de Nova Iorque e o estado de Illinois, passando por Ontário, Michigan e Wisconsin. A escarpa é famosa no local onde o rio Niagara forma as . A escarpa integra o da UNESCO. É o mais antigo ecossistema florestal da parte oriental da América do Norte. A escarpa do Niagara é composta pela do Siluriano, e é semelhante à , que se estende paralelamente e a sul, através da região sul do estado de Nova Iorque e do sul de Ontário. A escarpa é a mais proeminente de várias escarpas formadas na rocha matriz da . Do seu ponto mais oriental perto de Watertown, a escarpa forma em parte as bacias individuais dos lagos Ontario, Huron e Michigan. Em Rochester, três quedas de água sobre a escarpa estão onde o corre pela cidade. A escarpa corre então para oeste até ao rio Niagara, formando um fundo desfiladeiro a norte das . No sul de Ontário, percorre a , seguindo de perto a costa do lago Ontario pelas cidade de , Hamilton e , onde faz uma curva apertada a norte de Milton até à baía Georgiana. Segue então a costa desta baía para noroeste até formar a espinha da península Bruce e a ilha Manitoulin, bem como outras ilhas menores no norte do lago Huron, virando então para oeste pela península Superior do norte do Michigan, a sul de Sault Ste. Marie. Estende-se então para sul pelo Wisconsin seguindo a península Door pelas e mais para o interior, da costa ocidental do lago Michigan e Milwaukee, terminando a noroeste de Chicago, perto da fronteira Wisconsin-Illinois. (pt) Ніагарський уступ (англ. Niagara Escarpment) — геологічна формація, довгий уступ (ескарп), або куеста в Канаді та Сполучених Штатах, що простягається вздовж озера Онтаріо через Ніагарський водоспад, Південне Онтаріо, через низку островів на озері Гурон, і далі через Мічиган і Вісконсин. Найвідомішим місцем, де Ніагарський уступ постає у всій своїй красі, є Ніагарський водоспад на однойменній річці, від яких уступ отримав свою назву. Ніагарський уступ простягається на 1609 км. На проміжку між Гамільтоном і Вотертауном (штат Нью-Йорк) його висоти коливаються від 183 м до 189 м над рівнем моря. (uk)
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rdfs:comment L´escarpement du Niagara ou escarpement de Niagara est un long escarpement ou cuesta aux États-Unis et Canada qui va de l'ouest de l'État de New York, traverse l'Ontario, le Michigan, le Wisconsin et l'Illinois. Il s'agit d'une formation géologique datant du Silurien. Cet escarpement est particulièrement célèbre grâce à la falaise par-dessus laquelle le Niagara forme les chutes du Niagara. (fr) Kuesta Niagary – wypiętrzenie pochodzenia erozyjnego w Ameryce Północnej w Krainie Wielkich Jezior. Rozpoczyna się w stanie Nowy Jork i przecina Ontario, a następnie obszary stanów Michigan i Wisconsin. Przez ten próg przelewają się wody rzeki Niagara tworząc wodospad. Kuesta stanowi rezerwat biosfery UNESCO. (pl) Ніагарський уступ (англ. Niagara Escarpment) — геологічна формація, довгий уступ (ескарп), або куеста в Канаді та Сполучених Штатах, що простягається вздовж озера Онтаріо через Ніагарський водоспад, Південне Онтаріо, через низку островів на озері Гурон, і далі через Мічиган і Вісконсин. Найвідомішим місцем, де Ніагарський уступ постає у всій своїй красі, є Ніагарський водоспад на однойменній річці, від яких уступ отримав свою назву. Ніагарський уступ простягається на 1609 км. На проміжку між Гамільтоном і Вотертауном (штат Нью-Йорк) його висоти коливаються від 183 м до 189 м над рівнем моря. (uk) Die Niagara-Schichtstufe (englisch Niagara Escarpment) ist eine ausgedehnte Schichtstufe in den USA und in Kanada. Sie verläuft durch die Bundesstaaten New York, Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin und Illinois. Reliefbildend ist hartes Dolomitgestein, das von weicherem Schiefergestein unterlagert wird. Die Schichtstufe ist nach den Niagarafällen benannt. Im Februar 1990 wurde der in Kanada gelegene Anteil von der UNESCO zum Biosphärenreservat, dem „Niagara Escarpment Biosphere Reserve“, erklärt. Westlich von Caledon grenzt die aus östlicher Richtung kommende an die Niagara-Schichtstufe. (de) The Niagara Escarpment is a long escarpment, or cuesta, in Canada and the United States that runs predominantly east–west from New York through Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin, and into Illinois. The escarpment is most famous as the cliff over which the Niagara River plunges at Niagara Falls, for which it is named. The escarpment is a UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve. The reserve has the oldest forest ecosystem and trees in eastern North America. (en) A escarpa do Niagara (em inglês: Niagara Escarpment) é uma longa escarpa ou cuesta nos Estados Unidos e Canadá que se estende numa direção predominantemente este-oeste entre o estado de Nova Iorque e o estado de Illinois, passando por Ontário, Michigan e Wisconsin. A escarpa é famosa no local onde o rio Niagara forma as . A escarpa integra o da UNESCO. É o mais antigo ecossistema florestal da parte oriental da América do Norte. (pt) Ниагарский уступ (Ниагарский эскарп, англ. Niagara Escarpment) — это длинный уступ, или куэста, расположенный в США и Канаде, который проходит преимущественно в широтном направлении от северо-западной части штата Нью-Йорк через канадскую провинцию Онтарио и штаты Мичиган, Висконсин и Иллинойс. Уступ получил большую известность благодаря Ниагарскому водопаду, который образует река Ниагара, соединяющая озера Эри и Онтарио, при пересечении уступа. И хотя в одном только южном Онтарио пересекающие уступ реки и ручьи образуют десятки живописных водопадов, своё название уступ получил именно от Ниагарского водопада. (ru)
rdfs:label Niagara Escarpment (en) Niagara-Schichtstufe (de) Escarpement du Niagara (fr) Escarpa do Niagara (pt) Kuesta Niagary (pl) Ниагарский уступ (ru) Ніагарський уступ (uk)
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dbr:Lion's_Head_Provincial_Park dbr:Lockport_(city),_New_York dbr:Lockport_(town),_New_York dbr:Maltbie_Davenport_Babcock dbr:Calumet_County,_Wisconsin dbr:Calumet_County_Parks dbr:Short_Hills_Provincial_Park dbr:Simcoe_County dbr:Sixteen_Mile_Creek_(Halton_Region) dbr:Sixteen_Mile_Creek_(Niagara_Region) dbr:Steeles_Avenue dbr:Stoney_Creek,_Ontario dbr:Clinton_Group dbr:Fennell_Avenue_(Hamilton,_Ontario) dbr:Fruitland,_Ontario dbr:Hamilton_East—Stoney_Creek dbr:Hamilton_East—Stoney_Creek_(provincial_electoral_district) dbr:Hamilton_Mountain_(electoral_district) dbr:Hamilton_Mountain_(provincial_electoral_district) dbr:Hamilton_West_(Canadian_electoral_district) dbr:Horseshoe_Moraine dbr:Magnesian_Escarpment dbr:Sydenham_River_(Lake_Huron) dbr:Table_Rock_Welcome_Centre dbr:Waterdown,_Ontario dbr:2000_Hamilton,_Ontario_municipal_election dbr:Brock_University dbr:Brockview,_St._Catharines dbr:Bruce_Peninsula dbr:Bruce_Peninsula_National_Park dbr:Burlington,_Ontario dbr:CHKX-FM dbr:CING-FM dbr:CJCL dbr:CJXY-FM dbr:CKLH-FM dbr:Central_Presbyterian_Church_(Hamilton,_Ontario) dbr:Toronto,_Grey_and_Bruce_Railway dbr:Toronto_waterfront dbr:Twelve_Mile_Creek_(Ontario) dbr:Twenty_Mile_Creek_(Ontario) dbr:Walter_Stadnick dbr:Wasaga_Beach dbr:Washington_Island,_Door_County,_Wisconsin dbr:Washington_Island_(Wisconsin) dbr:Wauwatosa,_Wisconsin dbr:Welland dbr:Welland_Canal dbr:Wiarton dbr:William_Hamilton_Merritt dbr:William_Southam dbr:Wisconsin dbr:Wisconsin_Islands_Wilderness dbr:Wisconsin_Ledge_AVA dbr:Gage_Avenue_(Hamilton,_Ontario) dbr:Garden_Peninsula dbr:Height_restriction_laws dbr:James_Durand dbr:John_DeCew dbr:Lannon_stone dbr:Lock_(water_navigation) dbr:Lockhart_Duff dbr:Adjala-Tosorontio dbr:Albion_Falls dbr:Ancaster,_Ontario dbr:Drummond_Township,_Michigan dbr:Dundas,_Ontario dbr:Dundas_District_Public_School dbr:Dundas_Street dbr:Dundas_Valley_Conservation_Area dbr:Dundas_station_(Dundas,_Ontario) dbr:Eagle_Bluff_Light dbr:Early_Lake_Erie dbr:Economy_of_Door_County,_Wisconsin dbr:Edith_Williams dbr:Eramosa_Karst dbr:Erie_Canal dbr:Erie_Plain dbr:Erland_Lee_Museum dbr:Escarpment_Blues dbr:Esquesing_Township dbr:Fayette_Historic_State_Park dbr:Forks_of_the_Credit_Provincial_Park dbr:Northern_Railway_of_Canada dbr:Nottawasaga_Bay dbr:Nottawasaga_River dbr:Owen_Sound dbr:Caprock dbr:Centennial_Parkway dbr:Chateau_Royale_(Hamilton,_Ontario) dbr:Chedoke_Creek dbr:Flight_of_Five_Locks dbr:Fonthill_Kame dbr:Fort_Conti dbr:Hilton_Falls_Conservation_Area dbr:History_of_Hamilton,_Ontario dbr:History_of_trams dbr:Karel_Soucek dbr:Kenilworth_Avenue_(Hamilton,_Ontario) dbr:Leith,_Ontario dbr:List_of_National_Historic_Sites_of_Canada_in_Niagara_Region dbr:List_of_National_Natural_Landmarks_in_New_York dbr:List_of_New_York_placenames_of_Native_American_origin dbr:List_of_Ontario_Tourist_Routes dbr:Hamilton_Mountain_(disambiguation) dbr:Queen_Street,_Hamilton dbr:Queenston_Heights dbr:Tanis_Rideout dbr:Greenbelt_(Golden_Horseshoe) dbr:Greenleaf,_Wisconsin dbr:Grey_Highlands dbr:Grey_Roots_Museum_and_Archives dbr:Grimsby,_Ontario dbr:Grindstone_Creek_(Hamilton_Harbour) dbr:Halton_Hills dbr:Hamilton,_Ontario dbr:Hamilton_Fire_Department dbr:Hamilton_Incline_Railway dbr:Hamilton_Waterworks dbr:Hamilton_and_Lake_Erie_Railway dbr:Helderberg_Escarpment dbr:High_Cliff_State_Park dbr:Iron_Ridge,_Wisconsin dbr:Isaac_Brock dbr:Jack_MacLaren dbr:Country_Heritage_Park dbr:Upper_Centennial_Parkway_(Hamilton,_Ontario) dbr:Parkside_High_School_(Dundas,_Ontario) dbr:Askeaton,_Wisconsin dbr:Aberdeen_Avenue dbr:Chambers_Island dbr:Champlain_Sea dbr:Chatsworth,_Ontario dbr:Cherney_Maribel_Caves_County_Park dbr:Chippawa,_Ontario dbr:Kelso_Conservation_Area dbr:Lake_Admiralty dbr:Lake_Algonquin dbr:Lake_Maumee dbr:Lake_Ojibway dbr:Lake_Tonawanda dbr:Lake_Winnebago dbr:Laura_Secord dbr:Summer_Island dbr:Cofrin_Memorial_Arboretum dbr:Hess_Village dbr:Trafalgar_Moraine dbr:Tram dbr:Mixedwood_Plains_Ecozone_(Canada) dbr:Short_Hills_Bench dbr:Door_County,_Wisconsin dbr:Door_Peninsula dbr:Asplenium_scolopendrium dbr:Manitoulin_Island dbr:Margaret_and_Charles_Juravinski_Centre dbr:Mario_Parente dbr:CHCH_Television_Tower dbr:Portage_Escarpment dbr:Southern_Ontario dbr:Spencer_Gorge_Conservation_Area dbr:St._Catharines dbr:St._Catharines/Niagara_District_Airport
is dbp:border of dbr:Beaver_Valley_(Ontario)
is dbp:south of dbr:Fruitland,_Ontario
is owl:differentFrom of dbr:Canadian_Escarpment
is foaf:primaryTopic of wikipedia-en:Niagara_Escarpment