Nicolaas Bloembergen (original) (raw)

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Nicolaas Bloembergen (Dordrecht, 11 de març de 1920 - Tucson, 5 de setembre de 2017) fou un físic i professor universitari estatunidenc d'origen neerlandès, guardonat amb el Premi Nobel de Física l'any 1981.

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dbo:abstract Nicolaas Bloembergen (Dordrecht, 11 de març de 1920 - Tucson, 5 de setembre de 2017) fou un físic i professor universitari estatunidenc d'origen neerlandès, guardonat amb el Premi Nobel de Física l'any 1981. (ca) Nicolaas Bloembergen (11. března 1920, Dordrecht, Nizozemsko – 5. září 2017, Tucson, Arizona, USA) byl americký fyzik a laureát Nobelovy ceny za fyziku nizozemského původu. (cs) نيكولاس بلومبرجن (بالهولندية:Nicolaas Bloembergen)‏ (11 مارس 1920 - 5 سبتمبر 2017) هو عالم فيزيائي هولندي حاز على جائزة نوبل للفيزياء عام 1981 وشاركه فيها العالمان آرثر شاولو، وكاي سيجبان عن إنجازاتهم في التحليل الطيفي بالليزر. ولد بلومبرجن في 11 مارس 1920 وحصل على جنسية الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية. وقد قام بلومبرجن مع شاولو بدراسة خواص المادة التي لا يمكن مشاهدتها بدون أشعة الليزر. كما قام بتطوير جهاز الذي ابتكره شارلز تاونز، وعمل أستاذا بجامعة أريزونا. توفي يوم 5 سبتمبر 2017 عن عن عمر يناهز 97 سنة. (ar) Nicolaas Bloembergen (* 11. März 1920 in Dordrecht, Niederlande; † 5. September 2017 in Tucson, Arizona) war ein niederländisch-US-amerikanischer Physiker und Physik-Nobelpreisträger. (de) Nicolaas Bloembergen (Dordrecht, Herbehereak, 1920ko martxoaren 11 - Tucson, 2017ko irailaren 5a) estatubatuar fisikaria izan zen, jatorriz herbeherearra. (eu) Nicolaas Bloembergen (Dordrecht, Holanda Meridional; 11 de marzo de 1920-Tucson, Arizona; 5 de septiembre de 2017​) fue un físico y profesor universitario estadounidense de origen neerlandés, galardonado con el Premio Nobel de Física de 1981.​ (es) Nicolaas Bloembergen (March 11, 1920 – September 5, 2017) was a Dutch-American physicist and Nobel laureate, recognized for his work in developing driving principles behind nonlinear optics for laser spectroscopy. During his career, he was a professor at Harvard University and later at the University of Arizona and at Leiden University in 1973 (as Lorentz Professor). Bloembergen shared the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physics along with Arthur Schawlow and Kai Siegbahn because their work "has had a profound effect on our present knowledge of the constitution of matter" through the use of laser spectroscopy. In particular, Bloembergen was singled out because he "founded a new field of science we now call non-linear optics" by mixing "two or more beams of laser light... in order to produce laser light of a different wave length" and thus significantly broaden the laser spectroscopy frequency band. (en) Fisicí a rugadh i n, na hOllainne is a d'oibrigh sna Stáit Aontaithe ab ea Nicolaas Bloembergen (1920-2017). Rinne sé taighde bunúsach ar athshondas núicléach maighnéadach, feabhsú an mhéasair is an léasair, agus speictriméadaracht le léasair. Roinn sé Duais Nobel na Fisice le Arthur Schawlaw is Kai Siegbahn i 1981 as a shaothar ar léasair. (ga) Nicolaas "Nico" Bloembergen (11 Maret 1920 – 5 September 2017) adalah seorang fisikawan Belanda-Amerika dan juga peraih Nobel, yang dikenal karena jasanya dalam mengembangkan prinsip mengemudi di belakang untuk spektroskopi laser. Selama kariernya, ia adalah seorang profesor di Universitas Harvard dan kemudian di Universitas Arizona. Bloembergen berbagi Hadiah Nobel Fisika tahun 1981 dengan Arthur Schawlow, bersama dengan Kai Siegbahn untuk pekerjaan spektroskopi lasernya. Ia menerima gelar Ph.D. dari Universitas Leiden dan Harvard pada tahun 1948. Ia menjadi profesor di Harvard University. Bloembergen meninggalkan Belanda pada tahun 1945 untuk melanjutkan studi di Universitas Harvard. Enam minggu sebelum kedatangannya, profesor di sana Edward Purcell (bersama dengan mahasiswanya Torrey dan Pound) menemukan resonansi magnetik nuklir atau RMN. Bloembergen dipanggil untuk mengembangkan mesin RMN pertama. Selama di Harvard ia berinteraksi dengan Julian Schwinger, John Hasbrouck van Vleck dan . Tesisnya Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation diajukan di Leiden - di mana ia lulus kriteria kualifikasi - dan Harvard. Setelah penunjukan pascadoktoral yang singkat dengan C. J. Gorter di Belanda, ia bergabung ke Harvard dan diangkat sebagai staf muda Society of Fellows pada tahun 1949 dan lektor kepala pda tahun 1951. Pada tahun 1958, ia Amerika Serikat. Ia dianugerahi Medali Lorentz pada tahun 1978. Nicolaas Bloembergen menerima Penghargaan Nobel dalam Fisika 1981 bersama Arthur Schawlow dan Kai Siegbahn untuk karyanya dalam spektroskopi laser. Bloembergen dan Schawlow mengamati sifat bahan yang tak terlacak tanpa laser. Awalnya ia telah memodifikasi maser Charles Townes. Bloembergen menjadi staf di Universitas Arizona. Bloembergen berasal dari pohon garis akademik Joseph John Thomson, mengikuti jejak langkah pemenang Hadiah Nobel lainnya yang diawali oleh John William Strutt Rayleigh (Nobel Fisika 1904) dan J. J. Thomson (Nobel Fisika 1906), dan berlanjut dengan Ernest Rutherford (Nobel Kimia 1908), Owen Richardson (Nobel Fisika, 1918) dan akhirnya penasihat Bloembergen, Edward M. Purcell (Nobel Fisika 1952). Prof. Bloembergen adalah anggota Dewan Sponsor [1]. Tokoh berpengaruh lainnya adalah John Van Vleck (Nobel Fisika 1977) dan Percy Bridgman (Nobel Fisika 1946). (in) Nicolaas Bloembergen, né le 11 mars 1920 à Dordrecht et mort le 5 septembre 2017 à Tucson (Arizona), est un physicien néerlandais naturalisé américain. Il obtint son Ph.D. à l'université de Leyde en 1948 et devint professeur à l'université Harvard. Il est colauréat avec Arthur Leonard Schawlow de la moitié du prix Nobel de physique de 1981. (fr) Nicolaas Bloembergen (Dordrecht, 11 marzo 1920 – Tucson, 5 settembre 2017) è stato un fisico olandese naturalizzato statunitense, premiato con il Premio Nobel per la Fisica nel 1981. (it) 니콜라스 블룸베르헌(네덜란드어: Nicolaas Bloembergen, 1920년 3월 11일~ 2017년 9월 5일)은 네덜란드계 미국인 물리학자다. 1981년에 노벨 물리학상을 수여받았다. 그는 1948년 레이던 대학교에서 박사 학위를 받았다. 그리고 하버드 대학교에서 박사 학위를 받으려고 공부하는 동안 매사추세츠 공과대학교의 에드워드 밀스 퍼셀 밑에서 대학원 연구 조교로 계약직으로 일했다. 그는 하버드 대학교의 응용 물리학 교수가 되었다. 블룸베르헌은 1938년 위트레흐트 대학교에 입학했으며 물리학을 전공했다. 그는 1945년 전쟁으로 황폐화된 네덜란드를 떠나 졸업을 위해 하버드 대학교로 왔다. 그가 도착하기 6주 전에, 에드워드 밀스 퍼셀은 그의 대학원생인 토레이와 파운드와 함께 핵자기공명을 발견했다. 그리고 블룸베르헌은 첫 핵자기공명 기계를 만들기 위해 고용되었다. 하버드에 있는 동안 그는 줄리언 슈윙거, 존 해즈브룩 밴블렉, 등의 강의를 즐겨 들었다. 그리고 에 관한 그의 논문이 레이든에서 자격 기준을 통과하였다. 네덜란드에서 C. J. 고터와 잠시 박사로 임명된 후에, 그는 1949년에 하버드의 명예교우회에 연구원으로 가입했고 1951년에는 교수 협회에 가입하였다. 그리고 1958년 그는 미국으로 귀화하였다. 1978년 그는 로렌츠 메달을 수여받았다. 그리고 1981년 아서 레너드 숄로, 카이 시그반과 함께 노벨 물리학상을 수여받았다.블룸베르헌과 숄로는 레이저 없이는 감지되지 않는 물질의 속성을 조사하고 있었다. 그는 이전의 찰스 하드 타운스의 메이저를 수정하였다. 그는 애리조나 대학교의 학부에 기여하고 있다. 블룸베르헌은 시초가 되는 조지프 존 톰슨의 학계인 다른 노벨상 수상자인 존 윌리엄 스트럿 레일리 (1904년 물리학상 수상자), 조지프 존 톰슨 (1906년), 어니스트 러더퍼드 (1908년 노벨 화학상 수상자), 오언 윌런스 리처드슨 (1928년 물리학상 수상자), 그리고 마지막으로 그의 스승인 에드워드 밀스 퍼셀 (1952년 수상자)의 발자취를 따랐다. 또한 그는 존 해즈브룩 밴블렉 (1977년 수상자), 퍼시 윌리엄스 브리지먼 (1946년 수상자)에게서도 영향을 받았다. 그는 '핵 과학자 잡지(Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists)'의 후원회의 회원이며 '비선형 광물리학과 재료(Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials)'의 명예편집자이다. (ko) ニコラス・ブルームバーゲン（Nicolaas Bloembergen、1920年3月11日 - 2017年9月5日）は、アメリカ合衆国の物理学者。1981年、アーサー・ショーロー (Arthur Leonard Schawlow) とともにレーザー分光学への貢献でノーベル物理学賞を受賞。 (ja) Nicolaas (Nico) Bloembergen (Dordrecht, 11 maart 1920 – Tucson, 5 september 2017) was een Nederlands-Amerikaans natuurkundige en Nobelprijswinnaar. Hij was een grondlegger van de kernspinresonantie (NMR en MRI), lasers en niet-lineaire optica. Hij was een broer van Auke Bloembergen. (nl) Nicolaas Bloembergen (Dordrecht, 11 de março de 1920 - Tucson, Arizona, 5 de setembro de 2017) foi um físico neerlandês. Recebeu o grau de Ph.D. da Universidade de Leiden, em 1948, enquanto prosseguia o seu doutoramento em Harvard, Bloembergen também trabalhava meio período como assistente de pesquisa de pós-graduação para Edward Mills Purcell no MIT Radiation Laboratory. Ele tornou-se professor na Universidade de Harvard em Física Aplicada. Recebeu o Nobel de Física de 1981, juntamente com Arthur Schawlow, "por sua contribuição para o desenvolvimento da espectroscopia a laser". Cada um recebeu um quarto do prêmio. A outra metade do prêmio foi para Kai Siegbahn, "por sua contribuição para o desenvolvimento da espectroscopia eletrônica de alta resolução". (pt) Nicolaas Bloembergen (ur. 11 marca 1920 w Dordrechcie, zm. 5 września 2017 w Tucson) – amerykański fizyk holenderskiego pochodzenia, laureat Nagrody Nobla w dziedzinie fizyki (1981). (pl) Nicolaas Bloembergen, född 11 mars 1920 i Dordrecht, Nederländerna, död 5 september 2017 i Tucson, Arizona, var en nederländsk-amerikansk fysiker verksam vid Harvard University i Cambridge, Massachusetts. Bloembergen och Arthur L. Schawlow tilldelades Nobelpriset i fysik 1981 "för deras bidrag till utvecklingen av laserspektroskopien". De delade på halva prissumman. Den andra halvan tilldelades den svenske fysikern Kai M. Siegbahn för hans utveckling av den högupplösande elektronspektroskopien. (sv) Ніколас Бломберген (нід. Nicolaas Bloembergen; 11 березня 1920, Дордрехт, Нідерланди — 5 вересня 2017) — американський фізик нідерландського походження. Лауреат Нобелівської премії з фізики за 1981 рік (спільно з Артуром Шавловим). (uk) Никола́с Бломбе́рген (нидерл. Nicolaas Bloembergen; 11 марта 1920, Дордрехт, Нидерланды — 5 сентября 2017, Тусон, США) — американский физик нидерландского происхождения. Лауреат Нобелевской премии по физике (1981, совместно с Артуром Шавловым) и других наград, член Национальной академии наук США (1960), Национальной инженерной академии США (1984) и многих других научных обществ. (ru) 尼古拉斯·布隆伯根（荷蘭語：Nicolaas Bloembergen，1920年3月11日－2017年9月5日），出生于多德雷赫特的荷兰物理学家，1981年获诺贝尔物理学奖，亞利桑那大學教授。 (zh)
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rdfs:comment Nicolaas Bloembergen (Dordrecht, 11 de març de 1920 - Tucson, 5 de setembre de 2017) fou un físic i professor universitari estatunidenc d'origen neerlandès, guardonat amb el Premi Nobel de Física l'any 1981. (ca) Nicolaas Bloembergen (11. března 1920, Dordrecht, Nizozemsko – 5. září 2017, Tucson, Arizona, USA) byl americký fyzik a laureát Nobelovy ceny za fyziku nizozemského původu. (cs) نيكولاس بلومبرجن (بالهولندية:Nicolaas Bloembergen)‏ (11 مارس 1920 - 5 سبتمبر 2017) هو عالم فيزيائي هولندي حاز على جائزة نوبل للفيزياء عام 1981 وشاركه فيها العالمان آرثر شاولو، وكاي سيجبان عن إنجازاتهم في التحليل الطيفي بالليزر. ولد بلومبرجن في 11 مارس 1920 وحصل على جنسية الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية. وقد قام بلومبرجن مع شاولو بدراسة خواص المادة التي لا يمكن مشاهدتها بدون أشعة الليزر. كما قام بتطوير جهاز الذي ابتكره شارلز تاونز، وعمل أستاذا بجامعة أريزونا. توفي يوم 5 سبتمبر 2017 عن عن عمر يناهز 97 سنة. (ar) Nicolaas Bloembergen (* 11. März 1920 in Dordrecht, Niederlande; † 5. September 2017 in Tucson, Arizona) war ein niederländisch-US-amerikanischer Physiker und Physik-Nobelpreisträger. (de) Nicolaas Bloembergen (Dordrecht, Herbehereak, 1920ko martxoaren 11 - Tucson, 2017ko irailaren 5a) estatubatuar fisikaria izan zen, jatorriz herbeherearra. (eu) Nicolaas Bloembergen (Dordrecht, Holanda Meridional; 11 de marzo de 1920-Tucson, Arizona; 5 de septiembre de 2017​) fue un físico y profesor universitario estadounidense de origen neerlandés, galardonado con el Premio Nobel de Física de 1981.​ (es) Fisicí a rugadh i n, na hOllainne is a d'oibrigh sna Stáit Aontaithe ab ea Nicolaas Bloembergen (1920-2017). Rinne sé taighde bunúsach ar athshondas núicléach maighnéadach, feabhsú an mhéasair is an léasair, agus speictriméadaracht le léasair. Roinn sé Duais Nobel na Fisice le Arthur Schawlaw is Kai Siegbahn i 1981 as a shaothar ar léasair. (ga) Nicolaas Bloembergen, né le 11 mars 1920 à Dordrecht et mort le 5 septembre 2017 à Tucson (Arizona), est un physicien néerlandais naturalisé américain. Il obtint son Ph.D. à l'université de Leyde en 1948 et devint professeur à l'université Harvard. Il est colauréat avec Arthur Leonard Schawlow de la moitié du prix Nobel de physique de 1981. (fr) Nicolaas Bloembergen (Dordrecht, 11 marzo 1920 – Tucson, 5 settembre 2017) è stato un fisico olandese naturalizzato statunitense, premiato con il Premio Nobel per la Fisica nel 1981. (it) ニコラス・ブルームバーゲン（Nicolaas Bloembergen、1920年3月11日 - 2017年9月5日）は、アメリカ合衆国の物理学者。1981年、アーサー・ショーロー (Arthur Leonard Schawlow) とともにレーザー分光学への貢献でノーベル物理学賞を受賞。 (ja) Nicolaas (Nico) Bloembergen (Dordrecht, 11 maart 1920 – Tucson, 5 september 2017) was een Nederlands-Amerikaans natuurkundige en Nobelprijswinnaar. Hij was een grondlegger van de kernspinresonantie (NMR en MRI), lasers en niet-lineaire optica. Hij was een broer van Auke Bloembergen. (nl) Nicolaas Bloembergen (ur. 11 marca 1920 w Dordrechcie, zm. 5 września 2017 w Tucson) – amerykański fizyk holenderskiego pochodzenia, laureat Nagrody Nobla w dziedzinie fizyki (1981). (pl) Nicolaas Bloembergen, född 11 mars 1920 i Dordrecht, Nederländerna, död 5 september 2017 i Tucson, Arizona, var en nederländsk-amerikansk fysiker verksam vid Harvard University i Cambridge, Massachusetts. Bloembergen och Arthur L. Schawlow tilldelades Nobelpriset i fysik 1981 "för deras bidrag till utvecklingen av laserspektroskopien". De delade på halva prissumman. Den andra halvan tilldelades den svenske fysikern Kai M. Siegbahn för hans utveckling av den högupplösande elektronspektroskopien. (sv) Ніколас Бломберген (нід. Nicolaas Bloembergen; 11 березня 1920, Дордрехт, Нідерланди — 5 вересня 2017) — американський фізик нідерландського походження. Лауреат Нобелівської премії з фізики за 1981 рік (спільно з Артуром Шавловим). (uk) Никола́с Бломбе́рген (нидерл. Nicolaas Bloembergen; 11 марта 1920, Дордрехт, Нидерланды — 5 сентября 2017, Тусон, США) — американский физик нидерландского происхождения. Лауреат Нобелевской премии по физике (1981, совместно с Артуром Шавловым) и других наград, член Национальной академии наук США (1960), Национальной инженерной академии США (1984) и многих других научных обществ. (ru) 尼古拉斯·布隆伯根（荷蘭語：Nicolaas Bloembergen，1920年3月11日－2017年9月5日），出生于多德雷赫特的荷兰物理学家，1981年获诺贝尔物理学奖，亞利桑那大學教授。 (zh) Nicolaas Bloembergen (March 11, 1920 – September 5, 2017) was a Dutch-American physicist and Nobel laureate, recognized for his work in developing driving principles behind nonlinear optics for laser spectroscopy. During his career, he was a professor at Harvard University and later at the University of Arizona and at Leiden University in 1973 (as Lorentz Professor). (en) Nicolaas "Nico" Bloembergen (11 Maret 1920 – 5 September 2017) adalah seorang fisikawan Belanda-Amerika dan juga peraih Nobel, yang dikenal karena jasanya dalam mengembangkan prinsip mengemudi di belakang untuk spektroskopi laser. Selama kariernya, ia adalah seorang profesor di Universitas Harvard dan kemudian di Universitas Arizona. Bloembergen berbagi Hadiah Nobel Fisika tahun 1981 dengan Arthur Schawlow, bersama dengan Kai Siegbahn untuk pekerjaan spektroskopi lasernya. Ia menerima gelar Ph.D. dari Universitas Leiden dan Harvard pada tahun 1948. Ia menjadi profesor di Harvard University. (in) 니콜라스 블룸베르헌(네덜란드어: Nicolaas Bloembergen, 1920년 3월 11일~ 2017년 9월 5일)은 네덜란드계 미국인 물리학자다. 1981년에 노벨 물리학상을 수여받았다. 그는 1948년 레이던 대학교에서 박사 학위를 받았다. 그리고 하버드 대학교에서 박사 학위를 받으려고 공부하는 동안 매사추세츠 공과대학교의 에드워드 밀스 퍼셀 밑에서 대학원 연구 조교로 계약직으로 일했다. 그는 하버드 대학교의 응용 물리학 교수가 되었다. 그리고 1958년 그는 미국으로 귀화하였다. 1978년 그는 로렌츠 메달을 수여받았다. 그리고 1981년 아서 레너드 숄로, 카이 시그반과 함께 노벨 물리학상을 수여받았다.블룸베르헌과 숄로는 레이저 없이는 감지되지 않는 물질의 속성을 조사하고 있었다. 그는 이전의 찰스 하드 타운스의 메이저를 수정하였다. 그는 애리조나 대학교의 학부에 기여하고 있다. 그는 '핵 과학자 잡지(Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists)'의 후원회의 회원이며 '비선형 광물리학과 재료(Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials)'의 명예편집자이다. (ko) Nicolaas Bloembergen (Dordrecht, 11 de março de 1920 - Tucson, Arizona, 5 de setembro de 2017) foi um físico neerlandês. Recebeu o grau de Ph.D. da Universidade de Leiden, em 1948, enquanto prosseguia o seu doutoramento em Harvard, Bloembergen também trabalhava meio período como assistente de pesquisa de pós-graduação para Edward Mills Purcell no MIT Radiation Laboratory. Ele tornou-se professor na Universidade de Harvard em Física Aplicada. (pt)
rdfs:label نيكولاس بلومبرجن (ar) Nicolaas Bloembergen (ca) Nicolaas Bloembergen (cs) Nicolaas Bloembergen (de) Nicolaas Bloembergen (es) Nicolaas Bloembergen (eu) Nicolaas Bloembergen (ga) Nicolaas Bloembergen (fr) Nicolaas Bloembergen (in) Nicolaas Bloembergen (it) ニコラス・ブルームバーゲン (ja) 니콜라스 블룸베르헌 (ko) Nicolaas Bloembergen (en) Nico Bloembergen (nl) Nicolaas Bloembergen (pl) Nicolaas Bloembergen (pt) Бломберген, Николас (ru) Nicolaas Bloembergen (sv) Ніколас Бломберген (uk) 尼古拉斯·布隆伯根 (zh)
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