Operation Pamphlet (original) (raw)
Operatie Pamflet, ook bekend als Konvooi Pamflet, was de naam voor de actie waardoor de 9e Australische Infanteriedivisie in februari 1943 vanuit Egypte terugkeerde naar Australië. Het konvooi bestond uit vijf transportschepen en werd begeleid door verschillende geallieerde marineschepen. Er vond geen contact plaats tussen de geallieerde en Japanse schepen.
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| dbo:abstract | L'opération Pamphlet, également appelée convoi Pamphlet, est une opération militaire de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, menée par les Alliés en janvier et février 1943 pour rapatrier la 9e division d'infanterie de l'armée australienne depuis l'Égypte. Lors de la traversée de l'océan Indien et le long des côtes australiennes, le convoi est protégé par plusieurs forces navales alliées contre d'éventuelles attaques des navires de guerre japonais. Vers la fin du mois de janvier 1943, les troupes de la 9e division commencent à embarquer à bord des navires de transport et l'opération commence le 4 février. Les préparatifs débutent après que les gouvernements britannique et américain ont accepté la demande du gouvernement australien de rapatrier la 9e division, mettant ainsi fin aux contributions de la Seconde force impériale australienne dans la campagne d'Afrique du Nord. Avant cette prise de décision, Winston Churchill et Franklin Delano Roosevelt ont tenté de convaincre le Premier ministre australien John Curtin de ne pas retirer les troupes australiennes jusqu'à ce que la victoire des Alliés en Afrique du Nord soit complète. Curtin n'est cependant pas disposé à accepter une telle proposition car les commandants alliés opérant dans le Pacifique Sud-Ouest jugent que l'appui de la 9e division est nécessaire pour renforcer les troupes déployées en Nouvelle-Guinée. Le convoi est préparé dans la mer Rouge près de Massaoua, entre la fin du mois de janvier et le début du mois de février 1943. Les navires sillonnent l'océan Indien le 4 février et, après avoir fait le plein à l'atoll Addu, arrivent sains et saufs au port de Fremantle le 18 février. Durant le voyage, aucun accrochage n'a lieu entre les navires des alliés et ceux des Japonais. Quatre des navires de transport poursuivent leur navigation vers la côte est australienne ; l'un s'amarre à Melbourne le 25 février et le reste arrive à Sydney deux jours plus tard. À son retour en Australie, la 9e division apporte une contribution majeure aux opérations menées en Nouvelle-Guinée vers la fin de l'année 1943. (fr) Operation Pamphlet, also called Convoy Pamphlet, was a World War II convoy operation conducted during January and February 1943 to transport the 9th Australian Division home from Egypt. The convoy involved five transports, which were protected from Japanese warships by several Allied naval task forces during the trip across the Indian Ocean and along the Australian coast. The division embarked in late January 1943 and the convoy operation began on 4 February. No contact was made between Allied and Japanese ships, and the division arrived in Australian ports during late February with no losses from enemy action. The operation came after the British and United States governments agreed to an Australian government request that the 9th Division be returned home, and ended the role of the Second Australian Imperial Force in the Western Desert Campaign. This followed a lengthy debate between the respective national leaders, with Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt attempting to convince the Australian Prime Minister John Curtin to withdraw his request until the Allied victory in North Africa was complete. Curtin was unwilling to delay, as he and the Allied military leaders in the South West Pacific believed that the veteran division was needed to bolster the forces for offensive operations in New Guinea. A convoy to return the 9th Australian Division to Australia was assembled in the Red Sea near Massawa from late January to early February 1943. The ships began their voyage across the Indian Ocean on 4 February, refuelled at Addu Atoll, and arrived safely at the Western Australian port of Fremantle on 18 February. Four transports continued to the Australian east coast, one docking at Melbourne on 25 February and the remainder arriving at Sydney two days later. After its return to Australia, the division made an important contribution to operations in New Guinea in late 1943. (en) Operatie Pamflet, ook bekend als Konvooi Pamflet, was de naam voor de actie waardoor de 9e Australische Infanteriedivisie in februari 1943 vanuit Egypte terugkeerde naar Australië. Het konvooi bestond uit vijf transportschepen en werd begeleid door verschillende geallieerde marineschepen. Er vond geen contact plaats tussen de geallieerde en Japanse schepen. (nl) Operacja Pamphlet lub Konwój Pamphlet – operacja konwojowa podczas II wojny światowej przeprowadzona w styczniu i lutym 1943 roku, a mająca na celu przetransportowanie z Egiptu do ojczyzny. Konwój składał się z pięciu statków transportowych, osłanianych przed atakami okrętów Japońskiej Cesarskiej Marynarki Wojennej podczas rejsu przez Ocean Indyjski i wzdłuż wybrzeża Australii przez kilka zespołów flot alianckich. Żołnierze 9 Dywizji zostali zaokrętowani pod koniec stycznia, a operacja rozpoczęła się 4 lutego. Sił japońskich nie napotkano i 9 Dywizja bez strat przybyła do portów australijskich pod koniec lutego. (pl) |
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| dbp:caption | The converted ocean liners Aquitania and Île de France travelling in convoy during Operation Pamphlet (en) |
| dbp:date | 0001-01-24 (xsd:gMonthDay) |
| dbp:location | Between Egypt and Australia (en) |
| dbp:name | Operation Pamphlet (en) |
| dbp:objective | To return the 9th Division to Australia (en) |
| dbp:outcome | Allied success (en) |
| dbp:partof | dbr:World_War_II |
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| dct:subject | dbc:February_1943_events dbc:January_1943_events dbc:Military_operations_of_World_War_II_involving_Australia dbc:Convoys_of_World_War_II dbc:1943_in_military_history |
| gold:hypernym | dbr:Operation |
| rdf:type | dbo:MilitaryConflict |
| rdfs:comment | Operatie Pamflet, ook bekend als Konvooi Pamflet, was de naam voor de actie waardoor de 9e Australische Infanteriedivisie in februari 1943 vanuit Egypte terugkeerde naar Australië. Het konvooi bestond uit vijf transportschepen en werd begeleid door verschillende geallieerde marineschepen. Er vond geen contact plaats tussen de geallieerde en Japanse schepen. (nl) Operacja Pamphlet lub Konwój Pamphlet – operacja konwojowa podczas II wojny światowej przeprowadzona w styczniu i lutym 1943 roku, a mająca na celu przetransportowanie z Egiptu do ojczyzny. Konwój składał się z pięciu statków transportowych, osłanianych przed atakami okrętów Japońskiej Cesarskiej Marynarki Wojennej podczas rejsu przez Ocean Indyjski i wzdłuż wybrzeża Australii przez kilka zespołów flot alianckich. Żołnierze 9 Dywizji zostali zaokrętowani pod koniec stycznia, a operacja rozpoczęła się 4 lutego. Sił japońskich nie napotkano i 9 Dywizja bez strat przybyła do portów australijskich pod koniec lutego. (pl) L'opération Pamphlet, également appelée convoi Pamphlet, est une opération militaire de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, menée par les Alliés en janvier et février 1943 pour rapatrier la 9e division d'infanterie de l'armée australienne depuis l'Égypte. (fr) Operation Pamphlet, also called Convoy Pamphlet, was a World War II convoy operation conducted during January and February 1943 to transport the 9th Australian Division home from Egypt. The convoy involved five transports, which were protected from Japanese warships by several Allied naval task forces during the trip across the Indian Ocean and along the Australian coast. The division embarked in late January 1943 and the convoy operation began on 4 February. No contact was made between Allied and Japanese ships, and the division arrived in Australian ports during late February with no losses from enemy action. (en) |
| rdfs:label | Opération Pamphlet (fr) Operation Pamphlet (en) Operacja Pamphlet (pl) Operatie Pamflet (nl) |
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