Ottoman law (original) (raw)
الشريعة الإسلامية هي أساس القانون العثماني والتشريع في الدولة العثمانية.
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| dbo:abstract | الشريعة الإسلامية هي أساس القانون العثماني والتشريع في الدولة العثمانية. (ar) The Ottoman Empire was governed by different sets of laws during its existence. The Qanun, sultanic law, co-existed with religious law (mainly the Hanafi school of Islamic jurisprudence). Legal administration in the Ottoman Empire was part of a larger scheme of balancing central and local authority. Ottoman power revolved crucially around the administration of the rights to land, which gave a space for the local authority develop the needs of the local millet. The jurisdictional complexity of the Ottoman Empire was aimed to permit the integration of culturally and religiously different groups. (en) Le droit de l’Empire Ottoman a d’abord été la charia, mais à la fin du XIXe siècle, les réformes appelées Tanzimat ont tempéré celle-ci, réduisant les inégalités du système des millets et améliorant le statut de dhimmi donnant aux non-musulmans un statut personnel qui ne leur impose plus une certaine vision du droit musulman. Ce dernier était interprété, même avant les réformes, surtout selon l’école hanafite, relativement modérée, et c’est pourquoi les réformes furent assez bien acceptées. Les efforts de modernisation du système juridique s’incarnèrent dans la rédaction de la Medjellé entre 1869 et 1876 par une commission présidée par (en) ainsi que dans la proclamation de la Constitution ottomane de 1876 établissant une monarchie constitutionnelle. Le Code de la famille n’est proclamé qu’en 1917, un an avant la défaite de l’Empire dans la Première Guerre mondiale. (fr) L'Impero ottomano durante la sua esistenza era governato da diversi insiemi di leggi. Il Qanun, la legge sultanica, coesisteva con la legge religiosa (principalmente la scuola hanafita di giurisprudenza islamica). L'amministrazione legale nell'Impero ottomano faceva parte di un più ampio schema di bilanciamento dell'autorità centrale e locale. Il potere ottomano ruotava in modo cruciale attorno all'amministrazione dei diritti sulla terra, che dava spazio all'autorità locale di poter sviluppare le esigenze del millet locale. La complessità giurisdizionale dell'Impero ottomano mirava a consentire l'integrazione di gruppi culturalmente e religiosamente diversi. (it) |
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| rdfs:comment | الشريعة الإسلامية هي أساس القانون العثماني والتشريع في الدولة العثمانية. (ar) The Ottoman Empire was governed by different sets of laws during its existence. The Qanun, sultanic law, co-existed with religious law (mainly the Hanafi school of Islamic jurisprudence). Legal administration in the Ottoman Empire was part of a larger scheme of balancing central and local authority. Ottoman power revolved crucially around the administration of the rights to land, which gave a space for the local authority develop the needs of the local millet. The jurisdictional complexity of the Ottoman Empire was aimed to permit the integration of culturally and religiously different groups. (en) L'Impero ottomano durante la sua esistenza era governato da diversi insiemi di leggi. Il Qanun, la legge sultanica, coesisteva con la legge religiosa (principalmente la scuola hanafita di giurisprudenza islamica). L'amministrazione legale nell'Impero ottomano faceva parte di un più ampio schema di bilanciamento dell'autorità centrale e locale. Il potere ottomano ruotava in modo cruciale attorno all'amministrazione dei diritti sulla terra, che dava spazio all'autorità locale di poter sviluppare le esigenze del millet locale. La complessità giurisdizionale dell'Impero ottomano mirava a consentire l'integrazione di gruppi culturalmente e religiosamente diversi. (it) Le droit de l’Empire Ottoman a d’abord été la charia, mais à la fin du XIXe siècle, les réformes appelées Tanzimat ont tempéré celle-ci, réduisant les inégalités du système des millets et améliorant le statut de dhimmi donnant aux non-musulmans un statut personnel qui ne leur impose plus une certaine vision du droit musulman. Ce dernier était interprété, même avant les réformes, surtout selon l’école hanafite, relativement modérée, et c’est pourquoi les réformes furent assez bien acceptées. (fr) |
| rdfs:label | Ottoman law (en) القانون العثماني (ar) Diritto ottomano (it) Droit de l'Empire ottoman (fr) |
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