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متوسط الدخل هو المبلغ الذي يقسم توزيع الدخل إلى مجموعتين متساويتين، نصف دخل أعلى من هذا المبلغ، ونصف دخل أقل من هذا المبلغ. متوسط الدخل (المتوسط) هو المبلغ الذي تم الحصول عليه بقسمة إجمالي الدخل الإجمالي للمجموعة على عدد الوحدات في تلك المجموعة. (يعني مثلاً، إذا كان ادنى دخل هو 100 واعلى دخل هو 1000، سيكون متوسط الدخل هو 500، أي متوسط بين الاعلى والادنى) يمكن حساب متوسط الدخل من خلال دخل الأسرة أو الدخل الشخصي أو لمجموعات سكانية محددة. (ar) Das mittlere Einkommen oder Medianeinkommen in einer Gesellschaft oder Gruppe bezeichnet die Einkommenshöhe, von der aus die Anzahl der Haushalte (bzw. Personen) mit niedrigeren Einkommen gleich groß ist wie die der Haushalte mit höheren Einkommen. Damit definiert der Median das mittlere Einkommen. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass ein Einkommen sowohl das einer Einzelperson, als auch das mehrerer Personen eines Haushalts sein kann (Haushaltseinkommen). Eine Einzelperson ist ein Haushalt der Größe 1. Jedes Einkommen versorgt einen Haushalt mindestens der Größe 1. Das mittlere Einkommen ist das Einkommen, das sich genau in der Mitte der betrachteten und nach Größe sortierten Einkommen befindet. Z. B. wäre das zweithöchste das mittlere Einkommen von drei betrachteten Einkommen, bei 101 Einkommen das an 51. Stelle. Das Durchschnittseinkommen als arithmetisches Mittel aller Einkommen (auch: durchschnittliches Haushaltseinkommen) ist in der Regel höher, da die Unterschiede vom mittleren Einkommen zu den höheren und höchsten Einkommen oft um ein Vielfaches größer sind als die Unterschiede zu den niedrigeren Einkommen und einige wenige Haushalte sehr hohe Einkommen beziehen, also die Einkommensverteilung primär Ausreißer nach oben kennt. Das Pro-Kopf-Einkommen als arithmetisches Mittel aller Einkommen bezogen auf die Bevölkerungszahl ist niedriger, weil ein Einkommen im Schnitt mehr als eine Person versorgt. Das mittlere Einkommen ist vom mittleren Vermögen zu unterscheiden. (de) Το διάμεσο εισόδημα ενός πληθυσμού είναι το εισόδημα του προσώπου εκείνου, που στέκεται στο μέσον της ακολουθίας, αν υποθέσουμε ότι στοιχίζουμε σε αύξουσα—με βάση το εισόδημά τους—ακολουθία όλα τα μέλη του πληθυσμού. Έτσι, το 50% του πληθυσμού βρίσκεται κάτω από το διάμεσο εισόδημα, και το υπόλοιπο 50% βρίσκεται πάνω από το διάμεσο εισόδημα. Αν φανταστούμε όλο τον πληθυσμό πάνω άξονα με αύξουσα σειρά από τα αριστερά προς τα δεξιά με βάση το εισόδημά τους, τότε το 50% στέκεται αριστερά του προσώπου με το διάμεσο εισόδημα και το υπόλοιπο 50% στέκεται δεξιά. Να μη συγχέεται με το Μέσο Εισόδημα. Χαρακτηριστικό του διαμέσου εισοδήματος είναι για παράδειγμα ότι αν το εισόδημα του πλουσιότερου μέλους του πληθυσμού αυξηθεί (δεκαπλασιαστεί), το διάμεσο εισόδημα δεν επηρεάζεται, ενώ το Μέσο Εισόδημα, ως αριθμητικός μέσος όρος, θα επηρεαζόταν. (el) The median income is the income amount that divides a population into two equal groups, half having an income above that amount, and half having an income below that amount. It may differ from the mean (or average) income. Both of these are ways of understanding income distribution. Median income can be calculated by household income, by personal income, or for specific demographic groups. (en) Is éard is ioncam airmheánach ann ná an méid a roinneann an ina dhá ghrúpa chomhionanna, le hioncam os cionn an mhéid sin ag leath, agus an leath eile ar ioncam faoi bhun an mhéid sin. Is éard is meánioncam ( Meán (matamaitic) ) an méid a fhaightear trí ioncam comhiomlán go léir an ghrúpa a roinnt ar líon na n-aonad sa ghrúpa sin. Is é Mód an ioncaim ná an t-ioncam is minice a tharlaíonn i ndáileadh ioncaim ar leith . Is féidir ioncam a ríomh de réir ioncam teaghlaigh, trí ioncam pearsanta, nó le haghaidh grúpaí déimeagrafacha sonracha. (ga) 중위소득은 모든 가구를 소득 순으로 순위를 매겼을 때, 가운데를 차지한 가구의 소득을 의미한다. 대체적으로 중산층 가구 비중을 고려할 때는 경제협력개발기구(OECD)의 기준을 따르는 사례가 많다. 이에 따르면 중위소득의 50% 미만을 빈곤층, 50~150%를 중산층, 150% 초과를 상류층으로 본다. 공공부조의 경우, 급여의 선정기준을 '중위소득'과 연동할 경우 상대적 빈곤 관점을 반영해서 보장수준을 설정하게 되어 국민생활수준 향상과 함께 더 많은 인원이 지원대상이 되고, 급여수준도 인상된다. 이는 일반적으로 중위소득이 현행 최저생계비(절대적 빈곤 관점)보다 빠르게 인상되기 때문이다. (ko) |
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متوسط الدخل هو المبلغ الذي يقسم توزيع الدخل إلى مجموعتين متساويتين، نصف دخل أعلى من هذا المبلغ، ونصف دخل أقل من هذا المبلغ. متوسط الدخل (المتوسط) هو المبلغ الذي تم الحصول عليه بقسمة إجمالي الدخل الإجمالي للمجموعة على عدد الوحدات في تلك المجموعة. (يعني مثلاً، إذا كان ادنى دخل هو 100 واعلى دخل هو 1000، سيكون متوسط الدخل هو 500، أي متوسط بين الاعلى والادنى) يمكن حساب متوسط الدخل من خلال دخل الأسرة أو الدخل الشخصي أو لمجموعات سكانية محددة. (ar) The median income is the income amount that divides a population into two equal groups, half having an income above that amount, and half having an income below that amount. It may differ from the mean (or average) income. Both of these are ways of understanding income distribution. Median income can be calculated by household income, by personal income, or for specific demographic groups. (en) Is éard is ioncam airmheánach ann ná an méid a roinneann an ina dhá ghrúpa chomhionanna, le hioncam os cionn an mhéid sin ag leath, agus an leath eile ar ioncam faoi bhun an mhéid sin. Is éard is meánioncam ( Meán (matamaitic) ) an méid a fhaightear trí ioncam comhiomlán go léir an ghrúpa a roinnt ar líon na n-aonad sa ghrúpa sin. Is é Mód an ioncaim ná an t-ioncam is minice a tharlaíonn i ndáileadh ioncaim ar leith . Is féidir ioncam a ríomh de réir ioncam teaghlaigh, trí ioncam pearsanta, nó le haghaidh grúpaí déimeagrafacha sonracha. (ga) 중위소득은 모든 가구를 소득 순으로 순위를 매겼을 때, 가운데를 차지한 가구의 소득을 의미한다. 대체적으로 중산층 가구 비중을 고려할 때는 경제협력개발기구(OECD)의 기준을 따르는 사례가 많다. 이에 따르면 중위소득의 50% 미만을 빈곤층, 50~150%를 중산층, 150% 초과를 상류층으로 본다. 공공부조의 경우, 급여의 선정기준을 '중위소득'과 연동할 경우 상대적 빈곤 관점을 반영해서 보장수준을 설정하게 되어 국민생활수준 향상과 함께 더 많은 인원이 지원대상이 되고, 급여수준도 인상된다. 이는 일반적으로 중위소득이 현행 최저생계비(절대적 빈곤 관점)보다 빠르게 인상되기 때문이다. (ko) Το διάμεσο εισόδημα ενός πληθυσμού είναι το εισόδημα του προσώπου εκείνου, που στέκεται στο μέσον της ακολουθίας, αν υποθέσουμε ότι στοιχίζουμε σε αύξουσα—με βάση το εισόδημά τους—ακολουθία όλα τα μέλη του πληθυσμού. Έτσι, το 50% του πληθυσμού βρίσκεται κάτω από το διάμεσο εισόδημα, και το υπόλοιπο 50% βρίσκεται πάνω από το διάμεσο εισόδημα. Αν φανταστούμε όλο τον πληθυσμό πάνω άξονα με αύξουσα σειρά από τα αριστερά προς τα δεξιά με βάση το εισόδημά τους, τότε το 50% στέκεται αριστερά του προσώπου με το διάμεσο εισόδημα και το υπόλοιπο 50% στέκεται δεξιά. (el) Das mittlere Einkommen oder Medianeinkommen in einer Gesellschaft oder Gruppe bezeichnet die Einkommenshöhe, von der aus die Anzahl der Haushalte (bzw. Personen) mit niedrigeren Einkommen gleich groß ist wie die der Haushalte mit höheren Einkommen. Damit definiert der Median das mittlere Einkommen. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass ein Einkommen sowohl das einer Einzelperson, als auch das mehrerer Personen eines Haushalts sein kann (Haushaltseinkommen). Eine Einzelperson ist ein Haushalt der Größe 1. Jedes Einkommen versorgt einen Haushalt mindestens der Größe 1. (de) |
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متوسط الدخل (ar) Median income (en) Mittleres Einkommen (de) Διάμεσο εισόδημα (el) Ioncam airmheánach (ga) 중위소득 (ko) |
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