Pre-Columbian history of Costa Rica (original) (raw)
Precolumbiaans Costa Rica omvat het deel van de geschiedenis van Costa Rica vanaf de komst van de eerste mensen omstreeks 20.000 jaar geleden tot de Spaanse verovering in 1502.
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| dbo:abstract | La historia prehispánica del actual territorio de Costa Rica abarca desde el establecimiento de los primeros pobladores dimanados de Asia (estrecho de Bering), hasta el arribo de los españoles a América, con la consiguiente implantación paulatina de su cultura. Hay evidencias arqueológicas que permiten ubicar la llegada de los primeros seres humanos al territorio de la actual Costa Rica entre el 10 000 a. e. c. y el 7000 a. e. c.. Durante el II milenio a. e. c. ya existían pequeñas comunidades agrícolas sedentarias. Entre el 300 a. C. y el 300 d. C. muchas comunidades pasaron de la organización tribal o gentilicia, basada en relaciones de parentesco, escasamente jerarquizada y de producción autosubsistencial, a una organización jerarquizada, con caciques, líderes religiosos o chamanes, artesanos especialistas, etc. Esta organización social surgió por la necesidad de organizar la producción y el intercambio y dirigir las relaciones con otras comunidades, así como las actividades ofensivas y defensivas. Estos grupos establecieron divisiones territoriales más amplias para producir más alimentos y controlar las fuentes de materias primas. A partir del siglo IX ciertas aldeas crecieron en tamaño dando lugar a la época de los cacicazgos tardíos, que se prolongaría hasta el siglo XVI, con mayor jerarquización social y construcción de grandes obras de infraestructura. (es) The pre-Columbian history of Costa Rica extends from the establishment of the first settlers until the arrival of Christopher Columbus to the Americas. Archaeological evidence allows us to date the arrival of the first humans to Costa Rica to between 7000 and 10,000 BC. By the second millennium BC sedentary farming communities already existed. Between 300 BC and AD 300 many communities moved from a tribal, clan-centric organization – kinship-based, rarely hierarchical and dependent on self-sustenance – to a hierarchical one, with caciques (chiefs), religious leaders or shamans, artisan specialists and so on. This social organization arose from the need to organize manufacture and trade, manage relations with other communities and plan offensive and defensive activities. These groups established broader territorial divisions to produce more food and control wider sources of raw materials. From the 9th century certain villages grew in size, and the latter-period chiefdoms of the 16th century came to develop greater social hierarchies and major improvements in infrastructure. (en) Precolumbiaans Costa Rica omvat het deel van de geschiedenis van Costa Rica vanaf de komst van de eerste mensen omstreeks 20.000 jaar geleden tot de Spaanse verovering in 1502. (nl) |
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| dbp:caption | A Diquis human effigy pendant. (en) Stone sphere made by the Diquis culture. (en) Pre-Columbian Ceramics from Nicoya, Costa Rica. (en) A Pre-Columbian incense burner with a crocodile lid. (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Precolumbiaans Costa Rica omvat het deel van de geschiedenis van Costa Rica vanaf de komst van de eerste mensen omstreeks 20.000 jaar geleden tot de Spaanse verovering in 1502. (nl) La historia prehispánica del actual territorio de Costa Rica abarca desde el establecimiento de los primeros pobladores dimanados de Asia (estrecho de Bering), hasta el arribo de los españoles a América, con la consiguiente implantación paulatina de su cultura. Hay evidencias arqueológicas que permiten ubicar la llegada de los primeros seres humanos al territorio de la actual Costa Rica entre el 10 000 a. e. c. y el 7000 a. e. c.. Durante el II milenio a. e. c. ya existían pequeñas comunidades agrícolas sedentarias. (es) The pre-Columbian history of Costa Rica extends from the establishment of the first settlers until the arrival of Christopher Columbus to the Americas. Archaeological evidence allows us to date the arrival of the first humans to Costa Rica to between 7000 and 10,000 BC. By the second millennium BC sedentary farming communities already existed. Between 300 BC and AD 300 many communities moved from a tribal, clan-centric organization – kinship-based, rarely hierarchical and dependent on self-sustenance – to a hierarchical one, with caciques (chiefs), religious leaders or shamans, artisan specialists and so on. This social organization arose from the need to organize manufacture and trade, manage relations with other communities and plan offensive and defensive activities. These groups establ (en) |
| rdfs:label | Pre-Columbian history of Costa Rica (en) Historia prehispánica de Costa Rica (es) Precolumbiaans Costa Rica (nl) |
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