Preston Brooks (original) (raw)
برستون بروكس (بالإنجليزية: Preston Brooks) هو محامي وسياسي أمريكي، ولد في 5 أغسطس 1819 في الولايات المتحدة، وتوفي في 27 يناير 1857 في نفس البلد. حزبياً، نشط في الحزب الديمقراطي. وقد انتخب عضو مجلس نواب كارولاينا الجنوبية وانتخب عضو مجلس النواب الأمريكي عن دائرة South Carolina's 4th congressional district .
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| dbo:abstract | برستون بروكس (بالإنجليزية: Preston Brooks) هو محامي وسياسي أمريكي، ولد في 5 أغسطس 1819 في الولايات المتحدة، وتوفي في 27 يناير 1857 في نفس البلد. حزبياً، نشط في الحزب الديمقراطي. وقد انتخب عضو مجلس نواب كارولاينا الجنوبية وانتخب عضو مجلس النواب الأمريكي عن دائرة South Carolina's 4th congressional district . (ar) Preston Smith Brooks (* 6. August 1819 in Edgefield, South Carolina; † 27. Januar 1857 in Washington, D.C.) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker (Demokratische Partei). Brooks war der erste Sohn einer der einflussreichsten Pflanzerfamilien South Carolinas. Er besuchte die Moses Waddel School in und anschließend das South Carolina College, dessen er allerdings 1839 ohne Abschluss verwiesen wurde, weil er versucht hatte, seinen Bruder mit Waffengewalt aus dem Gefängnis zu befreien. 1840 war er in ein Duell mit dem späteren Senator Louis Wigfall verwickelt, bei dem er an der Hüfte verwundet wurde, wodurch er zeit seines Lebens auf einen Stock als Gehhilfe angewiesen war. 1841 heiratete er Caroline H. Means, die noch im selben Jahr starb. Aus der folgenden Ehe mit ihrer Cousine Martha C. Means gingen vier Kinder hervor. 1845 erfolgte Brooks’ Aufnahme in die Rechtsanwaltskammer und, mit der Wahl in das Repräsentantenhaus von South Carolina, der Beginn seiner politischen Laufbahn. Bei Ausbruch des Mexikanisch-Amerikanischen Krieges im Jahr 1846 meldete er sich als Hauptmann zum Palmetto-Regiment, eine Typhuserkrankung verhinderte allerdings seine Teilnahme am Kampf. Brooks wurde 1853 ins Repräsentantenhaus der Vereinigten Staaten gewählt. (de) Preston Smith Brooks (August 5, 1819 – January 27, 1857) was an American politician and member of the U.S. House of Representatives from South Carolina, serving from 1853 until his resignation in July 1856 and again from August 1856 until his death. Brooks, a Democrat, was a strong advocate of slavery and states' rights. He is most remembered for his May 22, 1856 attack upon abolitionist and Republican Senator Charles Sumner, whom he beat nearly to death; Brooks beat Sumner with a cane on the floor of the United States Senate in retaliation for an anti-slavery speech in which Sumner verbally attacked Brooks's first cousin once removed, South Carolina Senator Andrew Butler. Sumner was seriously injured by Brooks's beating, and was unable to resume his seat in the Senate for three years, though eventually he recovered and resumed his Senate career. The Massachusetts Legislature reelected Sumner in 1856, "and let his seat sit vacant during his absence as a reminder of Southern brutality". An attempt to oust Brooks from the House of Representatives failed, and he received only token punishment in his criminal trial. He resigned his seat in July 1856 to allow his constituents to express their view on his conduct; they reelected him in the August special election to fill the vacancy created by his resignation. He was re-elected to a full term in November 1856, but died in January 1857, five weeks before the new term began in March. As described by historian Stephen Puleo, "The caning had an enormous impact on the events that followed over the next four years. ... As a result of the caning, the country was pushed, inexorably and unstoppably, to civil war." (en) 프레스턴 브룩스(Preston Smith Brooks, 1819년 8월 5일 ~ 1857년 1월 27일)는 미합중국 사우스캐롤라이나주에서 선출된 민주당 하원의원으로 1853년부터 그가 사망한 1857년까지 4년간 의원직을 역임했다. 브룩스는 노예제도의 열렬한 지지자였다. 그러나 그가 역사에서 기억되는 것은 1856년 5월 22일 노예폐지론자이며, 자유토지당 상원 의원 찰스 섬너를 지팡이로 심하게 구타하여 의식불명에 빠트린 사람이라는 것뿐이다. 이 사건은 섬너의 반노예제도 연설에 대한 보복행위였으며, 그 연설에서 섬너가 브룩스의 삼촌 상원 의원(사우스캐롤라이나주 민주당원)을 공격하는 발언을 했던 것이다. 브룩스의 행위는 많은 남부 사람들의 찬사와 더불어, 북부 사람들에게는 혐오를 불러왔다. 비록 그를 하원에서 축출하려는 시도가 있었지만, 그는 즉각 사임을 했으며, 명목상의 처벌만 받고, 사우스캐롤라이나 하원에 재선되었다. 그러나 다음 임기가 시작되기 직전에 사망했다. 섬너는 중상을 입고, 3년간 상원에 복귀하지 못했으며, 결국에는 대부분 회복되었다. 브룩스의 행위는 전국적인 양극화 반응을 불러와 종종 긴장을 고조시켜 남북 전쟁을 촉발한 주요 요인으로 인용되고 있다. (ko) Preston Smith Brooks (Edgefield County (South Carolina), 5 augustus 1819 – Washington D.C., 27 januari 1857) was een Amerikaans politicus. Hij was van 1853 tot 1857 lid van het Huis van Afgevaardigden. Hij geniet vooral bekendheid omdat hij senator en abolitionist Charles Sumner bewusteloos sloeg op de senaatsvloer. (nl) Preston Smith Brooks (ur. 5 sierpnia 1819 w hrabstwie Edgefield, zm. 27 stycznia 1857 w Waszyngtonie) – amerykański polityk. (pl) Preston Smith Brooks, född den 5 augusti 1819 i Edgefield, South Carolina, död den 27 januari 1857 i Washington, var en amerikansk demokratisk politiker. Han blev 1843 praktiserande jurist och vann snart som stor plantageägare och medlem av South Carolinas legislatur politiskt inflytande i sin hemstat. År 1853 invaldes han i kongressen och gjorde sig där känd som en av demokraternas våldsammaste ytterlighetsmän. Brooks namn har vunnit en herostratisk ryktbarhet genom hans brutala överfall i senatens samlingssal på den gamle abolitionistledaren Charles Sumner, 22 maj 1856. Denne hade i ett tal fällt några utlåtelser, som Brooks ansåg sårande och han överföll efter sammanträdet den intet ont anande Sumner och bearbetade honom så våldsamt med en käpp i huvudet, att han fick allvarsamt men därav för sin återstående livstid. Ett förslag om Brooks uteslutande ur kongressen vann inte stadgad pluralitet, och då Brooks nedlade sitt mandat, blev han enhälligt återvald och under en triumfresa i södern överallt firad. Brooks överfall på Sumner plägar räknas som signalen till våldsmedels allmänna tillgripande i striden om slaveriet. (sv) 普雷斯顿·斯密·布鲁克斯（英語：Preston Smith Brooks，1819年8月5日－1857年1月27日），是民主党，南卡罗来纳州的众议员、美国众议院议员，1856年他袭击了马萨诸塞州的共和党参议员查尔斯·索姆奈，曾被认为是引发美国内战的导火索之一。 (zh) |
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| rdfs:comment | برستون بروكس (بالإنجليزية: Preston Brooks) هو محامي وسياسي أمريكي، ولد في 5 أغسطس 1819 في الولايات المتحدة، وتوفي في 27 يناير 1857 في نفس البلد. حزبياً، نشط في الحزب الديمقراطي. وقد انتخب عضو مجلس نواب كارولاينا الجنوبية وانتخب عضو مجلس النواب الأمريكي عن دائرة South Carolina's 4th congressional district . (ar) Preston Smith Brooks (Edgefield County (South Carolina), 5 augustus 1819 – Washington D.C., 27 januari 1857) was een Amerikaans politicus. Hij was van 1853 tot 1857 lid van het Huis van Afgevaardigden. Hij geniet vooral bekendheid omdat hij senator en abolitionist Charles Sumner bewusteloos sloeg op de senaatsvloer. (nl) Preston Smith Brooks (ur. 5 sierpnia 1819 w hrabstwie Edgefield, zm. 27 stycznia 1857 w Waszyngtonie) – amerykański polityk. (pl) 普雷斯顿·斯密·布鲁克斯（英語：Preston Smith Brooks，1819年8月5日－1857年1月27日），是民主党，南卡罗来纳州的众议员、美国众议院议员，1856年他袭击了马萨诸塞州的共和党参议员查尔斯·索姆奈，曾被认为是引发美国内战的导火索之一。 (zh) Preston Smith Brooks (* 6. August 1819 in Edgefield, South Carolina; † 27. Januar 1857 in Washington, D.C.) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker (Demokratische Partei). Brooks war der erste Sohn einer der einflussreichsten Pflanzerfamilien South Carolinas. Er besuchte die Moses Waddel School in und anschließend das South Carolina College, dessen er allerdings 1839 ohne Abschluss verwiesen wurde, weil er versucht hatte, seinen Bruder mit Waffengewalt aus dem Gefängnis zu befreien. 1840 war er in ein Duell mit dem späteren Senator Louis Wigfall verwickelt, bei dem er an der Hüfte verwundet wurde, wodurch er zeit seines Lebens auf einen Stock als Gehhilfe angewiesen war. 1841 heiratete er Caroline H. Means, die noch im selben Jahr starb. Aus der folgenden Ehe mit ihrer Cousine Martha C. Means (de) Preston Smith Brooks (August 5, 1819 – January 27, 1857) was an American politician and member of the U.S. House of Representatives from South Carolina, serving from 1853 until his resignation in July 1856 and again from August 1856 until his death. Sumner was seriously injured by Brooks's beating, and was unable to resume his seat in the Senate for three years, though eventually he recovered and resumed his Senate career. The Massachusetts Legislature reelected Sumner in 1856, "and let his seat sit vacant during his absence as a reminder of Southern brutality". (en) 프레스턴 브룩스(Preston Smith Brooks, 1819년 8월 5일 ~ 1857년 1월 27일)는 미합중국 사우스캐롤라이나주에서 선출된 민주당 하원의원으로 1853년부터 그가 사망한 1857년까지 4년간 의원직을 역임했다. 브룩스는 노예제도의 열렬한 지지자였다. 그러나 그가 역사에서 기억되는 것은 1856년 5월 22일 노예폐지론자이며, 자유토지당 상원 의원 찰스 섬너를 지팡이로 심하게 구타하여 의식불명에 빠트린 사람이라는 것뿐이다. 이 사건은 섬너의 반노예제도 연설에 대한 보복행위였으며, 그 연설에서 섬너가 브룩스의 삼촌 상원 의원(사우스캐롤라이나주 민주당원)을 공격하는 발언을 했던 것이다. 브룩스의 행위는 많은 남부 사람들의 찬사와 더불어, 북부 사람들에게는 혐오를 불러왔다. 비록 그를 하원에서 축출하려는 시도가 있었지만, 그는 즉각 사임을 했으며, 명목상의 처벌만 받고, 사우스캐롤라이나 하원에 재선되었다. 그러나 다음 임기가 시작되기 직전에 사망했다. 섬너는 중상을 입고, 3년간 상원에 복귀하지 못했으며, 결국에는 대부분 회복되었다. (ko) Preston Smith Brooks, född den 5 augusti 1819 i Edgefield, South Carolina, död den 27 januari 1857 i Washington, var en amerikansk demokratisk politiker. Han blev 1843 praktiserande jurist och vann snart som stor plantageägare och medlem av South Carolinas legislatur politiskt inflytande i sin hemstat. År 1853 invaldes han i kongressen och gjorde sig där känd som en av demokraternas våldsammaste ytterlighetsmän. Brooks namn har vunnit en herostratisk ryktbarhet genom hans brutala överfall i senatens samlingssal på den gamle abolitionistledaren Charles Sumner, 22 maj 1856. Denne hade i ett tal fällt några utlåtelser, som Brooks ansåg sårande och han överföll efter sammanträdet den intet ont anande Sumner och bearbetade honom så våldsamt med en käpp i huvudet, att han fick allvarsamt men där (sv) |
| rdfs:label | Preston Brooks (en) برستون بروكس (ar) Preston Brooks (de) 프레스턴 브룩스 (ko) Preston Brooks (nl) Preston Brooks (pl) Preston Brooks (sv) 普雷斯顿·斯密·布鲁克斯 (zh) |
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