Real ID Act (original) (raw)
- The Real ID Act of 2005 (stylized as REAL ID Act of 2005) is an Act of Congress that establishes requirements that driver licenses and identification cards issued by U.S. states and territories must satisfy to be accepted for accessing federal government facilities and nuclear power plants and for boarding airline flights in the United States. The requirements include verification of the personal information presented when applying for the identification document, security features on the document, and electronic sharing of databases between states. The act also made various modifications to U.S. immigration law regarding asylum, border security, deportation, and certain work visas. Enacted in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the provisions regarding identification documents were originally intended to take effect in 2008, but enforcement was repeatedly delayed due to widespread opposition and refusal by many state governments to implement them. Eventually states began to comply in 2012, and enforcement began in 2014 for certain federal facilities. After numerous extensions, by 2021 all states and territories were certified as compliant except American Samoa, which remained under review. As of 2022, the final and most significant phase of the implementation, regarding identification documents accepted for boarding flights, was scheduled for May 7, 2025, after being postponed many times. (en)
- 진정신원증법(영어: REAL ID Act)은 미국에서 2001년의 9·11 테러 이후에 상업용 비행기에 탑승하거나 연방정부 건물 또는 핵발전소 시설을 출입하는 사람의 신원을 확인하는 절차를 강화하기 위해 2005년 제정된 법이다. 이 법은 안보(security)나 인증(authentification)과 관련된 미국 연방법을, 그리고 미국의 주 정부가 운전면허증이나 신원증을 발급하는 절차의 표준과 관련된 미국 연방법을 수정한다. (ko)
- Акт о реальном удостоверении личности (англ. Real ID Act) — 109-13 (текст) (PDF), 119 Статья 302, вступившая в силу 11 мая 2005 года, представляет собой , который изменяет федеральный закон США, касающийся стандартов безопасности, аутентификации и процедур выдачи водительских прав и документов, удостоверяющих личность, а также различных иммиграционных вопросов, касающихся терроризма. Закон устанавливает требования к водительским удостоверениям штата и удостоверениям личности, которые должны приниматься федеральным правительством для «официальных целей», как это определено секретарём Министерства внутренней безопасности США. Министр внутренней безопасности (МВБ) определило «официальные цели» как посадку на рейсы коммерческих авиакомпаний и вход в федеральные здания и атомные электростанции, хотя закон даёт министру неограниченные полномочия требовать «федерального удостоверения личности» для любых других целей. Закон о реальном удостоверении личности (Real ID) реализует следующее: * Раздел II закона устанавливает новые федеральные стандарты для выдаваемых государством водительских прав и удостоверений личности, не являющихся водителями. * Изменение лимита виз для временных работников, медсестёр и граждан Австралии. * Финансирование некоторых отчётов и пилотных проектов, связанных с безопасностью границ. * Введение правил, касающихся «гарантий доставки» (аналогичных залогу, но для иностранцев, освобождённых до слушания дела). * Обновление и ужесточение законов о предоставлении убежища и депортации иностранцев за терроризм. * Отказ от законов, мешающих строительству физических барьеров на границах. 20 декабря 2013 года МВБ объявило, что реализация этапа 1 начнётся 20 января 2014 года, после годичного периода «отсрочки исполнения». Существует четыре запланированных этапа, три из которых применяются к областям, затрагивающим относительно небольшое количество людей, например, к штаб-квартире МВБ, атомным электростанциям и федеральным объектам с ограниченным и полуограниченным доступом, таким как военные базы. 8 января 2016 года МВБ опубликовало график реализации этапа 4, в котором говорится, что начиная с 22 января 2018 года пассажиры с водительскими правами, выданными государством, не соответствующим Закону о Real ID (и не получившим продление) должны будут предъявить альтернативную форму приемлемого удостоверения личности для внутренних авиаперелётов, чтобы сесть на свой рейс. Начиная с 3 мая 2023 года (первоначально запланированное на 1 октября 2020 года, но отложенное на год из-за пандемии COVID-19, а затем отложенное во второй раз) каждому авиапассажиру потребуется лицензия, соответствующая REAL ID, или другая приемлемая форма идентификации (например, паспорт гражданина США, паспортная карта США, или карта доверенного путешественника МВБ, например, , , , ) для внутренних авиаперелётов. По состоянию на июнь 2021 года все штаты и территории были сертифицированы как соответствующие требованиям, за исключением Американского Самоа, которое находится на рассмотрении. (ru)
- 2005年真实身份法(英語:Real ID Act of 2005, 美國聯邦公法第109–13號,119 Stat. 302,2005年5月11日頒佈)是美国的一项聯邦法律,修订了有关国家安全、身份验证、证件(例如驾驶执照)签发方面的联邦法律条文。根据该法律,美国居民原有的驾照及州身份证被定义为普通型(英語:Standard),需升级为真实型(英語:Real)或增强型(英語:Enhanced,限美国公民申领)后方可用于“真实身份法之目的”(英語:"Real ID" purposes,如进入机场等联邦机构);后续仍按原有标准签发的普通型证件会有特殊标记,而的庇护州不得向非法移民颁发真实型或增强型证件。该法原定2020年10月1日起实施,后由于2019冠状病毒病疫情延至2023年5月3日实施。 (zh)
- http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-119/pdf/STATUTE-119-Pg231.pdf
- https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_votes/vote1091/vote_109_1_00109.htm
- https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_votes/vote1091/vote_109_1_00117.htm
- http://unrealid.com
- https://web.archive.org/web/20110224023009/http:/no2realid.org/
- https://web.archive.org/web/20190517230436/http:/realnightmare.org/
- https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-110publ177/pdf/PLAW-110publ177.pdf
- https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-115publ323/pdf/PLAW-115publ323.pdf
- https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-116publ136/pdf/PLAW-116publ136.pdf
- https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-116publ260/pdf/PLAW-116publ260.pdf
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- An Act to establish and rapidly implement regulations for state driver's license and identification document security standards, to prevent terrorists from abusing the asylum laws of the United States, to unify terrorism-related grounds for inadmissibility and removal, and to ensure expeditious construction of the San Diego border fence. (en)
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- 진정신원증법(영어: REAL ID Act)은 미국에서 2001년의 9·11 테러 이후에 상업용 비행기에 탑승하거나 연방정부 건물 또는 핵발전소 시설을 출입하는 사람의 신원을 확인하는 절차를 강화하기 위해 2005년 제정된 법이다. 이 법은 안보(security)나 인증(authentification)과 관련된 미국 연방법을, 그리고 미국의 주 정부가 운전면허증이나 신원증을 발급하는 절차의 표준과 관련된 미국 연방법을 수정한다. (ko)
- 2005年真实身份法(英語:Real ID Act of 2005, 美國聯邦公法第109–13號,119 Stat. 302,2005年5月11日頒佈)是美国的一项聯邦法律,修订了有关国家安全、身份验证、证件(例如驾驶执照)签发方面的联邦法律条文。根据该法律,美国居民原有的驾照及州身份证被定义为普通型(英語:Standard),需升级为真实型(英語:Real)或增强型(英語:Enhanced,限美国公民申领)后方可用于“真实身份法之目的”(英語:"Real ID" purposes,如进入机场等联邦机构);后续仍按原有标准签发的普通型证件会有特殊标记,而的庇护州不得向非法移民颁发真实型或增强型证件。该法原定2020年10月1日起实施,后由于2019冠状病毒病疫情延至2023年5月3日实施。 (zh)
- The Real ID Act of 2005 (stylized as REAL ID Act of 2005) is an Act of Congress that establishes requirements that driver licenses and identification cards issued by U.S. states and territories must satisfy to be accepted for accessing federal government facilities and nuclear power plants and for boarding airline flights in the United States. The requirements include verification of the personal information presented when applying for the identification document, security features on the document, and electronic sharing of databases between states. The act also made various modifications to U.S. immigration law regarding asylum, border security, deportation, and certain work visas. (en)
- Акт о реальном удостоверении личности (англ. Real ID Act) — 109-13 (текст) (PDF), 119 Статья 302, вступившая в силу 11 мая 2005 года, представляет собой , который изменяет федеральный закон США, касающийся стандартов безопасности, аутентификации и процедур выдачи водительских прав и документов, удостоверяющих личность, а также различных иммиграционных вопросов, касающихся терроризма. Закон о реальном удостоверении личности (Real ID) реализует следующее: (ru)
- 진정신원증법 (ko)
- Real ID Act (en)
- Акт о реальном удостоверении личности (ru)
- 真实身份法 (zh)
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