| dbo:abstract |
التأثير البيولوجي للأشعة المؤينة هو دراسة التغيرات التي تحصل للخلية في حال تعرضها للأشعة المؤينة. إن التأين أساساً هو حالة عدم استقرار للذرة -التي هي أساس الوسط المادي- والتي تكون في هذه الحالة قد فقدت إلكتروناً أو أكثر لتنتقل من حالة الاعتدال ( الشحنة معدومة تقريبا) إلى حالة التأين أي امتلاك ( جاءت هذه الشحنة الموجبة من خسارة الذرة ألكترونا أو أكثر ) وكلما كانت خسارة الذرة للألكترونات أكبر، كلما كانت شحنتها الموجبة أكبر. (ar) Strahlenschäden sind Schäden, die durch ionisierende Strahlung an Lebewesen oder Material hervorgerufen werden. Die Strahlung kann aus natürlichen oder künstlichen Quellen stammen. Neutronenstrahlung wirkt nur indirekt ionisierend, verursacht aber ebenfalls Strahlenschäden. Strahlenschäden werden gelegentlich auch als Verstrahlung bezeichnet. Die Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Strahlenschäden wird als Strahlenresistenz bezeichnet. Wegen der Einschränkung auf Schädigungen durch ionisierende Strahlen sind mit „Strahlenschaden“ Schäden durch reine Wärmewirkung von Strahlung (z. B. Verbrennung (Medizin)) in der Regel nicht gemeint. Die Strahlung gibt beim Eindringen in Materie an die getroffenen Atome oder Moleküle Energie ab. Dabei werden unter anderem Atome räumlich verschoben, Elektronen aus den Atomhüllen geschlagen und chemische Bindungen aufgebrochen, wobei Radikale entstehen, die ihrerseits wieder Schäden hervorrufen können. (de) Radiation damage is the effect of ionizing radiation on physical objects including non-living structural materials. It can be either detrimental or beneficial for materials. Radiobiology is the study of the action of ionizing radiation on living things, including the health effects of radiation in humans. High doses of ionizing radiation can cause damage to living tissue such as radiation burning and harmful mutations such as causing cells to become cancerous, and can lead to health problems such as radiation poisoning. (en) Stralingsschade is de schade die een organisme ondervindt na blootstelling aan ioniserende straling. Door straling kunnen veranderingen (mutaties) in het DNA optreden. (nl) Degradação de materiais por radiação é um fenômeno físico resultante do efeito da radiação ionizante sob a . (pt) |
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التأثير البيولوجي للأشعة المؤينة هو دراسة التغيرات التي تحصل للخلية في حال تعرضها للأشعة المؤينة. إن التأين أساساً هو حالة عدم استقرار للذرة -التي هي أساس الوسط المادي- والتي تكون في هذه الحالة قد فقدت إلكتروناً أو أكثر لتنتقل من حالة الاعتدال ( الشحنة معدومة تقريبا) إلى حالة التأين أي امتلاك ( جاءت هذه الشحنة الموجبة من خسارة الذرة ألكترونا أو أكثر ) وكلما كانت خسارة الذرة للألكترونات أكبر، كلما كانت شحنتها الموجبة أكبر. (ar) Radiation damage is the effect of ionizing radiation on physical objects including non-living structural materials. It can be either detrimental or beneficial for materials. Radiobiology is the study of the action of ionizing radiation on living things, including the health effects of radiation in humans. High doses of ionizing radiation can cause damage to living tissue such as radiation burning and harmful mutations such as causing cells to become cancerous, and can lead to health problems such as radiation poisoning. (en) Stralingsschade is de schade die een organisme ondervindt na blootstelling aan ioniserende straling. Door straling kunnen veranderingen (mutaties) in het DNA optreden. (nl) Degradação de materiais por radiação é um fenômeno físico resultante do efeito da radiação ionizante sob a . (pt) Strahlenschäden sind Schäden, die durch ionisierende Strahlung an Lebewesen oder Material hervorgerufen werden. Die Strahlung kann aus natürlichen oder künstlichen Quellen stammen. Neutronenstrahlung wirkt nur indirekt ionisierend, verursacht aber ebenfalls Strahlenschäden. Strahlenschäden werden gelegentlich auch als Verstrahlung bezeichnet. Die Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Strahlenschäden wird als Strahlenresistenz bezeichnet. (de) |
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ضرر إشعاعي (ar) Strahlenschaden (de) Radiation damage (en) Stralingsschade (nl) Degradação de materiais por radiação (pt) |
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