Roman conquest of Anglesey (original) (raw)
A Conquista romana de Anglesey se deu em dois eventos principais no século I no contexto da conquista romana da Britânia. Depois de uma primeira investida, conhecida também como Massacre de Menai, em 60, a conquista final da ilha de Anglesey, conhecida na época como Mona, se deu em 77.
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| dbo:abstract | Los romanos invadieron el noroeste de la región de Gales entre los años 60-61 d. C., después de subyugar gran parte del sur de Gran Bretaña. La isla de Anglesey, llamada por los romanos en latín Mona, y en galés Môn, provenente de enisis mona, llegó a convertirse en un foco de resistencia al avance de Roma. Entre los años 60-61, el gobernador de Britania Cayo Suetonio Paulino dirigió un asalto exitoso en la isla, pero tuvo que abandonarlo para regresar al centro de la actual Inglaterra por una revuelta dirigida por Boudica. Olvidada por un tiempo, la siguiente operación contra Anglesey tuvo lugar en el año 77, bajo el mando de Cneo Julio Agrícola, que condujo a una larga ocupación romana. Ambas invasiones fueron registradas por el historiador romano Tácito. La primera se describe en su última obra, los Anales, escrita como una historia del imperio romano desde el reinado de Tiberio hasta el de Nerón. La segunda invasión se detalla en la obra Agrícola, que fue escrita para registrar y ensalzar la vida y los logros del suegro de Tácito. Después de la conquista, la literatura romana no menciona Anglesey. Los arqueólogos han localizado un fuerte fechado poco después de la conquista; más tarde, a mediados del periodo romano, hubo un asentamiento comercial en la orilla del estrecho de Menai. En las últimas décadas de la dominación romana hay instalaciones militares en las costas septentrionales y occidentales, y un poblado de cabañas apiñadas en una colina para su defensa. Sin embargo, no se conocen centros cívicos importantes ni viviendas de prestigio en la isla, y el cambio cultural parece haber sido mucho menor que en la mayoría de las demás partes del Imperio. (es) The Roman conquest of Anglesey refers to two separate invasions of Anglesey in North West Wales that occurred during the early decades of the Roman conquest of Britain in the 1st century CE. The first invasion of North Wales began after the Romans had subjugated much of southern Britain. It was led by the Provincial governor of Britannia, Suetonius Paulinus, who led a successful assault on the island in 60–61 CE, but had to withdraw because of the Boudican revolt. In 77 CE, Gnaeus Julius Agricola's thorough subjugation of the island left it under Roman rule until the end of Roman rule in Britain in the early 5th century CE. Anglesey, which was recorded in Latin as Mona and is still known as Môn in modern Welsh, was a place of resistance to Roman rule because it was an important centre for the Celtic Druids and their religious practices. After the conquest, there are no surviving Roman sources that mention Anglesey. Archaeologists have located a fort dated shortly after the first conquest near Cemlyn Bay; a trading settlement on the shore of the Menai Strait; and a village of huts huddled together on a hill for defence. In the last decades of Roman rule in Britain several military forts were built on the northern and western coasts to defend the island against Irish sea raiders. However, despite more than three centuries of Roman rule, archaeologists have found no evidence of major civic centres or villas on the island indicating that Romano-British culture lacked the influence it had in other parts of the Roman province of Britannia. The only Roman source for the island's two invasions is the Roman historian Tacitus. His last work The Annals, written as a history of the Roman Empire from Tiberius until Nero, mentions the first invasion by Suetonius Paulinus. The second invasion is detailed in Tacitus' work The Life of Gnaeus Julius Agricola, which was written to record and extol the life and accomplishments of his father-in-law. Tacitus may have used first-hand accounts from Agricola, who had been present with the Roman forces on both occasions. (en) Massacro di Menai è un nome dato da Richard Williams Morgan (1815-1889) alla relazione di Tacito riguardo al massacro di Druidi sull'isola di Anglesey sotto il comando di Gaio Svetonio Paolino durante la conquista romana della Britannia nel 60 o 61 d.C.. Secondo Morgan questa carneficina provocò una guerra di religione nel Paese, dalla quale il druidismo non si riprese mai. Il termine "Menai" fa riferimento allo stretto di Menai che separa l'isola dalla terraferma. Questo fu un evento chiave che portò alla rivolta di Budicca poiché Paolino attaccando l'isola lasciò il resto del Paese aperto agli attacchi. Tacito è l'unica fonte riguardo a questo attacco e non si conoscono fatti oltre a quelli contenuti negli Annali (14.30) e nella relazione successiva riguardo alla rivolta di Budicca nella Storia romana di Cassio Dione (62. 1-11). Questo è quanto riportato da Tacito: (it) A Conquista romana de Anglesey se deu em dois eventos principais no século I no contexto da conquista romana da Britânia. Depois de uma primeira investida, conhecida também como Massacre de Menai, em 60, a conquista final da ilha de Anglesey, conhecida na época como Mona, se deu em 77. (pt) |
| dbo:causalties | ? |
| dbo:combatant | Roman Empire Britons |
| dbo:commander | dbr:Gaius_Suetonius_Paulinus dbr:Gnaeus_Julius_Agricola |
| dbo:isPartOfMilitaryConflict | dbr:Roman_conquest_of_Britain |
| dbo:place | dbr:Anglesey |
| dbo:result | Roman victory |
| dbo:strength | ? |
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| rdfs:comment | A Conquista romana de Anglesey se deu em dois eventos principais no século I no contexto da conquista romana da Britânia. Depois de uma primeira investida, conhecida também como Massacre de Menai, em 60, a conquista final da ilha de Anglesey, conhecida na época como Mona, se deu em 77. (pt) Los romanos invadieron el noroeste de la región de Gales entre los años 60-61 d. C., después de subyugar gran parte del sur de Gran Bretaña. La isla de Anglesey, llamada por los romanos en latín Mona, y en galés Môn, provenente de enisis mona, llegó a convertirse en un foco de resistencia al avance de Roma. (es) The Roman conquest of Anglesey refers to two separate invasions of Anglesey in North West Wales that occurred during the early decades of the Roman conquest of Britain in the 1st century CE. The first invasion of North Wales began after the Romans had subjugated much of southern Britain. It was led by the Provincial governor of Britannia, Suetonius Paulinus, who led a successful assault on the island in 60–61 CE, but had to withdraw because of the Boudican revolt. In 77 CE, Gnaeus Julius Agricola's thorough subjugation of the island left it under Roman rule until the end of Roman rule in Britain in the early 5th century CE. (en) Massacro di Menai è un nome dato da Richard Williams Morgan (1815-1889) alla relazione di Tacito riguardo al massacro di Druidi sull'isola di Anglesey sotto il comando di Gaio Svetonio Paolino durante la conquista romana della Britannia nel 60 o 61 d.C.. Secondo Morgan questa carneficina provocò una guerra di religione nel Paese, dalla quale il druidismo non si riprese mai. Il termine "Menai" fa riferimento allo stretto di Menai che separa l'isola dalla terraferma. (it) |
| rdfs:label | Roman conquest of Anglesey (en) Conquista romana de Anglesey (es) Massacro di Menai (it) Conquista romana de Anglesey (pt) |
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