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El Cuerpo de Defensas Rurales o los Rurales (nombre popular), también conocidos como Guardia Rural, fue una fuerza montada mexicana que operó en todo el territorio nacional desde 1861 a 1914, y en algunos estados hasta 1947. Su misión era la defensa de zonas rurales en México, protegiendo diligencias y caravanas de ataques de bandoleros. El Cuerpo participó en la Guerra de Reforma, la Revolución Mexicana, la Guerra Cristera y su heredero actual en la guerra contra el narcotráfico. (es) In Mexico, the term Rurales (Spanish) is used in respect of two armed government forces. The historic Guardia Rural ('Rural Guard') was a rural mounted police force, founded by President Benito Juárez in 1861 and expanded by President Porfirio Díaz (r. 1876–1911). It served as an effective force of repression and a counterweight to the Mexican Army during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The rurales were dissolved during the Mexican Revolution. The modern Cuerpo de Defensa Rural ('Rural Defense Corps') is a part-time voluntary militia, generally used to support Federal forces. (en) Rurales è il nome normalmente utilizzato per indicare la Guardia Rural del Messico: un corpo di polizia o gendarmeria a cavallo esistito tra il 1861 ed il 1914. Esso venne poi riattivato negli anni '20 fino agli anni '50 e poi di nuovo con la forma attuale negli anni '70. La parola Rurales indica oggi i volontari della guardia rurale messicana. (it) De Rurales vormden de bereden politie in Mexico tijdens het Porfiriaat. De Rurales werden opgericht door Benito Juárez in 1862. Ze waren oorspronkelijk klein in aantal en bedoeld om het banditisme de kop in te drukken. In 1889 werden ze door dictator Porfirio Díaz omgevormd en uitgebreid, en werden ze een berucht apparaat om onrust op het platteland de kop in te drukken. Zo werden ze het meest gehate onderdeel van de dictatuur van Díaz. De Rurales droegen een grijs uniform, een rode das en een grote sombrero, gemodelleerd naar het uiterlijk van de charro's. Sommige staten probeerden hun eigen politiemachten op te richten gemodelleerd naar de Rurales, maar die werden niet zo bekend en berucht als de Rurales. Na de omverwerping van Porfirio Díaz bleven de Rurales bestaan onder het bestuur van Francisco I. Madero en Victoriano Huerta. Pas na de val van Huerta in 1915 werden ze opgeheven. (nl) Cuerpos de Defensa Rurales - "landsbygdens försvarskårer" är en frivillig milisorganisation organiserad av ejidos - de lokala jordbrukssamfälligheterna i Mexiko. (sv) Руралес (исп. Rurales — «сельские») — конная сельская полиция, действовавшая в Мексике с 1861 по 1914 год. (ru) Руралес (ісп. Rurales — «сільські») — верхова сільська поліція, яка діяла в Мексиці від 1861 до 1914 року. (uk) |
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Rurales in parade uniform during the Diaz era c. 1900. (en) |
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El Cuerpo de Defensas Rurales o los Rurales (nombre popular), también conocidos como Guardia Rural, fue una fuerza montada mexicana que operó en todo el territorio nacional desde 1861 a 1914, y en algunos estados hasta 1947. Su misión era la defensa de zonas rurales en México, protegiendo diligencias y caravanas de ataques de bandoleros. El Cuerpo participó en la Guerra de Reforma, la Revolución Mexicana, la Guerra Cristera y su heredero actual en la guerra contra el narcotráfico. (es) In Mexico, the term Rurales (Spanish) is used in respect of two armed government forces. The historic Guardia Rural ('Rural Guard') was a rural mounted police force, founded by President Benito Juárez in 1861 and expanded by President Porfirio Díaz (r. 1876–1911). It served as an effective force of repression and a counterweight to the Mexican Army during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The rurales were dissolved during the Mexican Revolution. The modern Cuerpo de Defensa Rural ('Rural Defense Corps') is a part-time voluntary militia, generally used to support Federal forces. (en) Rurales è il nome normalmente utilizzato per indicare la Guardia Rural del Messico: un corpo di polizia o gendarmeria a cavallo esistito tra il 1861 ed il 1914. Esso venne poi riattivato negli anni '20 fino agli anni '50 e poi di nuovo con la forma attuale negli anni '70. La parola Rurales indica oggi i volontari della guardia rurale messicana. (it) Cuerpos de Defensa Rurales - "landsbygdens försvarskårer" är en frivillig milisorganisation organiserad av ejidos - de lokala jordbrukssamfälligheterna i Mexiko. (sv) Руралес (исп. Rurales — «сельские») — конная сельская полиция, действовавшая в Мексике с 1861 по 1914 год. (ru) Руралес (ісп. Rurales — «сільські») — верхова сільська поліція, яка діяла в Мексиці від 1861 до 1914 року. (uk) De Rurales vormden de bereden politie in Mexico tijdens het Porfiriaat. De Rurales werden opgericht door Benito Juárez in 1862. Ze waren oorspronkelijk klein in aantal en bedoeld om het banditisme de kop in te drukken. In 1889 werden ze door dictator Porfirio Díaz omgevormd en uitgebreid, en werden ze een berucht apparaat om onrust op het platteland de kop in te drukken. Zo werden ze het meest gehate onderdeel van de dictatuur van Díaz. (nl) |
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