Sámi drum (original) (raw)
Le tambour sami (spåtrumman ou nåjdtrumman, en same de Lule : Goabdes, en same du Nord : Goavddis alternative meavrresgárri, en same du Sud : Gievrie) est un tambour de cérémonie qui joue un rôle central dans le chamanisme traditionnel sami et est depuis longtemps enraciné dans la vie et la culture sami.
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| dbo:abstract | Un tambor lapón es un chamánico de la cultura del pueblo lapón del norte de Europa. Los tambores ceremoniales lapones son de dos tipos: un tambor de cuenco en el cual el parche se encuentra tensado sobre un cuenco tallado en un nudo de madera, y un tambor de marco en el cual el cuero se extiende por sobre un delgado aro de madera conformada. Ambas versiones poseen una forma ovalada. El parche del tambor se fabrica con cuero de reno. En el shamanismo lapón, el noaidi – el chamán lapón– utiliza el tambor para entrar en trance, o para obtener información sobre el futuro o sobre otros sitios. El tambor es sostenido con una mano, y golpeado con la otra mano. Mientras el noaidi se encuentra en trance, su espíritu libre deja su cuerpo para visitar el mundo espiritual u otros sitios. Cuando se lo utiliza para adivinar, el tambor es utilizado con un martillito y un (puntero) fabricado de bronce o hueso. Las respuestas se obtienen interpretando donde es que el vuorbi se detuvo en la membrana y los símbolos que hay en dicha posición. Los dibujos en la membrana del tambor reflejan la visión sobre el mundo de su dueño y su familia, tanto en cuanto a aspectos religiosos como mundanos, tales como la gestión de las manadas de renos, la caza, el hogar y las relaciones con sus vecinos y la comunidad no lapona. Muchos tambores les fueron quitados a los lapones durante el siglo XVIII. Un número significativo fueron confiscados por los misioneros lapones y otras personas como parte de campañas de las misiones cristianas en el pueblo lapón. Otros tambores fueron adquiridos por coleccionistas. En el Museo nórdico de Estocolmo se preserva la más grande colección de tambores, que comprende unos 80 ejemplares. (es) Le tambour sami (spåtrumman ou nåjdtrumman, en same de Lule : Goabdes, en same du Nord : Goavddis alternative meavrresgárri, en same du Sud : Gievrie) est un tambour de cérémonie qui joue un rôle central dans le chamanisme traditionnel sami et est depuis longtemps enraciné dans la vie et la culture sami. (fr) A Sámi drum is a shamanic ceremonial drum used by the Sámi people of Northern Europe. Sámi ceremonial drums have two main variations, both oval-shaped: a bowl drum in which the drumhead is strapped over a burl, and a frame drum in which the drumhead stretches over a thin ring of bentwood. The drumhead is fashioned from reindeer hide. In Sámi shamanism, the noaidi used the drum to get into a trance, or to obtain information from the future, or other realms. The drum was held in one hand, and beaten with the other. While the noaidi was in trance, his "free spirit" was said to leave his body to visit the spirit-world. When used for divination, the drum was beaten with a drum hammer; a vuorbi ('index' or 'pointer'), a kind of die made of brass or horn, would move around on the drumhead when the drum was struck. Future events would be predicted according to the symbols upon which the vuorbi stopped on the membrane. The patterns on the drum membrane reflect the worldview of the owner and his family, both in religious and worldly matters, such as reindeer herding, hunting, householding, and relations with their neighbours and the non-Sámi community. Many drums were taken out of Sámi ownership and use during the Christianization of the Sámi people in the 17th and 18th centuries. Many drums were confiscated by Sámi missionaries and other officials as a part of an intensified Christian mission towards the Sámi. Other drums were bought by collectors. Between 70 and 80 drums are preserved; the largest collection of drums is at the Nordic Museum in Stockholm. (en) Den samiska trumman, spåtrumman, nåjdtrumman eller shamantrumman (lulesamiska: Goabdes, nordsamiska: Goavddis alternativt meavrresgárri, sydsamiska: Gievrie), är en ceremonitrumma som har en central roll inom traditionell samisk religion och länge funnits förankrad i det samiska livet och kulturen. (sv) 科布达斯鼓（Kobdas），是拉普人巫覡宗教使用的一种。为用来降神及占卜的魔鼓。鼓的构造是一个圆形骨架上覆以驯鹿皮膜。上常以桤木树皮汁液涂绘出一些神像、诺埃蒂守护神及冥府地点等。并以金属、碎骨、牙齿、动物爪子等装饰。 (zh) |
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| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://old.no/samidrum/locations.html http://www.saivu.com/web/index.php%3Fsladja=77&vuolitsladja=85&giella1=eng http://digitaltmuseum.se/search%3Fsubjects=%22Lapska+f%C3%B6rem%C3%A5l+:+Kultf%C3%B6rem%C3%A5l+:+Trummor%22 http://www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/DKNVS_skrifter/article/view/1100/1019 http://www.ntnu.no/vitenskapsmuseet/les-spor-her http://www.samer.se/1209 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2007041210001 http://www.ub.uit.no/munin/bitstream/10037/910/1/article.pdf http://www.utexas.edu/courses/sami/diehtu/giella/music/noaidi.htm |
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| dbp:captionAlign | center (en) |
| dbp:date | November 2019 (en) |
| dbp:footer | The drum of Anders Paulsen and the Bindal drum represent the variation in Sami drums, their shape, decoration and history. Paulsen's drum was confiscated in Vadsø in 1691, while the Bindal drum was bought by a museum official in 1925; Vadsø and Bindal being in opposite corners of the Sami world. Paulsens's drum has a typical Northern Sámi pattern, with several separate levels representing the different layers of spiritual worlds. The Bindal drum has a typical Southern Sami decoration: a rhombus shaped sun symbol in the center, with other symbols around the sun, representing people, animals, landscape and deities. (en) The drum hammer from Rendalen has a typical, symmetric T-shape. This hammer from the 11th century is regarded an indicator for early Sámi presence in southern Norway. The vuorbi was made of brass, horn or bone. (en) |
| dbp:headerAlign | center (en) |
| dbp:image | Sámi mythology shaman drum Samisk mytologi schamantrumma 079.png (en) Sami rune drum hammer history museum Oslo.jpg (en) Sámi mythology shaman drum Samisk mytologi schamantrumma 001.png (en) Viser til runebomme fra Jåmafjell.jpg (en) |
| dbp:reason | similar to typhlology (en) |
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| rdf:type | owl:Thing |
| rdfs:comment | Le tambour sami (spåtrumman ou nåjdtrumman, en same de Lule : Goabdes, en same du Nord : Goavddis alternative meavrresgárri, en same du Sud : Gievrie) est un tambour de cérémonie qui joue un rôle central dans le chamanisme traditionnel sami et est depuis longtemps enraciné dans la vie et la culture sami. (fr) Den samiska trumman, spåtrumman, nåjdtrumman eller shamantrumman (lulesamiska: Goabdes, nordsamiska: Goavddis alternativt meavrresgárri, sydsamiska: Gievrie), är en ceremonitrumma som har en central roll inom traditionell samisk religion och länge funnits förankrad i det samiska livet och kulturen. (sv) 科布达斯鼓（Kobdas），是拉普人巫覡宗教使用的一种。为用来降神及占卜的魔鼓。鼓的构造是一个圆形骨架上覆以驯鹿皮膜。上常以桤木树皮汁液涂绘出一些神像、诺埃蒂守护神及冥府地点等。并以金属、碎骨、牙齿、动物爪子等装饰。 (zh) Un tambor lapón es un chamánico de la cultura del pueblo lapón del norte de Europa. Los tambores ceremoniales lapones son de dos tipos: un tambor de cuenco en el cual el parche se encuentra tensado sobre un cuenco tallado en un nudo de madera, y un tambor de marco en el cual el cuero se extiende por sobre un delgado aro de madera conformada. Ambas versiones poseen una forma ovalada. El parche del tambor se fabrica con cuero de reno. (es) A Sámi drum is a shamanic ceremonial drum used by the Sámi people of Northern Europe. Sámi ceremonial drums have two main variations, both oval-shaped: a bowl drum in which the drumhead is strapped over a burl, and a frame drum in which the drumhead stretches over a thin ring of bentwood. The drumhead is fashioned from reindeer hide. The patterns on the drum membrane reflect the worldview of the owner and his family, both in religious and worldly matters, such as reindeer herding, hunting, householding, and relations with their neighbours and the non-Sámi community. (en) |
| rdfs:label | Tambor lapón (es) Tambour sami (fr) Sámi drum (en) Samisk trumma (sv) 科布达斯鼓 (zh) |
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