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Science and Civilisation in China ist eine Buchreihe zur Wissenschafts- und Technikgeschichte in China, die von Joseph Needham und internationalen Gelehrten des Needham Research Institute herausgegeben wurde. (de) Science and Civilisation in China (1954–present) is an ongoing series of books about the history of science and technology in China published by Cambridge University Press. It was initiated and edited by British historian Joseph Needham (1900–1995). Needham was a well-respected scientist before undertaking this encyclopedia and was even responsible for the "S" in UNESCO. To date there have been seven volumes in twenty-seven books. The series was on the Modern Library Board's 100 Best Nonfiction books of the 20th century. Needham's work was the first of its kind to praise Chinese scientific contributions and provide their history and connection to global knowledge in contrast to eurocentric historiography. By asking his grand questions: why did modern science not develop in China, and why China was technologically superior to the West prior to the 16th century, Needham’s Science and Civilisation in China is also recognized as one of most influential works in stimulating the discourse on the multicultural roots of modern science. In 1954, Needham—along with an international team of collaborators—initiated the project to study the science, technology, and civilisation of ancient China. This project produced a series of volumes published by Cambridge University Press. The project is still continuing under the guidance of the Publications Board of the Needham Research Institute (NRI), chaired by Christopher Cullen. Volume 3 of the encyclopedia was the first body of work to describe Chinese improvements to cartography, geology, seismology and mineralogy. It also includes descriptions of nautical technology, sailing charts, and wheel-maps. Needham's transliteration of Chinese characters uses the Wade-Giles system, though the aspirate apostrophe (e.g., ch'i) was rendered 'h' (viz. chhi; traditional Chinese: 氣; Mandarin Pinyin: qì). However, it was abandoned in favor of the pinyin system by the NRI board in April 2004, with Volume 5, Part 11 becoming the first to use the new system. (en) 《中国科学技术史》（英语：Science and Civilization in China）乃李约瑟研究所李約瑟博士和国际学者们所編著的一套關於中國的科学技术历史的著作。李約瑟在書中列出中國人的發明：火藥、造紙術、印刷術和指南針。他還考察了鋼鐵冶煉技術、機械鐘錶、以及把旋轉運動變成直線運動的傳動帶和傳動鏈、拱橋和鐵索橋、深井鑽探設備等工程技術發明，水上航行用的明輪船、前桅帆、後桅帆、水密隔艙和尾舵等。 李約瑟寫道：「就技術的影響而言，在文藝復興之時和之前，中國佔據著一個強大的支配地位。……世界受中國古代和中世紀的頑強的手工業者之賜遠遠大於受亞歷山大時代的技工、能言善辯的神學家之賜。」 简体中文译本由李约瑟 《中国科学技术史》翻译出版委员会翻译，（主任委员 卢嘉锡、副主任委员 路甬祥等）由科学出版社出版和上海古籍出版社出版。繁体中文译本由臺灣商務印書館出版。 (zh) |
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Science and Civilisation in China ist eine Buchreihe zur Wissenschafts- und Technikgeschichte in China, die von Joseph Needham und internationalen Gelehrten des Needham Research Institute herausgegeben wurde. (de) 《中国科学技术史》（英语：Science and Civilization in China）乃李约瑟研究所李約瑟博士和国际学者们所編著的一套關於中國的科学技术历史的著作。李約瑟在書中列出中國人的發明：火藥、造紙術、印刷術和指南針。他還考察了鋼鐵冶煉技術、機械鐘錶、以及把旋轉運動變成直線運動的傳動帶和傳動鏈、拱橋和鐵索橋、深井鑽探設備等工程技術發明，水上航行用的明輪船、前桅帆、後桅帆、水密隔艙和尾舵等。 李約瑟寫道：「就技術的影響而言，在文藝復興之時和之前，中國佔據著一個強大的支配地位。……世界受中國古代和中世紀的頑強的手工業者之賜遠遠大於受亞歷山大時代的技工、能言善辯的神學家之賜。」 简体中文译本由李约瑟 《中国科学技术史》翻译出版委员会翻译，（主任委员 卢嘉锡、副主任委员 路甬祥等）由科学出版社出版和上海古籍出版社出版。繁体中文译本由臺灣商務印書館出版。 (zh) Science and Civilisation in China (1954–present) is an ongoing series of books about the history of science and technology in China published by Cambridge University Press. It was initiated and edited by British historian Joseph Needham (1900–1995). Needham was a well-respected scientist before undertaking this encyclopedia and was even responsible for the "S" in UNESCO. To date there have been seven volumes in twenty-seven books. The series was on the Modern Library Board's 100 Best Nonfiction books of the 20th century. Needham's work was the first of its kind to praise Chinese scientific contributions and provide their history and connection to global knowledge in contrast to eurocentric historiography. (en) |
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