Senate (original) (raw)
El Senat és una cambra de representació, existent en els països amb sistemes bicamerals, i que és considerada la cambra alta, formant junt amb la cambra baixa, el parlament.
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| dbo:abstract | El Senat és una cambra de representació, existent en els països amb sistemes bicamerals, i que és considerada la cambra alta, formant junt amb la cambra baixa, el parlament. (ca) مجلس الشيوخ هو هيئة سياسية من هيئات السلطة التشريعية، وغالبا ما يكون مجلس الأعيان أو المجلس التشريعي. يذكر أن أول مجلس شيوخ في العالم هو مجلس الشيوخ الروماني. (ar) Senát (z latinského výrazu senex – stařec) je zastupitelský orgán (zákonodárný sbor), obvykle je horní komorou parlamentu. Člen senátu se nazývá . (cs) Der Senat (lateinisch senatus von senex „Greis, alter Mann“), wörtlich „Ältestenrat“, ist ein Kollegialorgan, das der Exekutive, Legislative oder auch Judikative zugehören und unterschiedliche Funktionen und Aufgabenfelder wahrnehmen kann. Die Mitglieder eines Senats werden meist Senatoren (Singular: Senator; weibliche Form: Senatorin) genannt. Siehe auch: Ältester und Alter (zur traditionellen Wertschätzung der „Alten“) (de) Γερουσία, ονομάζεται το Δεύτερο Νομοθετικό Σώμα που υφίσταται σήμερα σε ορισμένες Χώρες που διοικούνται κοινοβουλευτικά. Σε ορισμένες εξ αυτών λέγεται και Άνω Βουλή (Βουλή των Λόρδων (στη Μ. Βρετανία)) σε αντίθεση με την Κάτω Βουλή (Βουλή των Κοινοτήτων), ως πρώτο νομοθετικό Σώμα. Η ονομασία αυτή διατηρείται από την ελληνική αρχαιότητα που έλαβε από τότε το όνομα Γερουσία ή Γερωνία ή Γερωσία, επειδή την αποτελούσαν γέροντες καλούμενοι και "πρεσβυγενείς", οι οποίοι είχαν συμπληρώσει το 60ο έτος ηλικίας τους. (el) Senato estas konsilio de diversaj specoj: * Romia Senato: ŝtat-gvida konsilio, origine patricia, de Romio * speco de en kelkaj urboj * ĉambro de (precipe duĉambra) parlamento, ekzemple * la Aŭstralia Senato * la Belga Senato * la * la Brazila Senato * la * la (ĝis 1919) * la * la Senato de Francio * la Hispana Senato * la * la Itala Senato * la Kanada Senato * la * la * la Senato de Pola Respubliko * la * la Usona Senato * foje: konstruaĵo, en kiu iam kunvenis konsilio * la Senato en la moskva Kremlo La vorto devenas de la latina senex = "maljunulo", kio dokumentas, ke origine ĝi estis konsilio de homoj, kiuj per alta aĝo akiris iom da sperto kaj eble da objektiveco. (eo) Senatu (latinezko senātus hitzetik ekarria) bi legebiltzar dituzten zenbait estatutan, gehienbat ohorezko biltzarra da. (eu) Se denomina Senado, Cámara de Senadores o Cámara Alta a una de las cámaras que conforman el Poder Legislativo -Congreso, Asamblea Nacional o Parlamento- en países donde este es . Existe habitualmente en países con una forma de Estado federal: en estos, el Senado representa a las entidades territoriales -estados, provincias o cantones- que los componen. El Senado romano fue la primera institución de su tipo y por mucho tiempo considerado como el modelo constitucional en el sentido de cámara revisora. (es) A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: Senatus), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: senex meaning "the elder" or "old man") and therefore considered wiser and more experienced members of the society or ruling class. However the Roman Senate was not the ancestor or predecessor of modern parliamentarism in any sense, because the Roman senate was not a legislative body. Many countries have an assembly named a senate, composed of senators who may be elected, appointed, have inherited the title, or gained membership by other methods, depending on the country. Modern senates typically serve to provide a chamber of "sober second thought" to consider legislation passed by a lower house, whose members are usually elected. Most senates have asymmetrical duties and powers compared with their respective lower house meaning they have special duties, for example to fill important political positions or to pass special laws. Conversely many senates have limited powers in changing or stopping bills under consideration and efforts to stall or veto a bill may be bypassed by the lower house or another branch of government. (en) Senat adalah suatu badan deliberatif yang biasanya merupakan majelis tinggi dari badan legislatif di negara yang menganut sistem dua kamar seperti Amerika Serikat dan Australia. Nama senat barasal dari Senat Romawi kuno (bahasa Latin: Senatus). Anggota senat disebut senator. Indonesia pernah memiliki senat ketika berbentuk Republik Indonesia Serikat yang anggotanya merupakan perwakilan dari seluruh provinsi di Indonesia (sekarang berubah menjadi Dewan Perwakilan Daerah dan anggotanya tetap disebut senator). Di Indonesia sering disalahartikan dengan mahasiswa yang memiliki keaktifan dalam berorganisasi di lingkungan kampus. (in) ( 다른 뜻에 대해서는 원로원 (동음이의) 문서를 참고하십시오.) 원로원(元老院, 라틴어: Senatus, 영어: senate)은 고대사회의 의회 또는 상원 등에 해당하는 이다. 역사상 이와 같은 회의체가 있어왔으며 낱말 senate는 사회와 지배계급에서 가장 나이가 많고 똑똑한 구성원들의 모임을 가리킨다. 최초의 공식적인 원로원 가운데 두 가지가 스파르타의 게루시아와 로마 원로원이 있다. (ko) Een senaat is een overlegorgaan, meestal de hogere kamer van een volksvertegenwoordiging. De originele senaat was de Romeinse senaat. De eerste moderne senaat was de Amerikaanse Senaat, die zijn naam overnam van zijn Romeinse voorganger. Sindsdien wordt de naam senaat vaak gegeven aan vergelijkbare hogerhuizen. In Nederland wordt de Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal officieus ook wel de Senaat genoemd. In België is Senaat de officiële naam voor het hogere huis van de volksvertegenwoordiging. (nl) 元老院（げんろういん、羅: senatus）は、王政ローマにおける王の助言機関、また、後の共和政ローマにおける統治機関、更に、後のローマ帝国皇帝の諮問機関を指す語である。また現在では、多くの国が上院の呼称に用いる語でもある。senatusに由来する名称の機関は必ずしも「元老院」と訳されるわけではないが、本項では便宜上「元老院」と表記する。 (ja) Senato è il nome che, nel parlamento della maggior parte degli ordinamenti bicamerali, è attribuito a una delle due camere e, precisamente, alla cosiddetta camera alta. (it) Um senado é uma assembleia deliberativa, em muitos casos a câmara alta de uma legislatura ou parlamento bicamarais. Os membros ou legisladores de um senado são denominados "senadores". Os senados modernos têm geralmente a função de avaliar e ponderar a legislação promulgada por uma câmara baixa, cujos membros são geralmente eleitos. O seu significado deriva de uma forma antiga de organização social em que os poderes legislativos ou consultivos estavam restritos aos homens mais velhos. O termo "senado" geralmente refere-se a qualquer autoridade plenária geralmente constituída pelos membros mais velhos de determinada comunidade, como o corpo deliberativo de uma universidade ou instituição de ensino superior. Nos estados democráticos modernos com sistemas parlamentares bicamarais, existe por vezes um senado, geralmente referido como a câmara alta de forma a distingui-lo de uma câmara baixa, e em que a lei pode exigir uma idade mínima para eleitores e candidatos. O acesso ao senado pode ser determinado por eleições, como por exemplo no Senado Australiano ou por nomeações, como por exemplo no Senado Canadiano. (pt) Сена́т (лат. senātus; от лат. senex — букв. «старик») — один из высших органов государственной власти, часто верхняя палата законодательного собрания (парламента). В некоторых странах сенатом называют отделения в составе высших судебных инстанций. Членов сената называют «сенаторами». Происхождение слова связано с одной из древнейших форм социального устройства, в которой власть принадлежала племенным старейшинам, а посему термин «сенат», как правило, трактуется, как «совет старейшин». Название «сенат» вошло в мировой обиход вслед за сенатом Древнего Рима, основанным около VIII века до н. э. и прекратившим свою деятельность в VI веке н. э. В Византийской империи сенат, под названием «синклит», существовал до её разгрома крестоносцами (1204). (ru) En senat är en beslutande församling. Den romerska senaten, den främsta rådsförsamlingen i antikens Rom, var den första. I modern tid används begreppet i flera länder, bland annat USA och Frankrike, om den övre av den lagstiftande församlingens två kammare. Även stadsstyrelserna i de tyska städerna Berlin, Hamburg, Bremen och Lübeck kallas senater. I USA brukar de även övre kammarna i delstatsförsamlingarna benämnas som senat. Ordet kommer av latinets senatus, ’senat’, av senex, ’gubbe’, ’gumma’. Ordagrant kan senatus översättas med ’äldsteråd’. (sv) Сена́т (лат. senatus — «рада старійшин») — у Стародавньому Римі найвища державна рада; у ряді держав один з найвищих державних органів; у багатьох державах одна з законодавчих палат парламенту, судова колегія при вищих судах, або найвищий суд (наприклад, Державний Сенат в Україні за гетьманату П. Скоропадського); також колегіальний орган управління у деяких вищих навчальних закладах. (uk) |
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| rdfs:comment | El Senat és una cambra de representació, existent en els països amb sistemes bicamerals, i que és considerada la cambra alta, formant junt amb la cambra baixa, el parlament. (ca) مجلس الشيوخ هو هيئة سياسية من هيئات السلطة التشريعية، وغالبا ما يكون مجلس الأعيان أو المجلس التشريعي. يذكر أن أول مجلس شيوخ في العالم هو مجلس الشيوخ الروماني. (ar) Senát (z latinského výrazu senex – stařec) je zastupitelský orgán (zákonodárný sbor), obvykle je horní komorou parlamentu. Člen senátu se nazývá . (cs) Der Senat (lateinisch senatus von senex „Greis, alter Mann“), wörtlich „Ältestenrat“, ist ein Kollegialorgan, das der Exekutive, Legislative oder auch Judikative zugehören und unterschiedliche Funktionen und Aufgabenfelder wahrnehmen kann. Die Mitglieder eines Senats werden meist Senatoren (Singular: Senator; weibliche Form: Senatorin) genannt. Siehe auch: Ältester und Alter (zur traditionellen Wertschätzung der „Alten“) (de) Γερουσία, ονομάζεται το Δεύτερο Νομοθετικό Σώμα που υφίσταται σήμερα σε ορισμένες Χώρες που διοικούνται κοινοβουλευτικά. Σε ορισμένες εξ αυτών λέγεται και Άνω Βουλή (Βουλή των Λόρδων (στη Μ. Βρετανία)) σε αντίθεση με την Κάτω Βουλή (Βουλή των Κοινοτήτων), ως πρώτο νομοθετικό Σώμα. Η ονομασία αυτή διατηρείται από την ελληνική αρχαιότητα που έλαβε από τότε το όνομα Γερουσία ή Γερωνία ή Γερωσία, επειδή την αποτελούσαν γέροντες καλούμενοι και "πρεσβυγενείς", οι οποίοι είχαν συμπληρώσει το 60ο έτος ηλικίας τους. (el) Senatu (latinezko senātus hitzetik ekarria) bi legebiltzar dituzten zenbait estatutan, gehienbat ohorezko biltzarra da. (eu) Se denomina Senado, Cámara de Senadores o Cámara Alta a una de las cámaras que conforman el Poder Legislativo -Congreso, Asamblea Nacional o Parlamento- en países donde este es . Existe habitualmente en países con una forma de Estado federal: en estos, el Senado representa a las entidades territoriales -estados, provincias o cantones- que los componen. El Senado romano fue la primera institución de su tipo y por mucho tiempo considerado como el modelo constitucional en el sentido de cámara revisora. (es) Senat adalah suatu badan deliberatif yang biasanya merupakan majelis tinggi dari badan legislatif di negara yang menganut sistem dua kamar seperti Amerika Serikat dan Australia. Nama senat barasal dari Senat Romawi kuno (bahasa Latin: Senatus). Anggota senat disebut senator. Indonesia pernah memiliki senat ketika berbentuk Republik Indonesia Serikat yang anggotanya merupakan perwakilan dari seluruh provinsi di Indonesia (sekarang berubah menjadi Dewan Perwakilan Daerah dan anggotanya tetap disebut senator). Di Indonesia sering disalahartikan dengan mahasiswa yang memiliki keaktifan dalam berorganisasi di lingkungan kampus. (in) ( 다른 뜻에 대해서는 원로원 (동음이의) 문서를 참고하십시오.) 원로원(元老院, 라틴어: Senatus, 영어: senate)은 고대사회의 의회 또는 상원 등에 해당하는 이다. 역사상 이와 같은 회의체가 있어왔으며 낱말 senate는 사회와 지배계급에서 가장 나이가 많고 똑똑한 구성원들의 모임을 가리킨다. 최초의 공식적인 원로원 가운데 두 가지가 스파르타의 게루시아와 로마 원로원이 있다. (ko) Een senaat is een overlegorgaan, meestal de hogere kamer van een volksvertegenwoordiging. De originele senaat was de Romeinse senaat. De eerste moderne senaat was de Amerikaanse Senaat, die zijn naam overnam van zijn Romeinse voorganger. Sindsdien wordt de naam senaat vaak gegeven aan vergelijkbare hogerhuizen. In Nederland wordt de Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal officieus ook wel de Senaat genoemd. In België is Senaat de officiële naam voor het hogere huis van de volksvertegenwoordiging. (nl) 元老院（げんろういん、羅: senatus）は、王政ローマにおける王の助言機関、また、後の共和政ローマにおける統治機関、更に、後のローマ帝国皇帝の諮問機関を指す語である。また現在では、多くの国が上院の呼称に用いる語でもある。senatusに由来する名称の機関は必ずしも「元老院」と訳されるわけではないが、本項では便宜上「元老院」と表記する。 (ja) Senato è il nome che, nel parlamento della maggior parte degli ordinamenti bicamerali, è attribuito a una delle due camere e, precisamente, alla cosiddetta camera alta. (it) En senat är en beslutande församling. Den romerska senaten, den främsta rådsförsamlingen i antikens Rom, var den första. I modern tid används begreppet i flera länder, bland annat USA och Frankrike, om den övre av den lagstiftande församlingens två kammare. Även stadsstyrelserna i de tyska städerna Berlin, Hamburg, Bremen och Lübeck kallas senater. I USA brukar de även övre kammarna i delstatsförsamlingarna benämnas som senat. Ordet kommer av latinets senatus, ’senat’, av senex, ’gubbe’, ’gumma’. Ordagrant kan senatus översättas med ’äldsteråd’. (sv) Сена́т (лат. senatus — «рада старійшин») — у Стародавньому Римі найвища державна рада; у ряді держав один з найвищих державних органів; у багатьох державах одна з законодавчих палат парламенту, судова колегія при вищих судах, або найвищий суд (наприклад, Державний Сенат в Україні за гетьманату П. Скоропадського); також колегіальний орган управління у деяких вищих навчальних закладах. (uk) Senato estas konsilio de diversaj specoj: * Romia Senato: ŝtat-gvida konsilio, origine patricia, de Romio * speco de en kelkaj urboj * ĉambro de (precipe duĉambra) parlamento, ekzemple * la Aŭstralia Senato * la Belga Senato * la * la Brazila Senato * la * la (ĝis 1919) * la * la Senato de Francio * la Hispana Senato * la * la Itala Senato * la Kanada Senato * la * la * la Senato de Pola Respubliko * la * la Usona Senato * foje: konstruaĵo, en kiu iam kunvenis konsilio * la Senato en la moskva Kremlo (eo) A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: Senatus), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: senex meaning "the elder" or "old man") and therefore considered wiser and more experienced members of the society or ruling class. However the Roman Senate was not the ancestor or predecessor of modern parliamentarism in any sense, because the Roman senate was not a legislative body. (en) Um senado é uma assembleia deliberativa, em muitos casos a câmara alta de uma legislatura ou parlamento bicamarais. Os membros ou legisladores de um senado são denominados "senadores". Os senados modernos têm geralmente a função de avaliar e ponderar a legislação promulgada por uma câmara baixa, cujos membros são geralmente eleitos. O seu significado deriva de uma forma antiga de organização social em que os poderes legislativos ou consultivos estavam restritos aos homens mais velhos. O termo "senado" geralmente refere-se a qualquer autoridade plenária geralmente constituída pelos membros mais velhos de determinada comunidade, como o corpo deliberativo de uma universidade ou instituição de ensino superior. Nos estados democráticos modernos com sistemas parlamentares bicamarais, existe por (pt) Сена́т (лат. senātus; от лат. senex — букв. «старик») — один из высших органов государственной власти, часто верхняя палата законодательного собрания (парламента). В некоторых странах сенатом называют отделения в составе высших судебных инстанций. Членов сената называют «сенаторами». Происхождение слова связано с одной из древнейших форм социального устройства, в которой власть принадлежала племенным старейшинам, а посему термин «сенат», как правило, трактуется, как «совет старейшин». (ru) |
| rdfs:label | Senate (en) مجلس الشيوخ (ar) Senat (ca) Senát (cs) Senat (de) Γερουσία (el) Senato (eo) Senado (es) Senatu (eu) Sénat (fr) Senat (in) Senato (it) 元老院 (ja) 원로원 (ko) Senaat (volksvertegenwoordiging) (nl) Senado (pt) Сенат (ru) 参议院 (zh) Сенат (uk) Senat (sv) |
| rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:List_of_abolished_upper_houses |
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