Suspect (original) (raw)
Podezřelý je ten, vůči komu jsou vykonávány prověřovací úkony před zahájením trestního stíhání. Jde o osobu podezřelou ze spáchání již zjištěného trestného činu, ale orgány činné v trestním řízení ještě nemají dostatek informací, které by odůvodnily zahájení trestního stíhání právě této osoby. Může jít jak o zadrženou osobu, tak všechny ostatní osoby, proti nimž svědčí stopy trestného činu i další podklady, které byly doposud shromážděny. Po podezřelém je zejména vyžadováno podání vysvětlení, až po zahájení trestního stíhání se označuje jako obviněný a je vyslýchán.
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| dbo:abstract | Podezřelý je ten, vůči komu jsou vykonávány prověřovací úkony před zahájením trestního stíhání. Jde o osobu podezřelou ze spáchání již zjištěného trestného činu, ale orgány činné v trestním řízení ještě nemají dostatek informací, které by odůvodnily zahájení trestního stíhání právě této osoby. Může jít jak o zadrženou osobu, tak všechny ostatní osoby, proti nimž svědčí stopy trestného činu i další podklady, které byly doposud shromážděny. Po podezřelém je zejména vyžadováno podání vysvětlení, až po zahájení trestního stíhání se označuje jako obviněný a je vyslýchán. (cs) Ein Verdächtiger im weiteren rechtlichen Sinne ist eine Person, welche einer Straftat verdächtigt wird, obwohl dieser Rechtsbegriff vom Gesetzgeber in Deutschland nicht verwendet wird. (de) Dalam istilah hukum, tersangka atau pelaku merupakan orang yang baik yang dikenal maupun tidak, dicurigai melakukan tindak pidana. Jika identitas si pelaku atau tersangka sudah diketahui, dan keputusan penangkapan atau terhadapnya telah disetujui oleh seorang yang mengeluarkan informasi, sebuah kelompok juri yang mengeluarkan dakwaan, atau seorang hakim mengeluarkan , maka si pelaku atau tersangka tersebut dapat disebut sebagai terdakwa. (in) In law enforcement jargon, a suspect is a known person accused or suspected of committing a crime. Police and reporters in the United States often use the word suspect as a jargon when referring to the perpetrator of the offense (perp in dated US slang). However, in official definition, the perpetrator is the robber, assailant, counterfeiter, etc.—the person who committed the crime. The distinction between suspect and perpetrator recognizes that the suspect is not known to have committed the offense, while the perpetrator—who may not yet have been suspected of the crime, and is thus not necessarily a suspect—is the one who did. The suspect may be a different person from the perpetrator, or there may have been no actual crime, which would mean there is no perpetrator. A common error in police reports is a witness description of the suspect (as a witness generally describes a perpetrator, while a mug shot is of a suspect). Frequently it is stated that police are looking for the suspect, when there is no suspect; the police could be looking for a suspect, but they are surely looking for the perpetrator, and very often it is impossible to tell from such a police report whether there is a suspect or not. Possibly because of the misuse of "suspect" to mean "perpetrator", police in the late 20th and early 21st century began to use person of interest, possible suspect, and even possible person of interest, to mean suspect. Under the judicial systems of the U.S., once a decision is approved to arrest a suspect, or bind him over for trial, either by a prosecutor issuing an information, a grand jury issuing a true bill or indictment, or a judge issuing an arrest warrant, the suspect can then be properly called a defendant, or the accused. Only after being convicted is the suspect properly called the perpetrator. (en) 被疑者（ひぎしゃ）とは、捜査機関に「犯罪を犯したのではないか」と疑われて捜査中かつ公訴を提起されていない者。日本法上の法令用語。 「被疑者」と「被害者」の読み方が似ているので報道機関は「被疑者」を容疑者（ようぎしゃ）と表現している。 また、法令用語としての被疑者と概念上区別をする必要のある場合にも、法令において「被疑者」ではなく「容疑者」という語が用いられることがある。 (ja) Een verdachte is volgens de wet iemand ten aanzien van wie uit feiten of omstandigheden een redelijk vermoeden van schuld bestaat dat diegene een bepaald strafbaar feit gepleegd heeft. Het woord "redelijk" heeft hier specifiek de betekenis dat het vermoeden beargumenteerd moet kunnen worden met relevante argumenten. Verdachten hebben plichten maar ook rechten. Een verdachte moet zich laten welgevallen: hij kan o.a. worden aangehouden, verhoord en in hechtenis genomen, naargelang de omstandigheden. Verdachten hebben ook rechten, zoals die zijn vastgelegd in het Wetboek van Strafvordering en het Europees Verdrag voor de Rechten van de Mens, zoals het zwijgrecht, het recht op een eerlijk proces, binnen een , enz. (nl) ( 용의자는 여기로 연결됩니다. 다른 뜻에 대해서는 용의자 (동음이의) 문서를 참고하십시오.) 피의자(被疑者, 문화어: 피심자(被審者), 영어: defendant) 또는 용의자(容疑者)는 범죄의 혐의를 받아 수사기관에 의하여 수사의 대상이 되어 있으나, 아직 법원에 공소제기를 당하지 않은 자를 말한다. 그러나 공소제기를 당한 후에는 피고인이라 불리게 된다. 피의자는 수사기관에 의한 조사를 받는 입장이나, 피의자가 인권 옹호나 장차 소송 주체로서 활동한다는 준당사자적 지위에서 여러 가지 권리를 가진다. 예를 들어, 변호인 선임 및 선임의뢰권(형사소송법 제30조 제1항·제87조 제1항·제209조), 진술거부권(형사소송법 제200조 제2항), 증거보전청구권(형사소송법 제184조), 구속적부심사청구권(형사소송법 제214조의 2), 접견교통권 등이 이에 해당한다. (ko) O nome suspeito, no contexto do Direito, designa uma pessoa relativamente à qual existam indícios, não muito fortes, que revelem sua proximidade com um crime que cometeu, participou, ou prepara-se para participar. Quando os indícios são suficientes para formular uma acusação o suspeito é constituido arguido embora considerado inocente dos fatos da acusação até ser condenado ou confirmada a sua inocência. (pt) Osoba podejrzana – w polskim postępowaniu karnym osoba, którą podejrzewa się o popełnienie przestępstwa i w związku z tym podjęto w postępowaniu przygotowawczym w stosunku do niej czynności procesowe, które wskazywały, że osobę tę traktuje się jak podejrzanego. Doktrynalnym synonimem „osoby podejrzanej” jest „faktycznie podejrzany”. Na określenie osoby podejrzanej stosuje się także pojęcie „oskarżonego” w znaczeniu najszerszym (obok właściwego i podejrzanego). (pl) 犯罪嫌疑人（英語：suspect或crime suspect），又稱嫌疑犯、嫌犯、疑犯，是指对因涉嫌犯罪而受到刑事追诉的人，在检察机关正式向法院对其提起公诉以前的称谓。犯罪嫌疑人和罪犯不同，依无罪推定的原則，除非經審判證明有罪確定，不然犯罪嫌疑人是無罪的。 (zh) Підозрюваний — особа, якій в порядку, передбаченому Кримінальним процесуальним кодексом України вручено повідомлення про підозру, або особа, яку затримано відповідно до чинного Кримінального процессуального законодавства. (uk) |
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| rdfs:comment | Podezřelý je ten, vůči komu jsou vykonávány prověřovací úkony před zahájením trestního stíhání. Jde o osobu podezřelou ze spáchání již zjištěného trestného činu, ale orgány činné v trestním řízení ještě nemají dostatek informací, které by odůvodnily zahájení trestního stíhání právě této osoby. Může jít jak o zadrženou osobu, tak všechny ostatní osoby, proti nimž svědčí stopy trestného činu i další podklady, které byly doposud shromážděny. Po podezřelém je zejména vyžadováno podání vysvětlení, až po zahájení trestního stíhání se označuje jako obviněný a je vyslýchán. (cs) Ein Verdächtiger im weiteren rechtlichen Sinne ist eine Person, welche einer Straftat verdächtigt wird, obwohl dieser Rechtsbegriff vom Gesetzgeber in Deutschland nicht verwendet wird. (de) Dalam istilah hukum, tersangka atau pelaku merupakan orang yang baik yang dikenal maupun tidak, dicurigai melakukan tindak pidana. Jika identitas si pelaku atau tersangka sudah diketahui, dan keputusan penangkapan atau terhadapnya telah disetujui oleh seorang yang mengeluarkan informasi, sebuah kelompok juri yang mengeluarkan dakwaan, atau seorang hakim mengeluarkan , maka si pelaku atau tersangka tersebut dapat disebut sebagai terdakwa. (in) 被疑者（ひぎしゃ）とは、捜査機関に「犯罪を犯したのではないか」と疑われて捜査中かつ公訴を提起されていない者。日本法上の法令用語。 「被疑者」と「被害者」の読み方が似ているので報道機関は「被疑者」を容疑者（ようぎしゃ）と表現している。 また、法令用語としての被疑者と概念上区別をする必要のある場合にも、法令において「被疑者」ではなく「容疑者」という語が用いられることがある。 (ja) ( 용의자는 여기로 연결됩니다. 다른 뜻에 대해서는 용의자 (동음이의) 문서를 참고하십시오.) 피의자(被疑者, 문화어: 피심자(被審者), 영어: defendant) 또는 용의자(容疑者)는 범죄의 혐의를 받아 수사기관에 의하여 수사의 대상이 되어 있으나, 아직 법원에 공소제기를 당하지 않은 자를 말한다. 그러나 공소제기를 당한 후에는 피고인이라 불리게 된다. 피의자는 수사기관에 의한 조사를 받는 입장이나, 피의자가 인권 옹호나 장차 소송 주체로서 활동한다는 준당사자적 지위에서 여러 가지 권리를 가진다. 예를 들어, 변호인 선임 및 선임의뢰권(형사소송법 제30조 제1항·제87조 제1항·제209조), 진술거부권(형사소송법 제200조 제2항), 증거보전청구권(형사소송법 제184조), 구속적부심사청구권(형사소송법 제214조의 2), 접견교통권 등이 이에 해당한다. (ko) O nome suspeito, no contexto do Direito, designa uma pessoa relativamente à qual existam indícios, não muito fortes, que revelem sua proximidade com um crime que cometeu, participou, ou prepara-se para participar. Quando os indícios são suficientes para formular uma acusação o suspeito é constituido arguido embora considerado inocente dos fatos da acusação até ser condenado ou confirmada a sua inocência. (pt) Osoba podejrzana – w polskim postępowaniu karnym osoba, którą podejrzewa się o popełnienie przestępstwa i w związku z tym podjęto w postępowaniu przygotowawczym w stosunku do niej czynności procesowe, które wskazywały, że osobę tę traktuje się jak podejrzanego. Doktrynalnym synonimem „osoby podejrzanej” jest „faktycznie podejrzany”. Na określenie osoby podejrzanej stosuje się także pojęcie „oskarżonego” w znaczeniu najszerszym (obok właściwego i podejrzanego). (pl) 犯罪嫌疑人（英語：suspect或crime suspect），又稱嫌疑犯、嫌犯、疑犯，是指对因涉嫌犯罪而受到刑事追诉的人，在检察机关正式向法院对其提起公诉以前的称谓。犯罪嫌疑人和罪犯不同，依无罪推定的原則，除非經審判證明有罪確定，不然犯罪嫌疑人是無罪的。 (zh) Підозрюваний — особа, якій в порядку, передбаченому Кримінальним процесуальним кодексом України вручено повідомлення про підозру, або особа, яку затримано відповідно до чинного Кримінального процессуального законодавства. (uk) In law enforcement jargon, a suspect is a known person accused or suspected of committing a crime. Police and reporters in the United States often use the word suspect as a jargon when referring to the perpetrator of the offense (perp in dated US slang). However, in official definition, the perpetrator is the robber, assailant, counterfeiter, etc.—the person who committed the crime. The distinction between suspect and perpetrator recognizes that the suspect is not known to have committed the offense, while the perpetrator—who may not yet have been suspected of the crime, and is thus not necessarily a suspect—is the one who did. The suspect may be a different person from the perpetrator, or there may have been no actual crime, which would mean there is no perpetrator. (en) Een verdachte is volgens de wet iemand ten aanzien van wie uit feiten of omstandigheden een redelijk vermoeden van schuld bestaat dat diegene een bepaald strafbaar feit gepleegd heeft. Het woord "redelijk" heeft hier specifiek de betekenis dat het vermoeden beargumenteerd moet kunnen worden met relevante argumenten. (nl) |
| rdfs:label | Suspect (en) Podezřelý (cs) Verdächtiger (de) Tersangka (in) 피의자 (ko) 被疑者 (ja) Verdachte (nl) Osoba podejrzana (pl) Suspeito (pt) 犯罪嫌疑人 (zh) Підозрюваний (uk) |
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