Tom Thumb (locomotive) (original) (raw)

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Tom Thumb was the first American-built steam locomotive to operate on a common-carrier railroad. It was designed and constructed by Peter Cooper in 1829 to convince owners of the newly formed Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) (now CSX) to use steam engines; it was not intended to enter revenue service. It is especially remembered as a participant in a perhaps mythical race with a horse-drawn car, which the horse won after Tom Thumb suffered a mechanical failure. (See Relay, Maryland.) However, the demonstration was successful, and the railroad committed to the use of steam locomotion and held trials in the following year for a working engine.

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dbo:abstract Die Tom Thumb war als Experimentalmaschine die erste Dampflokomotive aus US-amerikanischer Produktion. Sie war das Ergebnis erster Versuche mit importierten englischen Lokomotiven, die oft nicht den in den USA geforderten Kurvenradien entsprachen. Die Lokomotive wurde mit Anthrazitkohle befeuert. Am 28. Dezember 1827 war der Grundstein für die Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (BO, B&O) gelegt worden. Wie vielfach in aller Welt wurden die Passagier- und Frachtwagen von Pferden gezogen. Man hatte zwar erkannt, dass Schienenfahrzeuge ein schnelleres, sicheres, reibungsloseres und für die Fahrgäste angenehmeres Fortkommen ermöglichten, doch vertrauten die Verantwortlichen den langsam aufkommenden Dampflokomotiven noch nicht. Zudem waren erste Versuche mit aus England eingeführten Lokomotiven gescheitert, da diese für die Gleiskörper der leichter gebauten Pferdebahnen zu schwer waren. Auch war es mit den Importmaschinen nicht möglich gewesen, die engen Kurvenradien zu fahren, die den Pferdewagen möglich waren. Ein Neubau der Strecke schied aus und damit blieb es erst einmal beim Alten. Der eisenbahntechnische Autodidakt Peter Cooper setzte sich in Amerika jedoch mit seinen Vorstellungen durch, dass die Zukunft des Transportwesens durch die Eisenbahn bestimmt sein würde. Er untersuchte die Schwierigkeiten mit den englischen Importlokomotiven und dem Schienenweg der Baltimore & Ohio. Sein Ergebnis war eine kleinere und leichtere Lokomotive, welche in seinem Canton-Eisenwerk bei Baltimore gefertigt wurde. Erst Jahre später erhielt das Fahrzeug den Namen Tom Thumb (nach einer englischen Version des Märchens vom Däumling). Am 24. Mai 1830 wurde der fahrplanmäßige Pferdebahnbetrieb auf dem durch die Baltimore & Ohio gerade fertiggestellten Schienenstrang von Baltimore nach , heute /Maryland, aufgenommen. Rund 21 Kilometer zog sich diese Strecke durchs Land. Sie bot Cooper eine passende Gelegenheit, den Beweis für die höhere Leistungsfähigkeit seiner Maschine gegenüber dem Pferd in aller Öffentlichkeit anzutreten. (de) Tom Thumb was the first American-built steam locomotive to operate on a common-carrier railroad. It was designed and constructed by Peter Cooper in 1829 to convince owners of the newly formed Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) (now CSX) to use steam engines; it was not intended to enter revenue service. It is especially remembered as a participant in a perhaps mythical race with a horse-drawn car, which the horse won after Tom Thumb suffered a mechanical failure. (See Relay, Maryland.) However, the demonstration was successful, and the railroad committed to the use of steam locomotion and held trials in the following year for a working engine. (en) Tom Thumb was de eerste in de Verenigde Staten gebouwde locomotief die op de Amerikaanse spoorwegen in dienst gesteld werd. De machine woog één ton. De locomotief reed op de Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. De eerste rit werd uitgevoerd op 11 februari 1831, met twee passagiersrijtuigen. Een replica van de locomotief uit 1927 wordt tentoongesteld in het in Baltimore. (nl) トム・サム（英語: Tom Thumb、親指トムの意）は、イギリスに続いてアメリカ合衆国で初めて一般輸送用の鉄道において用いられたアメリカ製の蒸気機関車である。ピーター・クーパーが1829年に設計・製作したこの機関車は、設立から間もないボルチモア・アンド・オハイオ鉄道が蒸気機関車を使うように説得するためのものであった。とりわけ1830年8月28日に即興で行われた馬の牽引する車両との競走に参加したことで知られている。トム・サムは途中まで競走で先行したが、途中でベルトが滑車から外れて推進力を失ってしまった。しかしこのデモンストレーションは成功し、蒸気機関車の使用を決定したボルチモア・アンド・オハイオ鉄道は翌1831年、実用機関車のトライアルを行っている。 (ja) Tom Thumb (амер. англ. Tom Thumb, что в переводе звучит как «Мальчик-с-пальчик») — паровоз с осевой формулой 1-1-0; первый локомотив, созданный американцами — изобретателем Питером Купером. (ru) Tom Thumb ([tɔm θʌm], «Мізинчик», дослівно — «Том-великий палець») — перший оригінальний паровоз у США. Сконструйований і побудований у 1829–1830 роках Пітером Купером. Використовувався на першій американській вантажо-пасажирській залізниці . (uk)
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dbp:caption A 1927 replica of Tom Thumb, the first American-built steam locomotive (en)
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rdfs:comment Tom Thumb was the first American-built steam locomotive to operate on a common-carrier railroad. It was designed and constructed by Peter Cooper in 1829 to convince owners of the newly formed Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) (now CSX) to use steam engines; it was not intended to enter revenue service. It is especially remembered as a participant in a perhaps mythical race with a horse-drawn car, which the horse won after Tom Thumb suffered a mechanical failure. (See Relay, Maryland.) However, the demonstration was successful, and the railroad committed to the use of steam locomotion and held trials in the following year for a working engine. (en) Tom Thumb was de eerste in de Verenigde Staten gebouwde locomotief die op de Amerikaanse spoorwegen in dienst gesteld werd. De machine woog één ton. De locomotief reed op de Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. De eerste rit werd uitgevoerd op 11 februari 1831, met twee passagiersrijtuigen. Een replica van de locomotief uit 1927 wordt tentoongesteld in het in Baltimore. (nl) トム・サム（英語: Tom Thumb、親指トムの意）は、イギリスに続いてアメリカ合衆国で初めて一般輸送用の鉄道において用いられたアメリカ製の蒸気機関車である。ピーター・クーパーが1829年に設計・製作したこの機関車は、設立から間もないボルチモア・アンド・オハイオ鉄道が蒸気機関車を使うように説得するためのものであった。とりわけ1830年8月28日に即興で行われた馬の牽引する車両との競走に参加したことで知られている。トム・サムは途中まで競走で先行したが、途中でベルトが滑車から外れて推進力を失ってしまった。しかしこのデモンストレーションは成功し、蒸気機関車の使用を決定したボルチモア・アンド・オハイオ鉄道は翌1831年、実用機関車のトライアルを行っている。 (ja) Tom Thumb (амер. англ. Tom Thumb, что в переводе звучит как «Мальчик-с-пальчик») — паровоз с осевой формулой 1-1-0; первый локомотив, созданный американцами — изобретателем Питером Купером. (ru) Tom Thumb ([tɔm θʌm], «Мізинчик», дослівно — «Том-великий палець») — перший оригінальний паровоз у США. Сконструйований і побудований у 1829–1830 роках Пітером Купером. Використовувався на першій американській вантажо-пасажирській залізниці . (uk) Die Tom Thumb war als Experimentalmaschine die erste Dampflokomotive aus US-amerikanischer Produktion. Sie war das Ergebnis erster Versuche mit importierten englischen Lokomotiven, die oft nicht den in den USA geforderten Kurvenradien entsprachen. Die Lokomotive wurde mit Anthrazitkohle befeuert. (de)
rdfs:label Tom Thumb (de) トム・サム (ja) Tom Thumb (locomotief) (nl) Tom Thumb (locomotive) (en) Tom Thumb (ru) Tom Thumb (uk)
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