Vandal (tanker) (original) (raw)
Die Vandal wurde 1902/03 auf der Sormovo Werft gebaut und war das erste Dieselmotorschiff und dieselelektrische Schiff der Welt. Die Probefahrt erfolgte im Frühjahr 1903 etwa 4 Monate vor dem umgebauten Lastkahn Petit Pierre.
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| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| dbo:MeanOfTransportation/length | 74523.6 |
| dbo:abstract | Die Vandal wurde 1902/03 auf der Sormovo Werft gebaut und war das erste Dieselmotorschiff und dieselelektrische Schiff der Welt. Die Probefahrt erfolgte im Frühjahr 1903 etwa 4 Monate vor dem umgebauten Lastkahn Petit Pierre. (de) Vandal was a river tanker designed by and Johny Johnson for Branobel. Russian Vandal and French , launched in 1903, were the world's first diesel-powered ships (sources disagree over which of the two, Vandal or Petite-Pierre, was the first). Vandal was the first equipped with fully functional diesel-electric transmission. In the 1890s oil industry searched for an economical oil-burning engine, and the solution was found by German engineer Rudolph Diesel. Diesel marketed his technology to oil barons around the world; in February 1898 he granted exclusive licenses to build his engines in Sweden and Russia to Emanuel Nobel of the Nobel family. The Russian licence cost Nobel 800,000 marks in cash and stock of the newly founded Russian Diesel Company. The Saint Petersburg engine plant was a quick success; it started with diesel-powered industrial pumps for oil pipelines and soon grabbed the mass market for flour mill engines. It produced more diesel engines than any other concern in the world. In 1902 Karl Hagelin, "a veteran of the Volga and sometime visionary", suggesting mating diesel engines to river barges. He envisioned direct shipment of oil through a 1,800-mile route from the lower Volga to Saint Petersburg and Finland. The canals of the Volga–Baltic Waterway dictated use of relatively small barges, making use of steam engines uneconomical. Diesel engine seemed a natural choice. Hagelin believed that reversing the engine and regulating its speed could be done with an electrical transmission, and contracted Swedish ASEA to test the electrical drive system. Hagelin then recruited naval architect Johny Johnson of Gothenburg to design the ship. Johnson placed the diesel engine and electric generator in the middle, and the electric motors in the stern, driving the propellers directly. The holds were separated by longitudinal (rather than transverse) bulkheads running the length of the ship, a feature that became common on ocean-going tankers. The ship's power plant of three 120hp diesel engines was built in Sweden by Swedish Diesel (Aktiebolaget Diesels Motorer) and ASEA. Each engine had three cylinders with a bore of 290 mm and stroke of 430 mm. They ran at a constant 240 rpm, and the electrical transmission, controlled by a tram-like lever, varied propeller speed from 30 to 300 rpm. The hull was built at Sormovo shipyard in Nizhny Novgorod and towed to Saint Petersburg for the final assembly. Its size (244.5 × 31¾ × 8 feet) was tailored to the canals of the North rather than the Volga. Named Vandal, it commenced commercial operation in the spring of 1903. Vandal was accidentally damaged on its maiden voyage, repaired and served on the Volga route for ten years. The larger , with four 180 h.p. engines, was launched next summer. Unlike Vandal, Sarmat's engines could be coupled to the propellers directly, bypassing the electrical drive and saving up to 15% of engine power that would be otherwise lost in the electric transmission. Sarmat operated until 1923; the hulk was moored in Nizhny Novgorod until the 1970s. The new ships attracted public and professional interest and brought in new orders. Plant payroll expanded to more than a thousand men, but growth brought in management problems. Rolf Nobel, Ludwig Nobel Jr. and Hagelin split with Emanuel over the future of diesel-powered shipping. Hagelin's proposal to convert existing steam-powered fleet to diesel engines was rejected by Emanuel. Hagelin quit, and accepted the post of Swedish consul general in Saint Petersburg. In 1907 Hagelin and Johnson designed a 4,500-ton tanker, and again Emanuel Nobel rejected the proposal. The inventors sold their blueprints to Merkulyev Brothers of Kolomna who built the world's first true seagoing diesel-powered tanker, Mysl, in 1908. This, at last, compelled Emanuel to grant Hagelin sweeping rights to modernize the company fleet that reached 315 vessels in 1915. (en) De Vandal (Russisch: Вандал) was met de oplevering in 1903 het eerste dieselmotorschip ter wereld. Het was tegelijkertijd ook het eerste dieselelektrische schip ter wereld. In hetzelfde jaar werd in Frankrijk met de het tweede dieselschip opgeleverd. (nl) «Вандал» — российское речное нефтеналивное судно (танкер). «Вандал», построенный в 1903 году был первым теплоходом, и, одновременно, дизель-электроходом, в мире. (ru) |
| dbo:length | 74.523600 (xsd:double) |
| dbo:owner | dbr:Branobel |
| dbo:shipBeam | 9.552432 (xsd:double) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/River_tanker_Vandal_(mechanical_drawings,_1903).png?width=300 |
| dbo:type | dbr:Tanker_(ship) |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=3DmsQLtWq1wC https://books.google.com/books%3Fei=BY7xS6-xL5TS-Qbc2uz0BA https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=BzxSAAAAMAAJ |
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| dbp:hideHeader | yes (en) |
| dbp:shipCaption | Drawings of Vandal (en) |
| dbp:shipCompleted | 1903 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:shipDecommissioned | 1913 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:shipImage | River tanker Vandal .png (en) |
| dbp:shipLaunched | 1903 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:shipName | Vandal (en) |
| dbp:shipOwner | dbr:Branobel |
| dbp:shipPropulsion | *3 diesel engines, each *ASEA electric transmission (en) |
| dbp:shipSpeed | 8.300000 (xsd:double) |
| dbp:shipTonnage | 800 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:shipType | River tanker (en) |
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| gold:hypernym | dbr:Tanker |
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| rdfs:comment | Die Vandal wurde 1902/03 auf der Sormovo Werft gebaut und war das erste Dieselmotorschiff und dieselelektrische Schiff der Welt. Die Probefahrt erfolgte im Frühjahr 1903 etwa 4 Monate vor dem umgebauten Lastkahn Petit Pierre. (de) De Vandal (Russisch: Вандал) was met de oplevering in 1903 het eerste dieselmotorschip ter wereld. Het was tegelijkertijd ook het eerste dieselelektrische schip ter wereld. In hetzelfde jaar werd in Frankrijk met de het tweede dieselschip opgeleverd. (nl) «Вандал» — российское речное нефтеналивное судно (танкер). «Вандал», построенный в 1903 году был первым теплоходом, и, одновременно, дизель-электроходом, в мире. (ru) Vandal was a river tanker designed by and Johny Johnson for Branobel. Russian Vandal and French , launched in 1903, were the world's first diesel-powered ships (sources disagree over which of the two, Vandal or Petite-Pierre, was the first). Vandal was the first equipped with fully functional diesel-electric transmission. (en) |
| rdfs:label | Vandal (Schiff) (de) Vandal (schip, 1903) (nl) Vandal (tanker) (en) Вандал (танкер) (ru) |
| owl:sameAs | freebase:Vandal (tanker) wikidata:Vandal (tanker) dbpedia-de:Vandal (tanker) dbpedia-he:Vandal (tanker) dbpedia-nl:Vandal (tanker) dbpedia-ru:Vandal (tanker) https://global.dbpedia.org/id/3Ety3 |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Vandal_(tanker)?oldid=1089748790&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Gorskii_04417u.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/River_tanker_Vandal_(mechanical_drawings,_1903).png |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Vandal_(tanker) |
| foaf:name | Vandal (en) |
| is dbo:wikiPageDisambiguates of | dbr:Vandal_(disambiguation) |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Timeline_of_Russian_innovation dbr:Timeline_of_transportation_technology dbr:1903_in_science dbr:Maritime_timeline dbr:Marine_propulsion dbr:Hybrid_vehicle_drivetrain dbr:Diesel_engine dbr:Diesel–electric_transmission dbr:Sarmat dbr:Vandal_(disambiguation) |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Vandal_(tanker) |
