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Der Long Island Motor Parkway (LIMP), auch bekannt als Vanderbilt Parkway, war eine ab 1908 errichtete private Straßenverbindung im Staate New York, die als Mautstraße dem Automobilverkehr vorbehalten war und auch als Rennstrecke diente. Ihre kreuzungsfreie Bauweise macht sie zu einem Vorläufer der Autobahnen. Sie wurde 1938 vom Staat New York übernommen und stillgelegt. Ursprünglicher Finanzier der Strecke war , der Urenkel von Cornelius Vanderbilt, ein begeisterter Veranstalter von Autorennen. Nach einigen schweren Unfällen entschied sich Vanderbilt, eine nur für den Autoverkehr und seinen gegründeten geeignete Straße zu errichten und gründete eine entsprechende Gesellschaft. Der Long Island Motor Parkway, mit seiner Betonfahrbahn, seinen Brücken und Unterführungen, Leitschienen und seinen 14 Mautstationen nahm eine weltweite Pionierrolle ein. Die Mautstrecke sollte zunächst 70 mi (113 km) lang sein und von New York City bis Riverhead, reichen. Es wurden letztlich aber nur 45 mi (72 km) gebaut (von Queens in New York City bis ). Baubeginn war der Juni 1908, und ein erster Abschnitt wurde schon im Oktober 1908 eröffnet. Ab 1911 führte die Straße bis zum Ronkonkoma-See. In den späten 1920er-Jahren galt der Parkway wegen seiner relativ schmalen Fahrbahnen und steilen Brücken bereits als überholt. Robert Moses, der New Yorker Stadt- und Verkehrsplaner setzte 1938 seine Übernahme und Schließung durch. Teile des Parkway in Queens existieren noch als Radweg von Cunningham Park bis Alley Pond Park. Automobilrennen um den Vanderbilt Cup fanden , und statt, ein erneuter schwerer Unfall mit vier toten Zuschauern führte aber schon 1910 zum Verbot von Straßenrennen im Staate New York. Sechs der Mautstellen wurden vom bekannten Architekten John Russell Pope gestaltet. (de) The Long Island Motor Parkway, also known as the Vanderbilt Parkway, Vanderbilt Motor Parkway, or Motor Parkway, was a roadway on Long Island, New York, in the United States. It was the first roadway designed for automobile use only. The parkway was privately built by William Kissam Vanderbilt II with overpasses and bridges to remove most intersections. It officially opened on October 10, 1908. It closed in 1938 when it was taken over by the state of New York in lieu of back taxes. Parts of the parkway survive today, used as sections of other roadways or as a bicycle trail. (en) De Long Island Motor Parkway, ook wel bekend als de Vanderbilt Parkway, Vanderbilt Motor Parkway en Motor Parkway, is een grotendeels voormalige autoweg op Long Island, New York. De weg werd uitsluitend ontworpen voor auto's en was daarmee de eerste auto(snel)weg ter wereld. Ook was het 's werelds eerste weg met uitsluitend bruggen en viaducten op kruispunten. De werd aangelegd in opdracht van William Kissam Vanderbilt II en geopend op 10 oktober 1908. In 1938 werd de weg alweer gesloten. Er zijn nog enkele restanten van de weg te vinden, die in gebruik zijn als fietspad of onderdeel zijn geworden van andere autowegen. (nl) |
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The Long Island Motor Parkway, also known as the Vanderbilt Parkway, Vanderbilt Motor Parkway, or Motor Parkway, was a roadway on Long Island, New York, in the United States. It was the first roadway designed for automobile use only. The parkway was privately built by William Kissam Vanderbilt II with overpasses and bridges to remove most intersections. It officially opened on October 10, 1908. It closed in 1938 when it was taken over by the state of New York in lieu of back taxes. Parts of the parkway survive today, used as sections of other roadways or as a bicycle trail. (en) De Long Island Motor Parkway, ook wel bekend als de Vanderbilt Parkway, Vanderbilt Motor Parkway en Motor Parkway, is een grotendeels voormalige autoweg op Long Island, New York. De weg werd uitsluitend ontworpen voor auto's en was daarmee de eerste auto(snel)weg ter wereld. Ook was het 's werelds eerste weg met uitsluitend bruggen en viaducten op kruispunten. De werd aangelegd in opdracht van William Kissam Vanderbilt II en geopend op 10 oktober 1908. In 1938 werd de weg alweer gesloten. Er zijn nog enkele restanten van de weg te vinden, die in gebruik zijn als fietspad of onderdeel zijn geworden van andere autowegen. (nl) Der Long Island Motor Parkway (LIMP), auch bekannt als Vanderbilt Parkway, war eine ab 1908 errichtete private Straßenverbindung im Staate New York, die als Mautstraße dem Automobilverkehr vorbehalten war und auch als Rennstrecke diente. Ihre kreuzungsfreie Bauweise macht sie zu einem Vorläufer der Autobahnen. Sie wurde 1938 vom Staat New York übernommen und stillgelegt. Automobilrennen um den Vanderbilt Cup fanden , und statt, ein erneuter schwerer Unfall mit vier toten Zuschauern führte aber schon 1910 zum Verbot von Straßenrennen im Staate New York. (de) |
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