Zhao Gao (original) (raw)
Zhao Gao (chinesisch 趙高 / 赵高, Pinyin Zhào Gāo; * ca. 258 v. Chr.; † 207 v. Chr. in Xianyang) war Obereunuch während der Qin-Dynastie unter Kaiser Qin Er Shi in China. Außerdem war er der einzige Eunuch in der Geschichte Chinas, der den Titel Premierminister erhielt.
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| dbo:abstract | Zhao Gao (chinesisch 趙高 / 赵高, Pinyin Zhào Gāo; * ca. 258 v. Chr.; † 207 v. Chr. in Xianyang) war Obereunuch während der Qin-Dynastie unter Kaiser Qin Er Shi in China. Außerdem war er der einzige Eunuch in der Geschichte Chinas, der den Titel Premierminister erhielt. (de) Traditionnellement de sinistre réputation, Zhao Gao (chinois traditionnel : 趙高 ; ?? - -207) était un fonctionnaire devenu chef des eunuques durant le règne de Qin Shi Huangdi, premier souverain de la dynastie Qin. Il fut le précepteur puis l'éminence grise derrière le trône du Second Empereur avant de finalement pousser ce dernier au suicide. Mais il mourut peu après de la main de Ziying, éphémère roi de Qin, qu'il avait lui-même mis sur le trône. Il joua un grand rôle dans la chute de la dynastie Qin. (fr) Zhao Gao (趙高) (wafat 207 SM) merupakan seorang politikus dari Dinasti Qin, Tiongkok. Diduga seorang sida, ia menjadi pelayan dekat ketiga kaisar dinasti Qin – Qín Shǐ Huáng, Qin Er Shi dan Ziying – dan dianggap memainkan peran penting dalam keruntuhan dinasti tersebut. (in) 趙 高（ちょう こう、拼音: Zhào Gāo、? - 紀元前207年）は、秦の政治家。弟に趙成。 (ja) Zhao Gao (died 207 BC) was a Chinese politician and calligrapher. He was an official of the Qin dynasty of China. Allegedly a eunuch, he served as a close aide to all three rulers of the Qin dynasty – Qin Shi Huang, Qin Er Shi and Ziying – and was regarded as having played an instrumental role in the downfall of the dynasty. Zhao Gao started his career under Qin Shi Huang as Prefect of the Office for Imperial Carriages (中車府令), an official in charge of managing the palace horse-drawn carriages. During this period of time, he also served as an attendant to Huhai, Qin Shi Huang's youngest son, and tutored him in the laws of the Qin Empire. In 210 BC, after Qin Shi Huang died in Shaqiu (沙丘; south of present-day Dapingtai Village, Guangzong County, Hebei), Zhao Gao and Li Si, the Chancellor, secretly changed the emperor's final edict, which named Fusu, the crown prince, the heir to the throne. In the falsified edict, Fusu was ordered to commit suicide while Huhai was named the new emperor. After Huhai was enthroned as Qin Er Shi, he promoted Zhao Gao to Prefect of the Gentlemen of the Palace (郎中令), an official post whose duties included managing the daily activities in the imperial palace. Zhao Gao, who was highly trusted by Qin Er Shi, instigated the emperor to exterminate his own siblings to consolidate power, and used the opportunity to eliminate his political opponents such as Meng Tian and Meng Yi. He also framed Li Si for treason and had Li Si and his entire family executed, after which he replaced Li Si as Chancellor and monopolised state power. In 207 BC, when rebellions broke out in the lands east of Hangu Pass, Zhao Gao became worried that Qin Er Shi would blame him, so he launched a coup in Wangyi Palace (望夷宮; in Xianyang, near present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi) and assassinated the emperor. Following Qin Er Shi's death, Zhao Gao installed Ziying, Fusu's son (allegedly; there is no firm consensus on what Ziying's relationship to the Qin royal family really is), on the throne. Ziying sent Han Tan (韓談), a eunuch, to assassinate Zhao Gao. (en) ( 다른 뜻에 대해서는 조고 (동음이의) 문서를 참고하십시오.) 조고(趙高, ? ~ 기원전 207년)는 중국 전국시대 진나라(秦) 시대의 관료이자 정치가이다. 본래 어머니의 죄에 연좌되어 비천한 신분이 되었으나 형법에 능통하였기 때문에 진 시황제에게 등용되어 중거부령에 임명됨으로써 그의 측근이 되었다. 또한 시황제의 뒤를 이어 진 이세황제가 즉위하자 그의 측근이 되어 몽염 · 몽의 형제와 이사 등을 비롯한 시황제 시대의 권신들을 차례로 모함하여 제거하고 승상이 되었다. 진승 · 오광의 난으로 인하여 진나라의 함곡관 동쪽 일대가 모두 이반하고 옛 제후국들이 부흥하자 이세황제를 살해하고 진왕 자영을 옹립하였으나 자영에 의하여 암살되었다. 흔히 궁형을 받은 환관으로도 알려져 있으나 아직도 진위여부는 의심된다. (ko) Zhao Gao (?-207 v.Chr.) was een Chinese eunuch aan het hof van de Qin-dynastie. Zhao Gao wist telkens machtswisselingen te bewerkstelligen aan het Qin-hof. Toen keizer Qin Shi Huang in 210 v.Chr. stierf, smeedde Zhao Gao samen met de eerste minister Li Si met succes een complot om hun opponenten generaal Meng Tian en kroonprins uit de weg te ruimen en in plaats daarvan de tweede zoon Hu Hai als Tweede Keizer op de troon te zetten. In 207 v.Chr. vermoordde Zhao Gao ook Li Si (208 v.Chr.) en de Tweede Keizer (207 v.Chr.) om zijn neef op de troon te zetten. Zi Ying liet Zhao Gao echter ook vermoorden. (nl) Zhao Gao (chiń. 趙高; zm. 207 p.n.e.) – chiński polityk, główny eunuch i kanclerz władców z dynastii Qin. Wykorzystując swoją wysoką pozycję na dworze cesarskim, po śmierci Shi Huangdi zawiązał - wraz z Li Si i młodszym synem zmarłego, Huhai - spisek, którego celem było wyeliminowanie prawowitego następcy oraz generała Meng Tiana. Zmuszono ich do samobójstwa, posługując się sfałszowanymi dokumentami wystawionymi rzekomo przez Pierwszego Cesarza. Po przewrocie na tronie - jako Er Shi Huangdi - zasiadł Huhai, zaś faktyczna władza przeszła w ręce Zhao Gao. Eunuch bardzo szybko spowodował usunięcie niedawnego sprzymierzeńca, ministra Li Si. Prześladował również niechętnych sobie członków domu panującego. W 207 p.n.e. obalił całkowicie od siebie zależnego władcę i doprowadził do jego samobójczej śmierci. Konsekwentnie dążąc do zwiększenia swoich wpływów spowodował przyjęcie przez następnego władcę, Ziyinga, jedynie tytułu królewskiego. Został przez niego zamordowany kilkadziesiąt dni później. (pl) Zhao Gao (赵高; Zhào Gāo), död 207 f.Kr., var en mäktig eunuck under den kinesiska Qindynastin. Zhao Gao arbetade nära dynastins tre kejsare och blev efter en konspiration en makfaktor med stor inblandning i dynastins tronföljd och fall. Zhao Gao var en ättling till huset Zhao (赵) som styrde riket Zhao. Hans mor hade kommit till Qin som krigsfånge. Som ung var Zhao Gao bara en springpojke bland eunuckerna, men på grund av hans intellektuella styrkor fick han en tjänst i Qindynastins hov där han arbetade i mer än 20 år. (sv) Чжао Гао (кит. трад. 趙高, упр. 赵高; ум. 207 до н. э.) — главный евнух при императорском дворе династии Цинь, который путём сложных интриг смог захватить фактическую власть в стране и способствовал гибели династии. Хотя он упоминается как евнух, он не прошёл процедуры кастрации, страдая врождённой половой дисфункцией. (ru) 赵高（前258年－前207年），中国战国时期秦国及秦朝丞相、權臣、宦官（有爭議），历仕秦始皇、秦二世和秦王子婴三代君主。 赵高姓赵氏，为秦国宗室遠親，但其出身是一個士兵，地位卑賤。前210年，秦始皇在沙丘驾崩时，赵高与公子胡亥、丞相李斯合谋更改秦始皇遗诏，立胡亥为秦二世，并矫诏赐死公子扶苏，囚禁蒙恬兄弟二人，是為沙丘之变。秦二世登基后，赵高升任郎中令，怂恿秦二世整肅宗室及大臣，其中包括蒙恬、蒙毅兄弟和沙丘之变的主谋李斯。李斯死后，赵高出任中丞相，独揽朝政，因惧怕秦二世追究关东（函谷关以东）农民起义军之事，遂发动望夷宫之变，強迫秦二世自盡。並改立秦王子婴，子婴不信任趙高，設局派宦官韩谈杀死趙高。 一般认为赵高引发的多次秦朝内部宫廷混乱是造成秦朝加速灭亡的原因之一，但历史上对赵高是否为閹宦，以及制造秦朝宫廷混乱的动机都尚存争议。司馬遷著《史记》时没有为赵高单独立传，赵高的事蹟主要记载于《史记·秦始皇本纪》、《史记·李斯列传》和《史记·蒙恬列传》中。 (zh) |
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| dbp:birthDate | Unknown (en) |
| dbp:c | 指鹿為馬 (en) |
| dbp:caption | A portrait of Zhao Gao. (en) |
| dbp:deathDate | 207 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:labels | no (en) |
| dbp:monarch | dbr:Qin_Er_Shi dbr:Qin_Shi_Huang |
| dbp:name | Zhao Gao (en) |
| dbp:nativeName | 趙高 (en) |
| dbp:occupation | Politician (en) |
| dbp:office | dbr:Chancellor_(China) (en) Prefect of the Gentlemen of the Palace (en) Prefect of the Office for Imperial Carriages (en) |
| dbp:p | Zhào Gāo (en) zhǐlù-wéimǎ (en) |
| dbp:predecessor | dbr:Li_Si |
| dbp:s | 赵高 (en) |
| dbp:t | 趙高 (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Zhao Gao (chinesisch 趙高 / 赵高, Pinyin Zhào Gāo; * ca. 258 v. Chr.; † 207 v. Chr. in Xianyang) war Obereunuch während der Qin-Dynastie unter Kaiser Qin Er Shi in China. Außerdem war er der einzige Eunuch in der Geschichte Chinas, der den Titel Premierminister erhielt. (de) Traditionnellement de sinistre réputation, Zhao Gao (chinois traditionnel : 趙高 ; ?? - -207) était un fonctionnaire devenu chef des eunuques durant le règne de Qin Shi Huangdi, premier souverain de la dynastie Qin. Il fut le précepteur puis l'éminence grise derrière le trône du Second Empereur avant de finalement pousser ce dernier au suicide. Mais il mourut peu après de la main de Ziying, éphémère roi de Qin, qu'il avait lui-même mis sur le trône. Il joua un grand rôle dans la chute de la dynastie Qin. (fr) Zhao Gao (趙高) (wafat 207 SM) merupakan seorang politikus dari Dinasti Qin, Tiongkok. Diduga seorang sida, ia menjadi pelayan dekat ketiga kaisar dinasti Qin – Qín Shǐ Huáng, Qin Er Shi dan Ziying – dan dianggap memainkan peran penting dalam keruntuhan dinasti tersebut. (in) 趙 高（ちょう こう、拼音: Zhào Gāo、? - 紀元前207年）は、秦の政治家。弟に趙成。 (ja) ( 다른 뜻에 대해서는 조고 (동음이의) 문서를 참고하십시오.) 조고(趙高, ? ~ 기원전 207년)는 중국 전국시대 진나라(秦) 시대의 관료이자 정치가이다. 본래 어머니의 죄에 연좌되어 비천한 신분이 되었으나 형법에 능통하였기 때문에 진 시황제에게 등용되어 중거부령에 임명됨으로써 그의 측근이 되었다. 또한 시황제의 뒤를 이어 진 이세황제가 즉위하자 그의 측근이 되어 몽염 · 몽의 형제와 이사 등을 비롯한 시황제 시대의 권신들을 차례로 모함하여 제거하고 승상이 되었다. 진승 · 오광의 난으로 인하여 진나라의 함곡관 동쪽 일대가 모두 이반하고 옛 제후국들이 부흥하자 이세황제를 살해하고 진왕 자영을 옹립하였으나 자영에 의하여 암살되었다. 흔히 궁형을 받은 환관으로도 알려져 있으나 아직도 진위여부는 의심된다. (ko) Zhao Gao (?-207 v.Chr.) was een Chinese eunuch aan het hof van de Qin-dynastie. Zhao Gao wist telkens machtswisselingen te bewerkstelligen aan het Qin-hof. Toen keizer Qin Shi Huang in 210 v.Chr. stierf, smeedde Zhao Gao samen met de eerste minister Li Si met succes een complot om hun opponenten generaal Meng Tian en kroonprins uit de weg te ruimen en in plaats daarvan de tweede zoon Hu Hai als Tweede Keizer op de troon te zetten. In 207 v.Chr. vermoordde Zhao Gao ook Li Si (208 v.Chr.) en de Tweede Keizer (207 v.Chr.) om zijn neef op de troon te zetten. Zi Ying liet Zhao Gao echter ook vermoorden. (nl) Zhao Gao (赵高; Zhào Gāo), död 207 f.Kr., var en mäktig eunuck under den kinesiska Qindynastin. Zhao Gao arbetade nära dynastins tre kejsare och blev efter en konspiration en makfaktor med stor inblandning i dynastins tronföljd och fall. Zhao Gao var en ättling till huset Zhao (赵) som styrde riket Zhao. Hans mor hade kommit till Qin som krigsfånge. Som ung var Zhao Gao bara en springpojke bland eunuckerna, men på grund av hans intellektuella styrkor fick han en tjänst i Qindynastins hov där han arbetade i mer än 20 år. (sv) Чжао Гао (кит. трад. 趙高, упр. 赵高; ум. 207 до н. э.) — главный евнух при императорском дворе династии Цинь, который путём сложных интриг смог захватить фактическую власть в стране и способствовал гибели династии. Хотя он упоминается как евнух, он не прошёл процедуры кастрации, страдая врождённой половой дисфункцией. (ru) 赵高（前258年－前207年），中国战国时期秦国及秦朝丞相、權臣、宦官（有爭議），历仕秦始皇、秦二世和秦王子婴三代君主。 赵高姓赵氏，为秦国宗室遠親，但其出身是一個士兵，地位卑賤。前210年，秦始皇在沙丘驾崩时，赵高与公子胡亥、丞相李斯合谋更改秦始皇遗诏，立胡亥为秦二世，并矫诏赐死公子扶苏，囚禁蒙恬兄弟二人，是為沙丘之变。秦二世登基后，赵高升任郎中令，怂恿秦二世整肅宗室及大臣，其中包括蒙恬、蒙毅兄弟和沙丘之变的主谋李斯。李斯死后，赵高出任中丞相，独揽朝政，因惧怕秦二世追究关东（函谷关以东）农民起义军之事，遂发动望夷宫之变，強迫秦二世自盡。並改立秦王子婴，子婴不信任趙高，設局派宦官韩谈杀死趙高。 一般认为赵高引发的多次秦朝内部宫廷混乱是造成秦朝加速灭亡的原因之一，但历史上对赵高是否为閹宦，以及制造秦朝宫廷混乱的动机都尚存争议。司馬遷著《史记》时没有为赵高单独立传，赵高的事蹟主要记载于《史记·秦始皇本纪》、《史记·李斯列传》和《史记·蒙恬列传》中。 (zh) Zhao Gao (died 207 BC) was a Chinese politician and calligrapher. He was an official of the Qin dynasty of China. Allegedly a eunuch, he served as a close aide to all three rulers of the Qin dynasty – Qin Shi Huang, Qin Er Shi and Ziying – and was regarded as having played an instrumental role in the downfall of the dynasty. (en) Zhao Gao (chiń. 趙高; zm. 207 p.n.e.) – chiński polityk, główny eunuch i kanclerz władców z dynastii Qin. Wykorzystując swoją wysoką pozycję na dworze cesarskim, po śmierci Shi Huangdi zawiązał - wraz z Li Si i młodszym synem zmarłego, Huhai - spisek, którego celem było wyeliminowanie prawowitego następcy oraz generała Meng Tiana. Zmuszono ich do samobójstwa, posługując się sfałszowanymi dokumentami wystawionymi rzekomo przez Pierwszego Cesarza. (pl) |
| rdfs:label | Zhao Gao (de) Zhao Gao (in) Zhao Gao (fr) 趙高 (ja) 조고 (ko) Zhao Gao (nl) Zhao Gao (pl) Чжао Гао (ru) Zhao Gao (en) Zhao Gao (sv) 赵高 (zh) |
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