Bulgaria (original) (raw)

Bulgaria

to 16 Apr 1879 (de jure to 5 Oct 1908)	1868 - 1877 Bulgarian Nationalist Flag	1877 - 16 Apr 1879	16 Apr 1879 - 4 Dec 1947
1 Aug 1879 - 6 Dec 1947 Naval Flag	9 Sep 1944 - 4 Dec 1947 Unofficial	4 Dec 1947 - 5 Jan 1968	5 Jan 1968 - 18 Mar 1971
18 Mar 1971 - 22 Nov 1990	Re-adopted 22 Nov 1990

Map of Bulgaria	Hear National Anthem "Mila Rodino" (Dear Homeland) Adopted 8 Sep 1964 ---------------------------------------- Former National Anthem "Bălgariyo Mila" (Dear Bulgaria) (1950-1964)	Former National Anthem "Shumi Maritsa" (Maritsa Rushes)(1885-1944) ----------------------------------- Former National Anthem "Republiko nasha, Zdravey!" (Hail to the Republic!)(1944-50)	Constitution (12 Jul 1991) ------------------------------ Royal Constitution (28 Apr 1879-6 Dec 1947; suspended 1881-1888)
Capital: Sofia (Sofiya) (Tărnovgrad 1185-1393; Tărnovo 1877-1879; Ruse [Rus�uk] 1864-1877; Nikopol 1393-95; Ohrid 992-1018; Skopie 972-992; Preslav 893-972; Pli�ka 681-893)	Currency: New Lev (BGN); 1962-1999 Bulgarian Heavy Lev (BGL); 1952-1962 Bulgarian Socialist Lev (BGM); 1879-1952 Bulgarian Lev (BGO)	National Holiday: 3 Mar (1878) Den na Osvobozhdenieto na Bălgariya (Liberation Day of Bulgaria)	Population: 6,782,659 (2024)
GDP: 215.3billion(2023)∣∗∗Exports∗∗:215.3 billion (2023)	Exports: 215.3billion(2023)∣∗∗Exports∗∗:63.4 billion (2023) Imports: $59.2 billion (2023)	Ethnic groups: Bulgarian 78.5%, Turkish 7.8%, Roma 4.1%, other 1.2%, unspecified 9.4% (2021)
Total Active Armed Forces: 36,950 (2020) Merchant marine: 78 ships (2023)	Religions: Christian 64.7%, Muslim 9.8%, other 0.1%, none 4.7%, unspecified 20.7% (2021)
International Organizations/Treaties: AG, ANT (consultative), APM, BIS, BSEC, BTWC, CCM, CD, CE, CEI, CERN, CFE, CTBT, CWC, DC, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, ENMOD, ESA (cooperating state), ESCR, EU, Euratom, Eutelsat, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, Intersputnik, IOC, IOM, IPU, IRENA, ISA, ISO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MTCR, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NPT, NSG, NTBT, OAS (observer), OECD (candidate), OIF, OPCW, OS, OSCE, OST, PAM (partner), PCA, SECP, SELEC, UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP, UNFCC-PA, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WA, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

Bulgaria Index	Chronology c.29 BC Area of modern Bulgaria of Roman Empire (as Moesia) 87 Moesia is split into Moesia Inferior and Moesia Superior. 376 Gothic foederati administration. 18 Jan 395 Part of Eastern Roman (Byzantine)Empire. 629? Bulgarian state, called Great or Old Bulgaria, between the Dniester and Lower Volga Rivers. 680 Establishment of the Bulgars south of the Danube River. 864 Christianity adopted. 913 Bulgarian State ("First Bulgarian Empire"). 971 - 976 Byzantine occupation of most of the country. 1018 � 1185 Part of Byzantine Empire (Sirmium taken 1019). 1185 Bulgarian State ("Second Bulgarian Empire"). 1188 Independence recognized by Byzantine Empire. 1274 - 1300 Mongol invasions. 2 Jun 1365 - Nov? 1369 Hungarian occupation of Vidin. 17 Feb 1371 After death of ruler lands populated by Bulgarians were divided into several independent states. 1385 Ottoman occupation ofSofia (Sofiya). 17 Jul 1393 Ottoman occupation of Tărnovgrad (Veliko Tărnovo). 25 Sep 1395 Part of the Ottoman Empire (as part of the Eyalet of Rumelia). 1396 - 1397 Hungarian occupation of Vidin. Oct? 1397 Ottoman occupation of Vidin. bf.Sep 1422 Ottomans conquer last remnants of Bulgarian state. 1552 - 1718 Vidin sanjak part of province (eyalet) of Temesvar. 1864 Danube (Tuna) v ilayet (Vilayet-i Tuna) established. 20 Apr 1876 "April Uprising" launched, led by the Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee, its quick defeat and brutal Ottoman suppression leads to major international outcry and ultimately to Russian intervention (New style date 2 May 1876). 7 Jul 1877 - 8 Aug 1879 Russian occupation. 17 Mar 1878 Autonomous polity established under Ottoman suzerainty by Treaty of San Stefano (Principality of Bulgaria [_Knjazhestvo B�lgarija_])(Old style date 5 Mar 1878). 13 Jul 1878 Treaty of Berlin signed, creation of autonomous Bulgarian polity re-affirmed. 9 Jul 1879 Autonomy comes into full effect with the installation of Head of State (Old style date 27 Jun 1878). 9 Jul 1879 - 5 Oct 1908 Under Ottoman suzerainty. 13 Jul 1878 Treaty of Berlin comes into effect with signing (creation of polity reaffirmed)(O.S. 3 Jul 1878). 5 Oct 1908 Independence declared (Kingdom [Tsardom] of Bulgaria [_Carstvo B�lgarija_])(O.S. 22 Sep 1908). 10 Aug 1913 Western Thrace is annexed from Ottoman Empire. 14 Apr 1916 New Style (Gregorian) Calendar formally introduced. 27 Sep 1918 - 30 Sep 1918 "Radomir Republic" declared by revolting soldiers. 29 Sep 1918 - 31 Oct 1919 Occupied by Principal Allied and Associated Powers. 27 Nov 1919 By Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine Bulgaria cedes Western Thrace to Greece; Dobruja is ceded to Romania; the border areas of western Macedonia (Bosilegrad, Tsaribrod and Strumitsa) are ceded to Serbia/Yugoslavia. 23 Sep 1923 - 29 Sep 1923 Communist revolt in northwestern Bulgaria. 7 Sep 1940 Romania restores Southern Dobruja to Bulgaria. 11 May 1941 - 9 Sep 1944 Bulgaria occupies Greek western Thrace, and from 10 Dec 1941 former Yugoslav Vardar Macedonia and Southern Pomoravlje (see under Serbia). 9 Sep 1944 - 15 Sep 1947 Allied (Soviet) occupation. 15 Sep 1946 People's Republic of Bulgaria (Narodna Republika B�lgarija). 15 Nov 1990 Republic of Bulgaria (Republika B�lgarija). 1 Jan 2007 Part of European Union.
Eastern Rumelia (1363-1908)
Allied (Soviet) Occupation (1944-1947)
Allied Occupation (1918-1919)
Bulgarian Orthodox Church
Historical Maps of Bulgaria

Note: Names are listed in Bulgarian (some with notes) using a modified BGN/PCGN romanization system. Dates before 1877 are given according to Old Style (Julian) calendar, and after according to New Style (Gregorian) calendar. New Style was formally introduced in Bulgaria effective 31 Mar/14 Apr 1916.

First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Workers' Party (BWP)
1 Mar 1945 - 4 Jan 1948 Traycho Kostov Dzhunev (Djunev) (b. 1897 - d. 1949)
General Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP)
4 Jan 1948 - 2 Jul 1949 Georgi Dimitrov Mihaylov (b. 1882 - d. 1949)
2 Jul 1949 - 8 Nov 1950 Secretaries
- Georgi Chankov Ivanov (b. 1909 - d. 2004)
- Vălko Velyov Chervenkov (b. 1900 - d. 1980)
- Pelo Ivanov Pelovski (b. 1903 - d. 1957)
(from 18 Jul 1949)
- Dimităr Dimov Dimitrov (b. 1903 - d. 1968)
(from 20 Oct 1949)
- Todor Hristov Zhivkov (1st time) (b. 1911 - d. 1998)
(from 17 Jan 1950)
- Georgi Tsankov Veselinov (b. 1913 - d. 1990)
(from 17 Jan 1950)
- Ruben Avramov Levi (b. 1900 - d. 1986)
(from 16 Jun 1950)
(acting)
8 Nov 1950 - 26 Jan 1954 Vălko Velyov Chervenkov (s.a.)
26 Jan 1954 - 4 Mar 1954 Secretaries
- Todor Hristov Zhivkov (2nd time) (s.a.)
- Encho Staykov Staykov (Stajkov) (b. 1901 - d. 1975)
- Dimităr Ganev Vărbanov (b. 1898 - d. 1964)
(acting)
First Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party
4 Mar 1954 - 4 Apr 1981 Todor Hristov Zhivkov (s.a.)
General Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party
4 Apr 1981 - 10 Nov 1989 Todor Hristov Zhivkov (s.a.)
10 Nov 1989 - 2 Feb 1990 Petăr Toshev Mladenov (b. 1936 - d. 2000)
("leading role" of the party abolished 15 Jan 1990)

King s�
629? � 665 Kubrat (Kurt) (b. c.605 - d. 665)
665 � 668 Batbayan (Bat Bajan, Bezmer)
(remained in Old Bulgaria, 668�c.690)
668 � May 694 Asparuh (Isperih) (b. c.633 - d. 694)
May 694 � 715 Tervel (b. c.675 - d. 715)
715 - Jul 715 Ayyar (Ajjar) (d. 715)
Jul 715 � 721 Kormesiy (Kormesij) (d. 721)
721 � May 737 Sevar (d. 737)
May 737 � Feb 754 Kormisosh (Kormiso�) (d. 754)
Feb 754 � 760 Vineh (d. 760)
760 � Sep? 763 Telets (Telec) (b. c.731 - d. c.763)
Sep? 763 � May 765 Sabin (b. 73. - d. af.768)
May 765 - Jun 765 Umor (d. af.765)
Jun 765 � 766 Toktu (d. 766)
766 � 767 Pagan (d. 767)
767 � 777 Telerig (b. 706 - d. af.777)
777 � 796/97 Kardam (d. 796/97)
796/97 � 13 Apr 814 Krum "Strashni" (the Dreadful) (d. 814)
Apr 814 � 831 Omurtag (Omortag) (d. 831)
831 � 836 Malamir (d. 836)
836 � 852 Presian I (d. 852)
852 � 889 Boris I (Mihail) (b. c.817 - d. 907)
889 � 893 Vladimir (b. c.837 - d. 893?)
893 � 913 Simeon (b. 864/65 - d. 927)Emperor s�
913 - 27 May 927 Simeon I "Veliki" (the Great) (s.a.)
27 May 927 � Sep? 969 Petăr I (b. 91. - d. 970?)
Sep? 969 � 977 Boris II (b. c.931 - d. 977)
(Byzantine prisoner 972-977)
971 - 977 R egents
- David (to 976) (b. 9.. - d. 976)
- Moysey (Mojsej)(to 976) (b. 9.. - d. 976)
- Aron (Aaron) (b. 94. - d. 987)
- Samuil (b. 94. - d. 1014)
977 � 997 Roman (Roman Simeon?) (b. 94. - d. 997)
(Byzantine prisoner 991-997)
997 � 6 Oct 1014 Samuil (s.a.)
(regent 991-997)
6 Oct 1014 � Aug 1015 Gavril Radomir (b. c.970 - d. 1015)
Aug 1015 � Feb 1018 Ivan Vladislav (c. c.960 - d. 1018)
Feb 1018 - 1018 Presian II (b. c.996 - d. 1060/61)
1018 � 1185 part of Byzantine Empire
May 1040 � Sep 1041 Petăr (II) Delyan (Deljan) (b. 9.. - d. 1041)
(1st time) (in rebellion)
Sep 1041 - Oct? 1041 Alusian (in rebellion) (b. c.999 - d. af.1068)
Oct? 1041 - Nov? 1041 Petăr (II) Delyan (2nd time) (s.a.)
(in rebellion)
1072 - Dec 1072 Petăr (III) (in rebellion) (b. 10.. - d. 1099)
(= Konstantin Bodin of Dioclea)
1185 � 1197 Petăr IV (or Petăr II) (Todor) (b. 116. - d. 1197)
1188 � 1196 Ivan Asěn I -Co-ruler (b. 116. - d. 1196)
1196 � 8 Oct 1207 Ivan I Kaloyan (Kalojan, Kaloěn) (b. c.1168 - d. 1207)
8 Oct 1207 � 1218 Boril (b. 119. - d. 1218?)
1218 � 24 Jun 1241 Ivan Asěn II (b. c.1190 - d. 1241)
24 Jun 1241 � Aug 1246 Kaliman Asěn I (b. 1234? - d. 1246)
24 Jun 1241 � Aug 1246 .... -Regent
Aug 1246 � Jul? 1256 Mihail Asěn I (b. c.1234 - d. 1256)
Aug 1246 � 125. .... -Regent Jul? 1256 - Sep? 1256 Kaliman Asěn II (b. 12.. - d. 1256)
Sep? 1256 � 1257 Mitso (Mico) Asěn (b. 12.. - d. 1278)
(in rebellion to c.1262)
1257 � Sep? 1277 Konstantin Asěn I Tih (b. 123. - d. 1277)
1257 - 1262 Rostislav Mihaylovich (b. 1225? - d. 1262)
(in rebellion, in Vidin)
1266 - 1273 Yakov (Jakov) Svetoslav (b. 123. - d. c.1276)
(in rebellion, in Vidin)
c.1272 � Feb 1279 Mihail Asěn II (b. 1271 - d. af.1302)
(co-ruler to Sep? 1277)
Sep? 1277 - Feb 1279 Mar�a Palaiolog�na (b. 124. - d. 12..)
Kantakouz�n� (f) -Regent
May? 1278 � Feb 1279 Ivaylo (Ivajlo) -Co-ruler (usurper)(b. 125. - d. 1280)
Feb 1279 � 1280 Ivan Asěn III (b. 125. - d. 1302/03)
1280 � 1292 Georgi Terter I (b. 125. - d. 1308?)
1292 � Nov 1298 Smilets (Smilec) (b. 125. - d. 1298)
Nov 1298 � 1299 Ivan II (b. 128. - d. bf.1330)
Nov 1298 - 1299 "Smiltsena"Pala�ologina (f) -Regent
1299 � Aug 1322 Todor Svetoslav (b. 127. - d. 1322)
(co-ruler c.1285�1289)
Aug 1322 � Apr? 1323 Georgi Terter II (b. 127. - d. 1323)
(co-ruler from c.1321)
Jun 1323 � 28 Jul 1330 Mihail Asěn III Shishman (�i�man) (b. c.1277 - d. 1330)
28 Jul 1330 � Mar? 1331 Ivan Stefan (b. 131. - d. 1357)
(co-ruler Jun 1323 � 1324)
28 Jul 1330 - Mar? 1331 Anna (Neda) (f) -Regent (de facto) (b. 129. - d. af.1346)
Mar? 1331 � 17 Feb 1371 Ivan Aleksandăr (b. 130. - d. 1371)
c.1332 - 1355 Mihail Asěn IV -C o-ruler (b. 1321 - d. 1355?)
1356 � Oct? 1397 Ivan Sratsimir (Sracimir) (b. 1324 - d. 1397?)
(co-ruler from 1337)
(in Vidin; Hungarian prisoner 21 Jun 1365 � Oct? 1369)
1337 - 1349 Ivan Asěn IV -Co-ruler (in Preslav)(b. c.1326 - d. 1349)
c.1355 - af.1378 Ivan Asěn V -Co-ruler(in Preslav?)(d. af.1378)
17 Feb 1371 � 29 Oct 1395 Ivan Shishman (�i�man) (b. 1350/51 - d. 1395)
(co-ruler from c.1355)
(in Tărnovgrad, from 17 Jul 1393 in Nikopol)
Oct? 1397 � bf.Sep 1422 Konstantin Asěn II (in Vidin) (b. 1371 - d. 1422)
(co-ruler 1395 - Oct? 1397)
Ottoman Walis (governors) of Vidin (Widdin)
4 Aug 1833 - Apr 1844 Aga H�seyin Pasha (1st time) (b. c.1776 - d. 1849)
Apr 1844 - Feb 1845 Sirkatibi Mustafa Nuri Pasha (b. 1798 - d. 1879)
Feb 1845 - Oct 1846 Mehmed Hayreddin Pasha (d. 1869)
Oct 1846 - 25 Apr 1849 Aga H�seyin Pasha (2nd time) (s.a.)
May 1849 - Sep 1850 Mezarcizade Mehmed Ziyaeddin Pasha
Sep 1850 - Oct 1851 Ali Reza Pasha
Oct 1851 - Jun 1852 Mustafa Zarif Pasha (b. 1816 - d. 1862)
Jun 1852 - 1855 Abdurrahman Sami Pasha (b. 1794 - d. 1882)
1853 - Jul 1855 Ibrahim Pasha
Jul 1855 - Oct 1857 Mehmed Moamer Pasha
Oct 1857 - Nov 1859 Ramazanoglu Mehmed Ismet Pasha
Nov 1859 - Sep 1861 Mirza (Tatar) Mehmed Said Pasha
Sep 1861 - Apr 1864 Arnavud S�leyman Refet Pasha
Apr 1864 - Dec 1864 Mehmed Reshid Pasha (b. 1830 - d. 1890)
(= Wilhelm Strecker)
Walis (governors) of Tuna (Danube)
Oct 1864 - Mar 1868 Hafiz Ahmed Midhat Shefik Pasha (b. 1822 - d. 1883)
Mar 1868 - Dec 1868 Mehmed Sabri Pasha (d. 1879)
Feb 1869 - Oct 1870 Arnavud Mehmed Akif Pasha (b. 1822 - d. 1893)
Oct 1870 - Oct 1871 K�c�k �mer Fevzi Pasha (b. 1818 - d. 1878)
Oct 1871 - Jun 1872 Ahmed Rasim Pasha (b. 1825 - d. 1897)
Jun 1872 - Apr 1873 Ahmed Hamdi Pasha (b. 1826 - d. 1885)
Apr 1873 - Apr 1874 Abdurrahman Nureddine Pasha (b. 1833 - d. 1912)
Apr 1874 - Sep 1876 Mehmed Asim Pasha
Oct 1876 - Feb 1877 Halil Rifat Pasha (b. 1827 - d. 1901)
1876 - 1877 Oman Mazhar Ahmed
Pasha -Wali of Sofya
Feb 1877 - May 1877 Karavezir Mehmed Sadik Pasha (b. 1826 � d. 1901)
May 1877 - 1878 Kayserli Ahmed Pasha (b. 1796 - d. 1878)Russian Commander-in-chief of the Deployed Army
7 Jul 1877 - 21 May 1878 Velikiy Knyaz' Nikolay Nikolayevich(b. 1831 - d. 1891)
Romanov
Russian Heads of Civil Affairs with the Commander of the Deployed Army
13 Jul 1877 - 3 Mar 1878 Knyaz' Vladimir Aleksandrovich (b. 1824 - d. 1878) Non-party
Cherkasskiy
3 Mar 1878 - 21 May 1878 Dmitriy Gavrilovich Anuchin (b. 1833 - d. 1900) Mil
Russian Imperial Commissioner in Bulgaria 21 May 1878 - 9 Jul 1879 Knyaz'Aleksandr Mikhaylovich (b. 1822 - d. 1883) Mil

Dondukov-Korsakov

Prince�

9 Jul 1879 - 21 Aug 1886 Aleksandăr I (1st time) (b. 1857 - d. 1893)

(= Alexander Joseph von Battenberg)

(investiture in Constantinople 5 Jul 1879, landed

at Varna 6 Jul 1879, installed at Tarnovo 9 Jul 1879)

Chairmen of the Provisional Government

21 Aug 1886 - 24 Aug 1886 mitropolit Kliment Tărnovski (b. 1841 - d. 1901) KP

(= Vasiliy Nikolov Drumev)

24 Aug 1886 - 30 Aug 1886 Petko Stoychev Karavelov (b. 1843 - d. 1903) LP

Princes�

25 Aug 1886 - 29 Aug 1886 Governorship (Regency)

(in opposition, nominally for Aleksandăr)

- Stefan Nikolov Stambolov (b. 1854 - d. 1895) NLP

(chairman)

- Petko Rachev Slaveykov (b. 1827 - d. 1895) LP

- Grigor Dimitrov Nachovich (b. 1845 - d. 1920) KP

(did not take office)

- Georgi Ivanov Stranski (b. 1847 - d. 1904) LP

(from 28 Aug 1886)

29 Aug 1886 - 7 Sep 1886 Aleksandăr I (2nd time) (s.a.)

7 Sep 1886 - 14 Aug 1887 Princely Governorship (Regents)

- Stefan Nikolov Stambolov (s.a.) NLP

- Petko Stoychev Karavelov (s.a.) LP

(to 13 Nov 1886)

- Georgi Atanasov Zhivkov (b. 1844 - d. 1899) NLP

(from 13 Nov 1886)

- Sava Atanasov Mutkurov (b. 1852 - d. 1891) Mil

14 Aug 1887 - 5 Oct 1908 Ferdinand I (b. 1861 - d. 1948)

(= Ferdinand Maximilian Karl Leopold

Maria von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha)

Kings�

5 Oct 1908 - 3 Oct 1918 Ferdinand I (s.a.)

27 Sep 1918 - 30 Sep 1918 Aleksandăr Stoimenov Stamboliyski (b. 1879 - d. 1923) BZNS

(president of "Radomir Republic", in rebellion)

3 Oct 1918 - 28 Aug 1943 Boris III (b. 1894 - d. 1943)

28 Aug 1943 - 15 Sep 1946 Simeon II (b. 1937)

28 Aug 1943 - 11 Sep 1943 Bogdan Dimitrov Filov -Regent (b. 1883 - d. 1945) Non-party

(acting)

11 Sep 1943 - 9 Sep 1944 Regency Council

- Kiril Knyaz Preslavski (b. 1895 - d. 1945) Non-party

- Bogdan Dimitrov Filov (s.a.) Non-party

(to 8 Sep 1944)

- Nikola Mihaylov Mihov (b. 1891 - d. 1945) Mil

9 Sep 1944 - 15 Sep 1946 Regency Council

- Venelin Yordanov Ganev (b. 1880 - d. 1966) OF

- Todor Dimitrov Pavlov (b. 1890 - d. 1977) OF

- Tsvetko (Tsvjatko) Petrov (b. 1884 - d. 1952) OF

Boboshevski

President of the National Assembly (from 7 Nov 1947, Grand National Assembly)

15 Sep 1946 - 9 Dec 1947 Vasil Petrov Kolarov (s.a.) BRP

Chairman of the Presidium of the Grand National Assembly

9 Dec 1947 - 18 Jan 1950 Mincho Kolev Neychev (b. 1897 - d. 1956) BRP;1948 BKP

**Chairmen of the Presidium of the National Assembly

18 Jan 1950 - 27 May 1950 Mincho Kolev Neychev (s.a.) BKP

27 May 1950 - 27 Nov 1958 Georgi Părvanov Damyanov (b. 1892 - d. 1958) BKP

27 Nov 1958 - 30 Nov 1958 Georgi Kulishev Gugov (1st time) (b. 1885 - d. 1974) Non-party

+ Nikolay Georgiev Ivanov(1st time)(b. 1906 - d. 1987) BZNS

(acting)

30 Nov 1958 - 20 Apr 1964 Dimităr Ganev Vărbanov (s.a.) BKP

20 Apr 1964 - 23 Apr 1964 Georgi Kulishev Gugov (2nd time) (s.a.) Non-party

+ Nikolay Georgiev Ivanov(2nd time)(s.a.) BZNS

(acting)

23 Apr 1964 - 7 Jul 1971 Georgi Traykov Girovski (b. 1898 - d. 1975) BZNS

Chairmen of the State Council

7 Jul 1971 - 17 Nov 1989 Todor Hristov Zhivkov (s.a.) BKP

17 Nov 1989 - 3 Apr 1990 Petăr Toshev Mladenov (s.a.) BKP

Presidents

3 Apr 1990 - 24 Jul 1990 Petăr Toshev Mladenov (s.a.) BSP

6 Jul 1990 - 17 Jul 1990 Stanko Todorov Georgiev (b. 1920 - d. 1996) BSP

(acting for Mladenov)

17 Jul 1990 - 1 Aug 1990 Nikolay Todorov Todorov (b. 1921 - d. 2003) Non-party

(acting [for Mladenov to 24 Jul 1990])

1 Aug 1990 - 22 Jan 1997 Zhelyu Mitev Zhelev (b. 1935 - d. 2015) SDS

(chairman of the republic to 13 Jul 1991)

22 Jan 1997 - 22 Jan 2002 Petăr Stefanov Stoyanov (b. 1952) SDS

22 Jan 2002 - 22 Jan 2012 Georgi Sedefchov Părvanov (b. 1957) BSP

22 Jan 2012 - 22 Jan 2017 Rosen Asenov Plevneliev (b. 1964) GERB

22 Jan 2017 - Rumen Georgiev Radev (b. 1963) Non-party

Prime ministers� (chairmen of the council of ministers)

17 Jul 1879 - 6 Dec 1879 Todor Stoyanov Burmov (b. 1834 - d. 1906) KP

6 Dec 1879 - 7 Apr 1880 Kliment, mitropolit Tărnovski (s.a.) Non-party

8 Apr 1880 - 10 Dec 1880 Dragan Kiriyakov Tsankov (Cankov) (b. 1828 - d. 1911) KP

(1st time)

10 Dec 1880 - 9 May 1881 Petko Stoychev Karavelov (1st time)(s.a.) LP

9 May 1881 - 13 Jul 1881 Johann Casimir Ehrenroth (b. 1833 - d. 1913) Mil

(or Ehrnrooth)(= Yohan Kazimir Ernrot)

13 Jul 1881 - 5 Jul 1882 Vacant

5 Jul 1882 - 19 Sep 1883 Leonid Nikolayevich Sobolyov (b. 1844 - d. 1913) Mil

(Sobolev)

19 Sep 1883 - 12 Jul 1884 Dragan Kiriyakov Tsankov (2nd time)(s.a.) KP

12 Jul 1884 - 21 Aug 1886 Petko Stoychev Karavelov (2nd time)(s.a.) LP

21 Aug 1886 - 28 Aug 1886 Vacant

28 Aug 1886 - 10 Jul 1887 Vasil Hristov Radoslavov (1st time)(b. 1854 - d. 1929) LP

10 Jul 1887 - 21 Aug 1887 Konstantin Stoilov Stoilov (b. 1853 - d. 1901) KP

(1st time)

1 Sep 1887 - 31 May 1894 Stefan Nikolov Stambolov (s.a.) NLP

31 May 1894 - 30 Jan 1899 Konstantin Stoilov Stoilov (s.a.) NP

(2nd time)

30 Jan 1899 - 13 Oct 1899 Dimităr Panayotov Grekov (b. 1847 - d. 1901) NLP

13 Oct 1899 - 25 Jan 1901 Todor Ivanchov Todorov (b. 1858 - d. 1905) LP

25 Jan 1901 - 5 Mar 1901 Racho Petrov Stoyanov (1st time) (b. 1861 - d. 1942) NLP

5 Mar 1901 - 3 Jan 1902 Petko Stoychev Karavelov (3rd time)(s.a.) DP

3 Jan 1902 - 19 May 1903 Stoyan Petrov Danev (1st time) (b. 1858 - d. 1949) PLP

19 May 1903 - 5 Nov 1906 Racho Petrov Stoyanov (2nd time) (s.a.) NLP

5 Nov 1906 - 11 Mar 1907 Dimităr Nikolov Petkov (b. 1858 - d. 1907) NLP

12 Mar 1907 - 16 Mar 1907 Dimităr Yanev Stanchov (acting) (b. 1863 - d. 1940) Non-party

16 Mar 1907 - 29 Jan 1908 Petăr Todorov Gudev (b. 1863 - d. 1932) NLP

29 Jan 1908 - 29 Mar 1911 Aleksandăr Pavlov Malinov (b. 1867 - d. 1938) DP

(1st time)

29 Mar 1911 - 14 Jun 1913 Ivan Evstratiev Geshov (b. 1849 - d. 1924) NP

14 Jun 1913 - 17 Jul 1913 Stoyan Petrov Danev (2nd time) (s.a.) PLP

17 Jul 1913 - 21 Jun 1918 Vasil Hristov Radoslavov (2nd time)(s.a.) LP

21 Jun 1918 - 28 Nov 1918 Aleksandăr Pavlov Malinov (s.a.) DP

(2nd time)

28 Nov 1918 - 7 Oct 1919 Teodor Ivanov Teodorov (b. 1859 - d. 1924) NP

7 Oct 1919 - 9 Jun 1923 Aleksandăr Stoimenov Stamboliyski (s.a.) BZNS

9 Jun 1923 - 4 Jan 1926 Aleksandăr Tsolov Tsankov (b. 1879 - d. 1959) DS

(Aleksandar Colov Cankov)(1st time)

23 Sep 1923 - 29 Sep 1923 Supreme Military Revolution Committee

(in rebellion)

- Vasil Petrov Kolarov (b. 1877 - d. 1950) BKP

- Georgi Mihaylov Dimitrov (b. 1882 - d. 1949) BKP

- Gavril Genov Dimitrov (b. 1892 - d. 1934) BKP

4 Jan 1926 - 29 Jun 1931 Andrey Tasev Lyapchev (b. 1866 - d. 1933) DS

29 Jun 1931 - 12 Oct 1931 Aleksandăr Pavlov Malinov (s.a.) DP

(3rd time)

12 Oct 1931 - 19 May 1934 Nikola Stoychev Mushanov (b. 1872 - d. 1951) DP

19 May 1934 - 22 Jan 1935 Kimon Georgiev Stoyanov (1st time) (b. 1882 - d. 1969) Mil

22 Jan 1935 - 21 Apr 1935 Petko Ivanov Zlatev (b. 1883 - d. 1948) VS

21 Apr 1935 - 24 Nov 1935 Andrey Slavov Toshev (b. 1867 - d. 1944) Non-party

24 Nov 1935 - 16 Feb 1940 Georgi Ivanov Kyoseivanov (b. 1884 - d. 1960) Non-party

16 Feb 1940 - 9 Sep 1943 Bogdan Dimitrov Filov (s.a.) Non-party

9 Sep 1943 - 14 Sep 1943 Petăr Hristov Gabrovski (acting) (b. 1898 - d. 1945) Non-party

14 Sep 1943 - 1 Jun 1944 Dobri Bozhilov Hadzhiyanakiev (b. 1884 - d. 1945) Non-party

1 Jun 1944 - 2 Sep 1944 Ivan Ivanov Bagryanov (b. 1891 - d. 1945) Non-party

2 Sep 1944 - 9 Sep 1944 Konstantin Vladov Muraviev (b. 1893 - d. 1965) BZNS

9 Sep 1944 - 23 Nov 1946 Kimon Georgiev Stoyanov (2nd time) (s.a.) OF

15 Sep 1944 - 15 May 1945 Aleksandăr Tsolov Tsankov (s.a.) DS-T

(2nd time)(in dissidence; prime minister

of national government in Vienna

[from Feb 1945, Altaussee] exile)

**Chairmen of the Council of Ministers (premiers)**�

23 Nov 1946 - 2 Jul 1949 Georgi Dimitrov Mihaylov (s.a.) BRP;1948 BKP

2 Jul 1949 - 23 Jan 1950 Vasil Petrov Kolarov (s.a.) BKP

(acting to 20 Jul 1949)

23 Jan 1950 - 18 Apr 1956 Vălko Velyov Chervenkov (s.a.) BKP

(acting to 3 Feb 1950)
18 Apr 1956 - 27 Nov 1962 Anton Tanev Yugov (Jugov) (b. 1904 - d. 1991) BKP

5 Nov 1962 - 9 Jul 1971 Todor Hristov Zhivkov (s.a.) BKP

(acting for Yugov to 27 Nov 1962)

9 Jul 1971 - 18 Jun 1981 Stanko Todorov Georgiev (s.a.) BKP

18 Jun 1981 - 24 Mar 1986 Georgi "Grisha" Stanchev Filipov (b. 1919 - d. 1994) BKP

24 Mar 1986 - 8 Feb 1990 Georgi Ivanov Atanasov (b. 1933 - d. 2022) BKP

8 Feb 1990 - 22 Sep 1990 Andrey Karlov Lukanov (b. 1938 - d. 1996) BKP;1990 BSP

Prime ministers�

22 Sep 1990 - 20 Dec 1990 Andrey Karlov Lukanov (s.a.) BSP

20 Dec 1990 - 8 Nov 1991 Dimităr Iliev Popov (b. 1927 - d. 2015) Non-party

8 Nov 1991 - 29 Dec 1992 Filip Dimitrov Dimitrov (b. 1955) SDS

30 Dec 1992 - 17 Oct 1994 Lyuben Borisov Berov (b. 1925 - d. 2006) Non-party

17 Oct 1994 - 25 Jan 1995 Reneta Ivanova Indzhova (f) (b. 1953) SDS

(interim)

25 Jan 1995 - 12 Feb 1997 Zhan Vasilev Videnov (b. 1959) BSP

12 Feb 1997 - 21 May 1997 Stefan Antonov Sofiyanski (interim)(b. 1951) SDS

21 May 1997 - 24 Jul 2001 Ivan Yordanov Kostov (b. 1949) SDS

24 Jul 2001 - 17 Aug 2005 Simeon Borisov Sakskoburgotski (s.a.) NDSV

(= Simeon II)

17 Aug 2005 - 27 Jul 2009 Sergey Dmitrievich Stanishev (b. 1966) BSP

27 Jul 2009 - 13 Mar 2013 Boyko Metodiev Borisov (1st time) (b. 1959) GERB

13 Mar 2013 - 29 May 2013 Marin Raykov Nikolov (interim) (b. 1960) Non-party

29 May 2013 - 5 Aug 2014 Plamen Vasilev Oresharski (b. 1960) Non-party

5 Aug 2014 - 7 Nov 2014 Georgi Petkov Bliznashki (interim) (b. 1956) Non-party

7 Nov 2014 - 27 Jan 2017 Boyko Metodiev Borisov (2nd time) (s.a.) GERB

27 Jan 2017 - 4 May 2017 Ognyan Stefanov Gerdzhikov (b. 1946) NDSV

(interim)

4 May 2017 - 12 May 2021 Boyko Metodiev Borisov (3rd time) (s.a.) GERB

12 May 2021 - 13 Dec 2021 Stefan Dinchev Yanev (interim) (b. 1960) Non-party

13 Dec 2021 - 2 Aug 2022 Kiril Petkov Petkov (b. 1980) PP

2 Aug 2022 - 6 Jun 2023 Galab Spasov Donev (interim) (b. 1967) Non-party

6 Jun 2023 - 9 Apr 2024 NikolayDenkov Denkov (b. 1962) PP

9 Apr 2024 - 16 Jan 2025 Dimităr Borisov Glavchev (interim) (b. 1962) Non-party

16 Jan 2025 - Rosen Dimitrov Zhelyazkov (b. 1968) GERB

Allied (Soviet) Occupation 1944-1947

Commander of Soviet (Third Ukrainian Front) Forces

9 Sep 1944 - 28 Oct 1944 Fyodor Ivanovich Tolbukhin (b. 1894 - d. 1949) Mil
Chairman of the Allied Control Commission
28 Oct 1944 - 15 Sep 1947 Fyodor Ivanovich Tolbukhin (s.a.) Mil
(Soviet Union)
28 Oct 1944 - May 1947 Sergey Semyonovich Biryuzov (b. 1904 - d. 1964) Mil (acting for Tolbukhin)
(Soviet Union)
May 1947 - 15 Sep 1947 Aleksandr Ivanovich Cherepanov (b. 1895 - d. 1984) Mil (acting for Tolbukhin)(Soviet Union)

Allied Occupation 1918-1919

General Commander-in-Chief of the Allied Armies of the Orient

29 Sep 1918 - 5 Jul 1920 Louis F�lix Marie Fran�ois (b. 1856 - d. 1942) Mil
Franchet d'Esp�rey (France)
Commanders of the Allied Occupation Troops in Bulgaria (in Sofia)
(subordinated to general commander-in-chief of the Allied Armies of the Orient)
7 Oct 1918 - 10 Aug 1919 Adrien Paul Alexandre Chr�tien (b. 1862 - d. 1948) Mil
(France)
10 Aug 1919 - 31 Oct 1919 Henri �douard Claudel (France) (b. 1871 - d. 1956) Mil
Ottoman and Russian Representatives 1878-1908 Ottoman Commissioners
Jul 1878 - Nov 1885 Nihat Pasha (b. c.1815 - d. 1895)
(= Seweryn Bieliński)
Nov 1885 � Mar 1887 Nikola Gobdan Efendi (b. 1835 - d. 18940
Mar 1887 - Mar 1888 H�seyin Rıza Pasha (b. 1838 - d. 1904)
Mar 1888 - Nov 1897 Niyazi Bey (b. 18.. - d. 1902)
Dec 1897 - Sep 1898 Abd�lhalik Nasuhi Bey(b. 1837 - d. 1912)
Sep 1898 - Mar 1902 Melhame Necib Pasha(b. 1856 - d. 1927)
Mar 1902 - 20 Oct 1904 Ali Ferruh Bey (b. 1865 - d. 1904)
Dec 1904 - 1907 Sadık el-M�eyyed Pasha (b. 1858 - d. 1910)
Aug 1908 - Oct 1908 Mustafa Shekib Bey (b. 1864 - d. 1934)

Russian Diplomatic Agents
30 Aug 1878 - 8 May 1880 Aleksandr Petrovich Davydov (b. 1838 - d. 1885)
8 May 1880 - 10 Apr 1881 Aleksey Mikhaylovich Kumani (b. 1835 - d. 1897)
(Cumani)(agent and consul general)
10 Apr 1881 - 14 Mar 1883 Mikhail Aleksandrovich Hitrovo (b. 1837 - d. 1896)
(on special mission)
13 Aug 1883 - Feb 1884 Aleksandr Semyonovich Ionin (b. 1837 - d. 1900)
9 Mar 1884 - 15 Jun 1886 Aleksandr Ivanovich Koyander (b. 1846 - d. 1910)
14 Sep 1886 - 21 Nov 1886 Nikolay Vasilyevich Baron von (b. 1842 - d. 1905)
Kaulbars (on special mission)
21 Nov 1886 - 13 Feb 1896 Vacant
13 Feb 1896 - 2 Mar 1897 Nikolay Valeryevich Charykov (b. 1855 - d. 1930)
(Tcharykow)
2 Mar 1897 - 1905 Yuriy Petrovich Bakhmetev (b. 1848 - d. 1921)
1906 - 1907 Andrey Nikolayevich Shcheglov (b. 1857 - d. af.1920)
(Sheglov) (envoy)
5 Apr 1907 - 25 Jan 1911 Dmitriy Konstantinovich (b. 1859 - d. 1911)
Sementovskiy-Kurillo (envoy)Modern **Noble and Ecclesiastical Titles: Knyaz = Prince; Mitropolit = Metropolitan; Velikiy Knyaz = Grand Duke. �The style of the rulers:
(a) before 913: Kana Sybigi (rendered in modern sources as "Khan" and rendered in Latin as R ex ["King"], in Greek as Arch�n ["Ruler"], in Turkic as Q aghan ["Khan"], and in Slavonic as Knyaz ["King"]). Major and minor long form variations existed, including: (in Greek): Ton pol�n Boulgar�n ho ek theou arch�n ("From God, King of the many Bulgars");
(b) 913 - 1422: Tsar' (originally Tsěsar'), which was rendered in Latin as Imperator ("Emperor"), in Greek as Basileus ("Emperor"), and in Slavonic as Cěsar'/Car' ("Tsar"). Long form major and minor variations existed, but in its fullest title form was: Tsar' (Tsěsar') i samodrăzhets' vsěm' Bălgarom' i Grăkom' ("Emperor and Autocrat of all Bulgarians and Greeks");
(c) 5 Jul 1879 - 5 Oct 1908 (New Style): S bozhiya milost i narodnata volya Knyaz na B ălgariya ("By the grace of God and by the will of the people, Prince of Bulgaria");
(d) 5 Oct 1908 - 24 Jul 1911 (New Style): S bozhiya milost i narodnata volja Tsar na B�lgariya ("By the grace of God and by the will of the people, King [Tsar] of Bulgaria");
(e) 24 Jul 1911 - 15 Sep 1946: S bozhiya milost i narodnata volya Tsar na B ălgarite
("By the grace of God and by the will of the people, King [Tsar] of the Bulgarians").

�Formal style of the prime minister: 5 Jul 1879 - 22 Sep 1990 Predsedatel na Ministerskiya s ăvet (chairman of the council of ministers); from 22 Sep 1990_Minist_ ăr-predsedatel (presiding minister).

Territorial Disputes: None identified.

Party abbreviations:BSP = Bălgarska Sotsialisticheska Partiya (Bulgarian Socialist Party, democratic socialist, Russophile, left-wing nationalist, ex-BKP, est.3 Apr 1990); BZNS = Bălgarski Zemedelski Naroden Săyuz (Bulgarian Agrarian People's Union, agrarian, centrist, 1943-1990 OF member, est.1899); GERB= Grazhdani za Evropeysko Razvitie na Bălgariya (Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria, conservative, populist, pro-European, est.3 Dec 2006); ITN = Ima Takav Narod (There Is Such a People, populist, nationalist, conservative, pro-European, est.16 Feb 2020); NDSV = Natsionalno Dvizhenie za Stabilnost i Văzkhod (National Movement for Stability and Progress, liberal, populist, center-right, ex-King Simeon II personalist to 6 Jul 2009, named 2001-3 Jun 2007 as Natsionalno Dvizhenie Simeon Vtori [National Movement Simeon II], est.6 Apr 2001);PP = Prodalzhavame Promyanata (We Continue the Change, centrist, liberal, anti-corruption, pro-European, est.17 Sep 2021); SDS = Săyuz na Demokratichnite Sili (Union of Democratic Forces, conservative, christian democratic, anti-communist, pro-European, est.7 Dec 1989); Mil = Military;

- Former parties: BKP = Bălgarska Komunisticheska Partiya (Bulgarian Communist Party, communist, 1903-1938, 1948-3 Apr 1990, named BRP 1938-48, state party 1948-15 Jan 1990, renamed BSP); BRP = Bălgarska RabotnicheskaPartiya (Bulgarian Workers' Party, communist, 1938-1948, renamed BKP); DP = Demokraticheska Partiya (Democratic Party, liberal, split from LP, 1894-1947, banned 1934); KP = Konservativna Partiya (Conservative Party, 1879-1887); LP = Liberalna Partiya (Liberal Party, conservative, 1883-1920, merged into NLP); NLP = Narodnoliberalna Partiya (People's Liberal Party, split from LP, conservative-liberal, 1887-1930); NP = Narodna Partiya (People's Party, conservative, former KP, 1894-1920); DS-T = Demokraticheski Sgovor-Tsankov (Democratic Union-Tsankov, popularly called Narodno SotsialnoDvizhenie [National Social Movement], Tsankov personalist, fascist, split from DS, 1932-1945, banned 1934); OF = Otechestven Front (Fatherland Front, anti-monarchist, anti-German, umbrella organization of BRP/BKP, BZNS, NSZ and Socialdemokraticheska Partija [Social Democratic Party], 1942-1990); PLP = Progresivnoliberalna Partiya (Progressive Liberal Party, split from LP, 1884-1920);VS = Voenen Săyuz (Military Union, military, 1919-1936)

Eastern Rumelia

Map of Eastern Rumelia	Capital: Filibe (Plovdiv) (1879-1886/1908) (Rumelia: Edirne 1362- 1530; Sofia 1530-1836; Monastir 1836-1867)	Organic Statute (26 Apr 1879 - 1 Jan 1886; in Greek)	Population: 975,030 (1884) 1,100,000 (1900)
Currency: 1879-1881 Ottoman Piastre (XTOP); 1881-1885 Ottoman Lira (XOTL)	Exports: 64.1 million Ottoman Piastres (1883) Imports: 54.7 million Ottoman Piastres (1883)	Ethnic groups: Bulgarians 70%, Turks 20.6%, Greeks 5.4%, Gypsy 2.8%, Jews 0.7%, Armenians 0.2% (1884)
Eastern Rumelia Gendarmerie: 5,510 (1880) Merchant marine: N/A	Religions: Orthodox 76%, Muslim 21%, other Christian 2%, other 1% (1884)

1363 Thrace annexed by the Ottoman Empire; part Eyalet of Rumelia
(Eyālet-i Rūm-ėli), to 1591 Beylerbeylik of Rumelia (Rumeli Beylerbeyliği).
1867 Rump of Rumelia merged into Salonika(Ey�let-i Sel�nik) Eyalet
(see under Greece).
1878 - 1886 Pomak rebellion led by Hassan Aga in the Tamrash region of the
Rhodope Mountains, sometimes called "the Republic of Tamrash."
16 Jan 1878 - 30 May 1879 Russian occupation.
13 Jul 1878 Eastern Rumelia (created from the Sandjaks of Filibe [Plovdiv]
and Islimiye [Sliven] of Edirne Vilayet), autonomous within
the Ottoman Empire.
30 May 1879 Autonomy effected by Treaty of Berlin (by hand over).
18 Sep 1885 Provisional government established with Prince of Bulgaria
made sovereign of Eastern Rumelia.
22 Sep 1885 Annexation by Bulgaria, renamed South Bulgaria (nominally
remains Ottoman, but de facto incorporated into Bulgaria).
25 Apr 1886 Eastern Rumelia nominally restored with the Prince of
Bulgaria as governor-general.
5 Oct 1908 Formally incorporated into independent Bulgaria.

Beylerbeys of Rumelia
1363 - 1375 Lala Shahin Pasha (b. 1330 - d. 1389?)
1375 - 1390 Kara Timurtasch Pasha (d. 1405)
(= Timurtaş Bey)
1390 - c.1396 Firuz Bey
c.1402 Saruca Pasha
1409 - 1410 S�leyman �elebi (d. 1411)
1410 - 1412? Musa �elebi
1412 Mihaloğlu Mehmed Bey (d. 1423)
1413 - 14.. Bayezid Pasha
c.1421 Mustafa Bey
c.1424 Sadibegzade
1425 - 1431 Sinaneddin Yusuf Pasha
1431 - 1434 Sinan Pasha
1435 - 1437 Isa Bey
1437 - 1442 Hadım Shehabeddin Pasha (d. 1453)
(= Kula Shahin Pasha)
1442? - 1443 Kasim Pasha (d. 1443)
1443? - 1444? Davud Bey
1444 - 1444 Mehmed (from 1444, Mehmed II)
1444/48 Turahan (Turakhan) Bey (d. 1456)
1449/53 - 1456 Dayi Kara�a Bey
1456 - 1468 Mahmud Pasha Angelovich (b. 1420 - d. 1474)
(= Veli Mahmud Pasha)
1468 - 1473 Hass Murad Pasha
1474/75 Hadim S�leyman Pasha (d. 1490)
1478 - 1481 Dervish Ko�a Davud Pasha Arnavut (b. c.1446 - d. 1498)
1481 - 1482 Yahya Pasha (1st time)
1482 - 1486 Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha
1486 - 1487 Hadim Ali Pasha
1487 - 1492 Yahya Pasha (2nd time)
1492 - 1494 Mesih Pasha
1494 - 1498 Hadim Yakub Pasha
bf.1499 Halil Pasha?
1498 - 1501 Ko�a Mustafa Pasha
1501 Sofu or G�zelce Hasan Beg ?
1501 - Dec 1503 Guveyi Sinan Pasha
Dec 1503 - 1505 Yahya Pasha (3rd time)
1505 - Sep 1511 Hasan Pasha (1st time)
Sep 1511 - Jan 1512 Hadim Sinan Pasha (1st time)
6 Jan 1512 - Apr 1512 Yunus Pasha (1st time) (d. 1517)
Apr 1512 - 23 Aug 1514 Hasan Pasha (2nd time)
1514 Has Murad Pasha
1514 - Jun 1515 Hadim Sinan Pasha (2nd time)
1516 Yunus Pasha (2nd time) (s.a.)
1516 - Mar 1517 K�c�k Sinan Pasha
Mar 1517 - 1518 Mustafa Pasha
1517 Kara Isa Beg?
c.1519 Sadi Pasha
1519 Behram Pasha
1520? - 1521? Hain Ahmed Pasha
1522 - 152. Mehmed Ayas Pasha
Jun 1523 - 152. Pargali Ibrahim Pasha
1527 Kasim Pasha
c.1530 Kara Ahmed Pasha (d. 1522)
c.1531 - Mar 1532 Behram Pasha
1533 - 153. G�zelce Kasim Pasha
1534 Cendereli Isa Bey Pasha
1534? - 1535? Deli Husrev Pasha
1535 Sofu Mehmed Pasha
1536 - 153. L�tfi Pasha (b. c.1488 - d. 1563)
153. - 1538 Sofu Mehmed Pasha (d. 1544)
Jun 1538 - 1541 Deli H�srev Pasha (d. 1545)
1541 - 1547 Kara Ahmad Pasha
1547 - 1549 Semiz Ali Pasha
1549 Tavil Mehmed Pasha Sokollu (b. 1505 - d. 1579)
1550? Semiz Ali Pasha
1553 Pertev Pasha
1555 - 153 Kizil Ahmedli Mustafa Pasha
1558 - c.1563 Doganci Haci Ahmed Pasha
Jul 1563 - 156. Hasan Pasha
1564 - 1569 Shemsi Ahmed Pasha (d. 1580)
1565 - 156. Semiz Ahmed Pasha
c.1567/8 Cafer Pasha
c.1569 Merdjiji Haydar Pasha
1570/1 - 157. Enderuni Hasan Pasha (d. 1574)
c.1572 Kanijeli Siyavush Pasha ?
c.1573 Lala H�seyin Pasha
c.1576 Siyavush Pasha
157. - 1577 Sofu Mehmed Pasha
1578 - 1579 Mahmud Pasha
1579/80 - 1581? Kanijeli Siyavush Pasha
1582 Hadim Cafer Pasha
1582 - 1582 Bosnavi Damad Ibrahim Pasha
1582 - 1583 Ferhad Pasha
Oct 1583 - 1584 Kalaylikoz Ali Pasha
Apr 1584 - 158. Frenk Yusuf Pasha (d. 1590)
c.1588 Hizir Pasha ?
158. - Apr 1589 Doganci Mehmed Pasha
1589 - 1592? Hizir Pasha (or Haydar Pasha)
1590 - 159. Damad Cafer Pasha
May 1591 - Jan 1593?? Hasan Pasha (1st time)
Jun 1592 - 1593 Mehmed Pasha
May 1593 - Aug 1594 Sinanzade Mehmed Pasha Sokollu
Oct 1594 - Dec 1594 Hasan Pasha (2nd time)
Mar 1595 - Nov 1596? Hasan Pasha (3rd time)
Oct 1595 - 159. Veli Pasha (1st time) (d. 1599)
1596/7 Satirci Mehmed Pasha
1597 - 159. Lala Mustafa Pasha
1597/8 - 1598/Apr 1599? Veli Pasha (2nd time) (s.a.)
Aug 1598 - Nov 1599 Lala Mehmed Pasha (1st time)
1600 - 1601 Lala Mehmed Pasha (2nd time)
160. - 1602 Hasan Pasha (d. 1602)
end 1602 - 1604? Kuyu�u Murad Pasha
Jul 1604 - Dec 1604 Tiryaki Hasan Pasha (1st time)
Dec 1604 - Jan 1605 Kara Davud Pasha (d. 1623)
Jan 1605 - 22 Mar 1605 Vezir Nakkash Hasan Pasha
22 Mar 1605 - Feb 1606 Tiryaki Hasan Pasha (2nd time)
1606 Deli Ferhad Pasha
1606 - Nov 1607 Tiryaki Hasan Pasha (3rd time)
1607/8 - 160. Maryol H�seyin Pasha
1607 - 160. Ekma�izade Edirneli Ahmet Pasha
160. - 1610 Kadizade Ali Pasha
1614 - 161. Damad Ahmed Pasha (1st time)
1616 - 1617 Damad Ahmed Pasha (2nd time)
May 1617 - May 1618 Karabash/Sofu Mehmed Pasha
(or K�se Sefer Pasha)
1618 Arslan Pasha
1618 - 1619 Dilaver Pasha (d. 1622)
161. - 1621? Ohrili H�seyin Pasha
1621 - 162. B�rsali Yusuf Pasha
1622 Ilyas Pasha
1622 - 162. Vesir Kenaan Pasha
1623 S�hte Mustafa Pasha
May 1623 - 162. G�r�� Mehmed Pasha
1627/8 Celebi Yusuf Pasha
1628/9 Deli Yusuf Pasha
1628/9 - Nov/Dec 1629 Manisali Ebubekir Pasha
16.. - 1631? Cevza S�leyman Pasha
Nov 1632 - Oct 1633 Vesir Bairam Pasha
c.1634 - c.1636 Tabanyasi Mehmed Pasha
Feb 1637 - Sep 1637 Nasuhpasazade H�seyin Pasha
1637/8 - 1638/39 Ali Pasha (d. 1638/39)
1640 - 1642 Vesir Izmir Mustafa Pasha (b. 1609? - d. 1642)
164. K��k Musa Pasha
c.1643 Vardar Ali Pasha
1643 - Jan 1644 Faiq Pasha (b. 1573 - d. 1644)
Jan 1644 - Mar 1644 Vesir Osman Pasha
1644 Malatiyali S�leyman Pasha
1644 Kurshuncu Mehmed Pasha
1645 - 164. K��k Hasan Pasha
bf.1647 Cafer Pasha
1648 - 1649 Tekeli Mustafa Pasha
1649? - 1650 Zurnazen Mustafa Pasha
1650 - Dec 1650 Biyikli Mustafa Pasha
1651 - 1652 Tekeli Mustafa Pasha
Apr 1652 - 1652 Vesir Siyavush Pasha
1652 - Oct 1653 Melek Ahmed Pasha
c.165. Musli Pasha
May 1656 - Dec 1656 Gurdji Kenaan Pasha
Dec 1656 - end 1657 Fazli Pasha
c.1658 Hisim Mehmed Agha
3 Dec 1658 - 15 Mar 1659 Vesir Deli H�seyin
1659 - c.1660 Hissim Mehmed Pasha
c.1660/61 Beyko Ali Pasha (1st time)
c.1662 Biyikli Mehmed Pasha
c.1663 Beyko Ali Pasha (2nd time)
1663/4 - 166. Firari Kara Mustafa Pasha
Sep 1664 - 166. Kara Mehmed Pasha
c.1663/4 - 166. K��k Mehmed Pasha
1665 - 1667 Pehlivan Mehmed Pasha
1667/8 Hasan Pasha
1667/8 - Aug 1668 Karakash Ali Pasha
Aug 1668 - 166. Damad H�seyin Pasha
May 1669 - June 1669 Ko�a Halil Pasha
1671/2 - 167. Seyidizade Mehmet Pasha
(1st time)
1675 - c.1678 Nishli Doganci Ali
c.1678 Ayasli Nishanci Ismail Pasha
1678 - 16.. Seyidizade Mehmed Pasha
(2nd time)
1681 - 1682? K��k Hasan Pasha
1682 - 1683? Sheyhoglu Ali Pasha
1683 - 1684 Hodjazade Hasan Pasha
1684 Kadik�yl� Mehmed
1685 Celebi Ismail Pasha
1685 G�mr�k�� H�seyin Pasha
168. - 1688 Zain al Abidin Pasha
1688 Osmanpashaade Ahmed Pasha
1688 Yegen Osman Pasha (d. 1689)
1688 �k�zold�run Ahmed Pasha
1688 Kemankesh Ahmed Pasha
1689 Deli Veli Pasha
1689 Zurnapa Mustafa Pasha
1689 Kandilci H�seyin Pasha
1690 Arnavut Mustafa Pasha
1691 Arnavut K��k Cafer Pasha (d. 1697)
(1st time)
1692 Arnavut Mahmud Pasha
1696 Arnavut K��k Cafer Pasha (s.a.)
(2nd time)
1697 Arnavut Abdi Pasha
1700/01 Kandilci H�seyin Pasha
1701 Mohammed Pasha el Vani (d. 1711)
1702 - Nov 1704? Hazinedar Ibrahim Pasha
1704 Eyup Pasha
1704/5 - 1706? Izmirli Ali Pasha
May 1706 - Jun 1706 Dellak Ali Pasha
1706 - 1708? Silihdar Ibrahim Pasha
bf.1710 Sari Mustafa Pasha
1708 - 1709 Hasan Pasha
1709 - 1710 Abdurrahman Pasha
Jun 1710 - Nov 1710 Kara Mehmed Pasha
1710 - 1711 Mustafa Pasha
1711 - 1713 Hasan Pasha
1713 Hurshid Ahmed Pasha
1713 - 1716 Abdullah Pasha
1716 Osman Pasha
1716 - 1718 Ali Pasha
Feb 1718 - 1721 Muhsinz�de Abdullah Pasha
(1st time)
1721 - 1722 Topal Osman Pasha (1st time) (b. 1663 - d. 1733)
1722 - 1724 Ali Pasha
1724 - 1727 Ahmed Pasha
1727 Topal Osman Pasha (2nd time) (s.a.)
Sep 1727 - 1729 Muhsinz�de Abdullah Pasha
(2nd time)
1729 - 1730 Mehmed Reshid Pasha
1730 - 1731 Abdullah Pasha
1731 Topal Osman Pasha (3rd time) (s.a.)
1731 H�seyin Pasha
1731 - 1734 Mehmed Pasha
1734 - 1736 Ahmed Pasha (1st time)
Apr 1736 - Aug 1737 Muhsinz�de Abdullah Pasha
(3rd time)
1727 - 1738 Ahmed Pasha (2nd time)
1738 Ebubekir Pasha
1738 - 1739 Ahmed Pasha
1739 - 1743 Ali Pasha
1743 - 1744 Pir Mustafa Pasha
1744 Derya Ahmed Pasha
1744 - 1745 Mehmed Pasha
1745 Mustafa Pasha
Mar 1745 - Aug 1746 Muhsinz�de Abdullah Pasha
(4th time)
Aug/Sep 1746 - 1750 Yahya Pasha
1750 - 1751 Ahmed Pasha
1751 - 1755 Ali Pasha
1755? - Oct 1756 Muhsinz�de Mehmed Pasha
1755 - 1758 R�tib Ahmed Pasha
1758 - 1762 Ahiskali Mehmed Pasha
1759 - May 1761 Celebi Mehmed Pasha
1762 Hamza Pasha (b. 1727 - d. 1768)
1762 - Apr 1763? Muhsinz�de Mehmed Pasha (1st time)
1763? - Nov 1763 Ali Pasha
Nov 1763 - 1765 Muhsinzade Mehmed Pasha (2nd time)
1756 - 1766 K�pr�l� zade Hacı Ahmed Pasha
1766 Mustafa Pasha
Mar 1766 - 1767 Nishi Mehmed Pasha
1767 - 1768 Yakovalı Ali Pasha
1768 - 1769 Silahdar Mehmed Pasha
1769 �arhaci Abdullah Pasha
1769 - 177. Numan Pasha
1771 Muhsinz�de Mehmed Pasha
May 1773 - Aug 1773 Numan Pasha
Aug/Sep 1773 - 1775 M�derris Osman Pasha
1775 Gazi Osman Pasha
1775 - 1777 Dagistanli Ali Pasha
1777 Abdullah Pasha
1777 - 1780 Mehmed Pasha
1780 - 1781 Seyid Mustafa Pasha
1781 - May 1782 Aydosi Mehmed Pasha
May 1782 - Aug 1782 Seyid Yegen Mehmed Pasha
Sep 1782 - Dec 1783 Agribozli Ibrahimpashazade
Mehmed Pasha
1784 - 1786 Abdullah Pasha
1786 - Dec 1787 Aydoslu Mehmed Pasha
1787 Ebubekir Pasha
1787 - 1788 Seyid Mehmed Pasha
1788 Abdi Pasha
1788 - 1789 S�leyman Fevzi Pasha
1789 Abdullah Pasha
1789 - 1790 Seyid Ahmed Pasha
1790 Zaim zade Mustafa Pasha
1790 - 1791 Mahmud Pasha
1791 - 1793 Aydoslu Mehmed Pasha
1793 - 1794 Ebubekir Pasha
1794 Seyyid Mustafa Pasha
1794 - 1795 Ibrahim Pasha
1795 - Jan? 1796 Seyid Mustafa Pasha
1796 Hakki Mehmed Pasha
1796 - 1797 Haci Abdullah Pasha
1797 - 1798 Mehmed Hakki Pasha (1st time) (d. 1796)
1798 - 1799 Haci Mustafa Pasha (b. 1733 - d. 1801)
1799 - 1801 Ali Pasha (b. 1741 - d. 1822)
1801 - 1802 Mehmed Hakki Pasha (2nd time) (s.a.)
1802 Celebi �mer Pasha
1802 - 1803 Tepedelenli Ali Pasha (b. 1740 - d. 1822)
1803 Mehmed Pasha of Van
1803 - 1806 Ibrahim Pasha
1806 - 1807 Osman Pasha
1807 - 1813 Hurshid Ahmed Pasha (d. 1822)
1813 - 1814 Marashli Ali Pasha (1st time) (d. 1821)
1814 - 1815 Behram Pasha
1815 - 1818 Marashli Ali Pasha (2nd time) (s.a.)
1818 - 1820 Selim Sırrı Pasha
1821 - 1821 H�seyin Pasha
1821 - 1823 Seyid Hurshid Ahmed Pasha
1823 Celal Pasha
May 1823 - Aug 1823 Seyid Mehmed Pasha
1823 Mahmud Hamdi Pasha
1823 - 1824 Dervish Mustafa Pasha
1824 - 1828 Mehmed Reshid Pasha
1828 - 1830 Mehmed Selim Pasha (b. 1771 - d. 1831)
1830 - 183. Hurshid Pasha
1832 - 1833 Mehmed Reshid Pasha
1833 - 1834 H�seyin Pasha
1834 - 1836 Mahmud Hamdi Pasha
1836 - 1839 K�se Ahmed Zekeriya Pasha
1839 Abd�llah Pasha
1839 Mehmed Hakkı Pasha
1839 - 1840 Ebubekir Pasha
May 1840 - Jul 1840 Dilaver Mehmet Pasha
Jul 1840 - Feb 1842 Yusuf Muhlis Pasha (b. 1784 - d. 1843)
Feb 1842 - Feb 1843 Yakup Pasha
Feb 1843 - Jul 1843 Mustafa Nuri Pasha
Aug 1843 - Jan 1844 Mirza Tatar Mehmet Said Pasha (d. 1871)
Sep 1844 - Oct 1845 Mehmed Ziyaeddin Pasha (1st time) (d. 1870)
Dec 1845 - Jan 1847 �mer Pasha (1st time) (b. 1806 - d. 1871)
Jan 1847 - Oct 1848 Mehmed Ziyaeddin Pasha (2nd time) (s.a.)
Oct 1848 - Aug 1854 Asaf Pasha
Aug 1854 - Sep 1855 Mehmet Reshid Pasha (b. 1812 - d. 1877)
Sep 1855 - Sep 1856 �mer Pasha (2nd time) (s.a.)
Sep 1856 - May 1857 Arnavut Mehmed Hurshid Pasha
May 1857 - Oct 1857 Ahmet Nazir Pasha (d. 1861)
Oct 1857 - Dec 1859 Abd�lkerim Nadir Pasha (1st time) (b. 1807 - d. 1883)
Jan 1860 - Feb 1861 Ismail Pasha (b. 1805 - d. 1861)
Jun 1861 - Feb 1864 Abd�lkerim Nadir Pasha (2nd time) (s.a.)
Feb 1864 - Aug 1864 Ha�i Ali Pasha
Aug 1864 - Jan 1865 Avni H�sn� H�seyin Pasha
Sep 1866 - Jun 1867 Mehmet Tevfik Pasha (b. 1815 - d. 1902)
1867 merged into Salonika Eyalet Russian Commander-in-chief
16 Jan 1878 - 21 Oct 1878 Iosif Vladimirovich Gurko (Gurke) (b. 1828 - d. 1901) Mil
Russian Governor-general
21 Oct 1878 - 30 May 1879 Arkadiy Dmitriyevich Stolypin (b. 1822 - d. 1899) Mil
Ottoman Governors-general
18 May 1879 - 26 Apr 1884 Aleksandăr Stefanov Bogoridi (b. 1823 - d. 1910)
"Aleko Pasha"
(Al�xandros Stef�nou Vogor�dis)
26 Apr 1884 - 18 Sep 1885 Gavriil Baev Krăstyovich (b. 1817 - d. 1898)
(Gavrilo Krăstevich) "Jibril Pasha"
(acting to May 1884)
Chairman of the Provisional Government
18 Sep 1885 - 22 Sep 1885 Georgi Ivanov Stranski (b. 1847 - d. 1904) LP
Princely Commissioner in South Bulgaria
22 Sep 1885 - 25 Apr 1886 Georgi Ivanov Stranski (s.a.) LP
Governors-general
25 Apr 1886 - 5 Oct 1908 the Princes of Bulgaria (s.a.)

Chief Secretaries of the Governors-general
1 Jun 1879 - 26 Apr 1884 Gavriil Baev Krăstyovich (s.a.) Non-party
26 Apr 1884 - 18 Sep 1885 Nikola "Nacho" Anastasov Nachov (b. 1853 - d. 1916) Non-party

**Party abbreviations: LP = Liberalna Partiya (Liberal Party, conservative, 1883-1920, merged into NLP); Mil = Military

� Ben Cahoon