German states after 1945 (original) (raw)

Rulers: Germany

Party abbreviations: BCSV=Badenian Christian Social People's Party, BVP=Bavarian People's Party, CDU=Christian Democratic Union, CSU=Christian Social Union, CVP=Christian People's Party, DP (Baden)=Democratic Party, DP (Niedersachsen)=German Party, FDP[/DVP]=Free Democratic Party[/Democratic People's Party], Grn=Alliance 90/The Greens, LDP=Liberal Democratic Party, Lft=The Left, n/p=no party, PDS=Party of Democratic Socialism, SED=Socialist Unity Party of Germany, SP=Socialist Party, SPD=Social Democratic Party of Germany, Z=Centre Party

Baden-W�rttemberg

25 Apr 1952 "Southwest State" constituted by the merger of Baden, W�rttemberg-Baden, and W�rttemberg-Hohenzollern 15 May 1952 name Baden-W�rttemberg adopted

Minister-presidents 25 Apr 1952 - 30 Sep 1953 Reinhold Maier FDP/DVP (b. 1889 - d. 1971) 30 Sep 1953 - 17 Dec 1958 Gebhard M�ller CDU (b. 1900 - d. 1990) 17 Dec 1958 - 1 Dec 1966 Kurt Georg Kiesinger CDU (b. 1904 - d. 1988) 1 Dec 1966 - 30 Aug 1978 Hans Filbinger CDU (b. 1913 - d. 2007) (acting to 16 Dec 1966) 30 Aug 1978 - 22 Jan 1991 Lothar Sp�th CDU (b. 1937 - d. 2016) 22 Jan 1991 - 21 Apr 2005 Erwin Teufel CDU (b. 1939) 21 Apr 2005 - 10 Feb 2010 G�nther Oettinger CDU (b. 1953) 10 Feb 2010 - 12 May 2011 Stefan Mappus CDU (b. 1966) 12 May 2011 - Winfried Kretschmann Grn (b. 1948)

Baden

13 Jul 1945 Baden divided; northern part merged into W�rttemberg-Baden, southern part becomes state of S�dbaden 2 Dec 1946 S�dbaden renamed Baden 7 Sep 1949 part of the Federal Republic of Germany

State president 2 Jun 1945 - 30 Nov 1946 State Administration - Paul Hausser DP (b. 1880 - d. 1966) - Karl Ott n/p (b. 1873 - d. 1952) - Alfred Bund BCSV (b. 1882 - d. 1975) - Friedrich Leibbrandt SP (b. 1894 - d. 1960) (from 1 Jan 1946) - Carl Diez BCSV (b. 1877 - d. 1969) (from 20 Feb 1946) - Philipp Martzloff SP (b. 1880 - d. 1962) (from 20 Feb 1946) - Paul Z�rcher BCSV (b. 1893 - d. 1980) (from 1 Apr 1946) (president in rotation) 2 Dec 1946 - 25 Apr 1952 Leo Wohleb BCSV; Nov 1947: CDU (b. 1888 - d. 1955) (president of the state secretariat to 24 Jul 1947)

W�rttemberg-Baden

13 Jul 1945 states of Baden and W�rttemberg divided; northern parts merged into one state (W�rttemberg) 29 Oct 1945 renamed Nordw�rttemberg-Nordbaden 20 Dec 1945 renamed W�rttemberg-Baden 7 Sep 1949 part of the Federal Republic of Germany

Minister-president 19 Sep 1945 - 25 Apr 1952 Reinhold Maier FDP/DVP (s.a.)

W�rttemberg-Hohenzollern

13 Jul 1945 W�rttemberg divided; southern part merged with Prussian district of Hohenzollern into S�dw�rttemberg-Hohenzollern 22 Jul 1947 renamed W�rttemberg-Hohenzollern 7 Sep 1949 part of the Federal Republic of Germany

State presidents 16 Oct 1945 - 22 Jul 1947 Carlo Schmid (1st time) SPD (b. 1896 - d. 1979) (chairman Directorate of the State Secretariat to 4 Dec 1946) 22 Jul 1947 - 4 Aug 1948 Lorenz Bock CDU (b. 1883 - d. 1948) 4 Aug 1948 - 13 Aug 1948 Carlo Schmid (2nd time) SPD (s.a.) (acting) 13 Aug 1948 - 25 Apr 1952 Gebhard M�ller CDU (s.a.)

Bayern

8 Dec 1946 State of Bayern renamed Free State of Bayern 7 Sep 1949 part of the Federal Republic of Germany

Minister-presidents 28 May 1945 - 28 Sep 1945 Fritz Sch�ffer BVP (b. 1888 - d. 1967) 28 Sep 1945 - 21 Dec 1946 Wilhelm Hoegner (1st time) SPD (b. 1887 - d. 1980) 21 Dec 1946 - 14 Dec 1954 Hans Ehard (1st time) CSU (b. 1887 - d. 1980) 14 Dec 1954 - 16 Oct 1957 Wilhelm Hoegner (2nd time) SPD (s.a.) 16 Oct 1957 - 26 Jan 1960 Hanns Seidel CSU (b. 1901 - d. 1961) 26 Jan 1960 - 11 Dec 1962 Hans Ehard (2nd time) CSU (s.a.) 11 Dec 1962 - 6 Nov 1978 Alfons Goppel CSU (b. 1905 - d. 1991) 6 Nov 1978 - 3 Oct 1988 Franz Josef Strauss CSU (b. 1915 - d. 1988) 3 Oct 1988 - 28 May 1993 Max Streibl CSU (b. 1932 - d. 1998) (acting to 19 Oct 1988) 28 May 1993 - 9 Oct 2007 Edmund Stoiber CSU (b. 1941) 9 Oct 2007 - 27 Oct 2008 G�nther Beckstein CSU (b. 1943) 27 Oct 2008 - 13 Mar 2018 Horst Seehofer CSU (b. 1949) 14 Mar 2018 - 16 Mar 2018 Barbara Stamm (f) CSU (b. 1944 - d. 2022) + Ilse Aigner (f) CSU (b. 1964) (acting) 16 Mar 2018 - Markus S�der CSU (b. 1967)

Berlin

30 Nov 1948 separate administrations for East and West Berlin 3 Oct 1990 East and West Berlin united as a state of the Federal Republic

(West) Berlin

18 Jan 1951 name changed from Gross-Berlin to Berlin

Lord mayors 17 May 1945 - 8 Jan 1947 Arthur Werner 8 Jan 1947 - 17 Apr 1947 Otto Ostrowski 17 Apr 1947 - 8 May 1947 Ferdinand Friedensburg (acting) 8 May 1947 - 7 Dec 1948 Louise 7 Dec 1948 - 18 Jan 1951 Governing mayors 18 Jan 1951 - 29 Sep 1953 Ernst Reuter SPD (b. 1889 - d. 1953) rel="noopener noreferrer">Ernst Reuter SPD (s.a.) CDU (b. 1884 - d. 1958) to 22 Oct 1953) SPD (b. 1894 - d. 1957) CDU (b. 1912 - d. 1981) rel="noopener noreferrer">Willy Brandt SPD (b. 1913 - d. 1992) SPD (b. 1915 - d. 1993) to 14 Dec 1966) SPD (b. 1926 - d. 2012) SPD (b. 1938 - d. 2011) rel="noopener noreferrer">Hans-Jochen Vogel SPD (b. 1926 - d. 2020) rel="noopener noreferrer">Richard von Weizs�cker CDU (b. 1920 - d. 2015) CDU (b. 1941) SPD (b. 1945) CDU (s.a.) SPD (b. 1953) SPD (b. 1964) SPD (b. 1978) CDU (b. 1972)

East Berlin

7 Oct 1949 becomes de facto capital and state of the German Democratic Republic, though not formally incorporated into it 1952 becomes a district with special status 7 Sep 1961 officially declared a district; the Western Allies and the Federal Republic do not recognize East Berlin as part of the German Democratic Republic 1977 name changed from Gross-Berlin to Berlin

First secretaries of the Socialist Unity Party 21 Apr 1946 - 1948 Hermann Matern (b. 1893 - d. 1971) 1948 - 1953 Hans Jendretzky (b. 1897 - d. 1992) 1953 - 1957 Alfred Neumann (b. 1909 - d. 2001) 1957 - 1959 Hans Kiefert (b. 1905 - d. 1966) 1959 - May 1971 Paul Verner (b. 1911 - d. 1986) May 1971 - Nov 1985 Konrad Naumann (b. 1928 - d. 1992) Nov 1985 - Nov 1989 G�nter Schabowski (b. 1929 - d. 2015) Nov 1989 - 1989 Heinz Albrecht (b. 1935)

Lord mayors 30 Nov 1948 - 5 Jul 1967 Friedrich Ebert SED (b. 1894 - d. 1979) (provisional to 17 Oct 1954) 5 Jul 1967 - 11 Feb 1974 Herbert Fechner SED (b. 1913 - d. 1998) 11 Feb 1974 - 15 Feb 1990 Erhard Krack SED; 15 Dec 1989: SED-PDS; 4 Feb 1990: PDS (b. 1931 - d. 2000) Jan 1979 - 1980 Hannelore Mensch (f) SED (b. 1937) (acting for Krack) 15 Feb 1990 - 23 Feb 1990 Ingrid Pankraz (f) (acting) PDS (b. 1948) 23 Feb 1990 - 30 May 1990 Christian Hartenhauer PDS (b. 1948) 30 May 1990 - 11 Jan 1991 Tino Schwierzina SPD (b. 1927 - d. 2003) 11 Jan 1991 - 24 Jan 1991 Thomas Kr�ger (acting) SPD (b. 1959)

Allied occupation

City commandants - British sector - 5 Jul 1945 - 30 Aug 1945 Lewis O. Lyne (b. 1899 - d. 1970) 30 Aug 1945 - 13 Jun 1947 Eric P. Nares (b. 1892 - d. 1947) 13 Jun 1947 - 23 Jan 1949 Edwin Otway Herbert (b. 1901 - d. 1984) 23 Jan 1949 - 24 Oct 1951 Geoffrey K. Bourne (b. 1902 - d. 1982) 24 Oct 1951 - 13 Mar 1954 Charles Coleman (b. 1903 - d. 1974) 13 Mar 1954 - 30 Apr 1955 William Pasfield Oliver (b. 1901 - d. 1981) 1 May 1955 - 6 Feb 1956 Robert Charles Cottrell-Hill (b. 1903 - d. 1965) 26 Mar 1956 - 20 Mar 1959 Francis David Rome (b. 1905 - d. 1985) 23 Mar 1959 - 3 May 1962 Rohan Delacombe (from 10 Jun 1961, Sir Rohan Delacombe) (b. 1906 - d. 1991) May 1962 - Dec 1962 Claude Ian Hurley Dunbar (b. 1909 - d. 1971) Dec 1962 - Jan 1966 David Peel-Yates (b. 1911 - d. 1978) Feb 1966 - Feb 1968 Sir John Nelson (b. 1912 - d. 1993) Mar 1968 - Nov 1970 James Bowes-Lyon (b. 1917 - d. 1977) Nov 1970 - Jul 1973 Alan Cathcart, Earl Cathcart (b. 1919 - d. 1999) Aug 1973 - Nov 1975 David Scott-Barrett (b. 1922 - d. 2004) Nov 1975 - Jan 1978 Roy M.F. Redgrave (b. 1925 - d. 2011) Jan 1978 - Sep 1980 Robert F. Richardson (b. 1929 - d. 2014) Sep 1980 - Oct 1983 David Frederick Mostyn (b. 1928 - d. 2007) Oct 1983 - Dec 1985 B.C. Gordon Lennox (b. 1932 - d. 2017) Dec 1985 - Jan 1989 Patrick G. Brooking (b. 1937 - d. 2014) 1989 - 2 Oct 1990 Robert J.S. Corbett (b. 1940)

- French sector - 11 Jul 1945 - 12 Mar 1946 Geoffroi du Bois de Beauchesne (b. 1883 - d. 1957) 12 Mar 1946 - 4 Oct 1946 Charles Lan�on (b. 1890 - d. 1956) 4 Oct 1946 - 1 Oct 1950 Jean Ganeval (b. 1894 - d. 1981) 1 Oct 1950 - 31 Dec 1952 Pierre Carolet (b. 1898 - d. 1981) 1 Jan 1953 - 31 Dec 1954 Pierre Manceaux-Demiau (b. 1898 - d. 1979) 1 Jan 1955 - 30 Sep 1958 Am�d�e J.B. G�ze (b. 1898 - d. 1988) 1 Oct 1958 - 25 Feb 1962 Jean Lacomme 26 Feb 1962 - 30 Sep 1964 �douard K. Toulouse 1 Oct 1964 - 11 Oct 1967 Fran�ois Binoche (b. 1911 - d. 1997) 11 Oct 1967 - 1970 Bertrand Huchet de Qu�netain (b. 1911 - d. 1983) 1970 - 1973 Maurice Routier 1973 - 1975 Camille Metzler (b. 1915 - d. 2006) 1975 - 1977 Jacques Mangin 1977 - 1980 Bernard d'Astorg (b. 1921 - d. 2014) 1980 - 1984 Jean-Pierre Liron (b. 1924 - d. 2007) 1984 - 1985 Olivier Le Taillandier de Gabory (b. 1926 - d. 1995) 1985 - 1987 Paul Cavarrot (b. 1927 - d. 2012) 1987 - 2 Oct 1990 Fran�ois Cann (b. 1932)

- U.S. sector - 4 Jul 1945 - 2 Sep 1945 Floyd L. Parks (b. 1896 - d. 1959) 3 Sep 1945 - 10 Oct 1945 James M. Gavin (b. 1907 - d. 1990) 11 Oct 1945 - 1 May 1946 Ray W. Barker (b. 1889 - d. 1974) 1 May 1946 - 13 May 1947 Frank A. Keating (b. 1895 - d. 1973) 14 May 1947 - 23 Sep 1947 Cornelius E. Ryan (b. 1896 - d. 1972) 24 Sep 1947 - 30 Nov 1947 William Hesketh (b. 1895 - d. 1986) 1 Dec 1947 - 31 Aug 1949 Frank Leo Howley (b. 1903 - d. 1993) 31 Aug 1949 - 31 Jan 1951 Maxwell D. Taylor (b. 1901 - d. 1987) 1 Feb 1951 - 2 Jan 1953 Lemuel Mathewson (b. 1899 - d. 1970) 3 Jan 1953 - 4 Aug 1954 Thomas S. Timberman (b. 1900 - d. 1989) 5 Aug 1954 - 9 Sep 1955 George B. Honnen (b. 1897 - d. 1974) 10 Sep 1955 - 3 Jun 1957 Charles L. Dasher (b. 1900 - d. 1968) 4 Jun 1957 - 15 Dec 1959 Barksdale Hamlett (b. 1908 - d. 1979) 20 Dec 1959 - 3 May 1961 Ralph M. Osborne 4 May 1961 - 2 Jan 1963 Albert Watson II (b. 1909 - d. 1993) 2 Jan 1963 - 31 Aug 1964 James H. Polk (b. 1911 - d. 1972) 1 Sep 1964 - 3 Jun 1967 John F. Franklin, Jr. 3 Jun 1967 - 28 Feb 1970 Robert G. Fergusson (b. 1911 - d. 2001) 28 Feb 1970 - 12 May 1971 George M. Seignious II (b. 1921 - d. 2005) 12 May 1971 - 10 Jun 1974 William W. Cobb 10 Jun 1974 - 11 Aug 1975 Sam S. Walker (b. 1925 - d. 2015) 11 Aug 1975 - 7 Jun 1978 Joseph C. McDonough (b. 1924 - d. 2005) 7 Jun 1978 - 5 Jul 1981 Calvert P. Benedict (b. 1924 - d. 2011) 5 Jul 1981 - 27 Jun 1984 James G. Boatner (b. 1930 - d. 2017) 27 Jun 1984 - 1 Jun 1988 John H. Mitchell (b. 1933 - d. 2013) 1 Jun 1988 - 2 Oct 1990 Raymond E. Haddock (b. 1936)

- Soviet sector - 2 May 1945 - 16 Jun 1945 Nikolay Berzarin (b. 1904 - d. 1945) 17 Jun 1945 - 19 Nov 1945 Aleksandr Gorbetov (b. 1891 - d. 1973) 19 Nov 1945 - 1 Apr 1946 Dmitry Smirnov (b. 1901 - d. 1975) 1 Apr 1946 - 7 Jun 1950 Aleksandr Kotikov (b. 1902 - d. 1981) 7 Jun 1950 - 28 May 1953 Sergey Dengin (b. 1900 - d. 1989) (Berlin representative of the Soviet Control Commission) 28 May 1953 - 23 Jun 1956 Pyotr Dibrova (b. 1901 - d. 1971) 28 Jun 1956 - 26 Feb 1958 Andrey Chamov 26 Feb 1958 - 9 May 1961 Matvey Zakharov (b. 1898 - d. 1972) 9 May 1961 - 22 Aug 1962 Andrey Soloviev 22 Aug 1962 - 31 May 1971 Helmut Poppe (b. 1926 - d. 1979) 1 Jun 1971 - 31 Aug 1978 Artur Kunath (b. 1914 - d. 1995) 1 Sep 1978 - 31 Dec 1989 Karl-Heinz Drews (b. 1929) 1 Jan 1990 - 30 Sep 1990 Wolfgang Dombrowski (b. 1933) 30 Sep 1990 - 2 Oct 1990 Detlef Wendorf

Brandenburg

21 Jul 1947 former Prussian province of Brandenburg becomes state 7 Oct 1949 part of the German Democratic Republic 25 Jul 1952 state dissolved into districts (Cottbus, Frankfurt, Potsdam) 3 Oct 1990 reconstituted as state of the Federal Republic of Germany

First secretary of the Socialist Unity Party 21 Apr 1946 - 25 Jul 1952 Willy S�gebrecht (b. 1904 - d. 1981)

Minister-presidents 4 Jul 1945 - 5 Dec 1949 Karl Steinhoff SPD; 22 Apr 1946: SED (b. 1892 - d. 1981) (president of the provincial administration to 20 Dec 1946) 5 Dec 1949 - 25 Jul 1952 Rudi Jahn SED (b. 1906 - d. 1990) 3 Oct 1990 - 1 Nov 1990 Jochen Wolf SPD (b. 1941) (Landesbevollm�chtigter) 1 Nov 1990 - 26 Jun 2002 Manfred Stolpe SPD (b. 1936 - d. 2019) 26 Jun 2002 - 28 Aug 2013 Matthias Platzeck SPD (b. 1953) 28 Aug 2013 - Dietmar Woidke SPD (b. 1961)

Bremen

7 Sep 1949 part of the Federal Republic of Germany

Governing mayor 4 May 1945 - 1 Aug 1945 Erich Vagts n/p (b. 1896 - d. 1980) Mayors and presidents of the Senate 1 Aug 1945 - 20 Jul 1965 Wilhelm Kaisen SPD (b. 1887 - d. 1979) 20 Jul 1965 - 28 Nov 1967 Willy Dehnkamp SPD (b. 1903 - d. 1985) 28 Nov 1967 - 18 Sep 1985 Hans Koschnick SPD (b. 1929 - d. 2016) 18 Sep 1985 - 4 Jul 1995 Klaus Wedemeier SPD (b. 1944) 4 Jul 1995 - 8 Nov 2005 Henning Scherf SPD (b. 1938) 8 Nov 2005 - 15 Jul 2015 Jens B�hrnsen SPD (b. 1949) 15 Jul 2015 - 15 Aug 2019 Carsten Sieling SPD (b. 1959) 15 Aug 2019 - Andreas Bovenschulte SPD (b. 1965)

Hamburg

7 Sep 1949 Hanseatic City of Hamburg state of the Federal Republic of Germany 1 Jul 1952 Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg

First mayors 15 May 1945 - 22 Nov 1946 Rudolf Petersen Jun 1946: CDU (b. 1878 - d. 1962) 22 Nov 1946 - 2 Dec 1953 Max Brauer (1st time) SPD (b. 1887 - d. 1973) 2 Dec 1953 - 4 Dec 1957 Kurt Sieveking CDU (b. 1897 - d. 1986) 4 Dec 1957 - 1 Jan 1961 Max Brauer (2nd time) SPD (s.a.) 1 Jan 1961 - 9 Jun 1965 Paul Nevermann SPD (b. 1902 - d. 1979) 9 Jun 1965 - 16 Jun 1971 Herbert Weichmann SPD (b. 1896 - d. 1983) 16 Jun 1971 - 12 Nov 1974 Peter Schulz SPD (b. 1930 - d. 2013) 12 Nov 1974 - 24 Jun 1981 Hans-Ulrich Klose SPD (b. 1937 - d. 2023) 24 Jun 1981 - 8 Jun 1988 Klaus von Dohnanyi SPD (b. 1928) 8 Jun 1988 - 12 Nov 1997 Henning Voscherau SPD (b. 1941 - d. 2016) 12 Nov 1997 - 31 Oct 2001 Ortwin Runde SPD (b. 1944) 31 Oct 2001 - 25 Aug 2010 Ole von Beust CDU (b. 1955) 25 Aug 2010 - 7 Mar 2011 Christoph Ahlhaus CDU (b. 1969) 7 Mar 2011 - 13 Mar 2018 Olaf Scholz SPD (b. 1958) 14 Mar 2018 - 28 Mar 2018 Katharina Fegebank (f) Grn (b. 1977) (acting) 28 Mar 2018 - Peter Tschentscher SPD (b. 1966)

Hessen

19 Sep 1945 Prussian provinces of Kurhessen and Nassau merged with part of Hessen to form state of Gross-Hessen 18 Dec 1946 renamed Hessen 7 Sep 1949 part of the Federal Republic of Germany

President of the government 8 Aug 1945 - 16 Oct 1945 Ludwig Bergstr�sser SPD (b. 1883 - d. 1960) Minister-presidents 16 Oct 1945 - 5 Jan 1947 Karl Geiler n/p (b. 1878 - d. 1953) 5 Jan 1947 - 10 Jan 1951 Christian Stock SPD (b. 1884 - d. 1967) 10 Jan 1951 - 3 Oct 1969 Georg August Zinn SPD (b. 1901 - d. 1976) 3 Oct 1969 - 20 Oct 1976 Albert Osswald SPD (b. 1919 - d. 1996) 20 Oct 1976 - 23 Apr 1987 Holger B�rner SPD (b. 1931 - d. 2006) 23 Apr 1987 - 5 Apr 1991 Walter Wallmann CDU (b. 1932 - d. 2013) 5 Apr 1991 - 7 Apr 1999 Hans Eichel SPD (b. 1941) 7 Apr 1999 - 31 Aug 2010 Roland Koch CDU (b. 1958) 31 Aug 2010 - 31 May 2022 Volker Bouffier CDU (b. 1951) 31 May 2022 - Boris Rhein CDU (b. 1972)

Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

31 Jul 1945 Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 1 Mar 1947 Mecklenburg 7 Oct 1949 part of the German Democratic Republic 25 Jul 1952 state dissolved into districts (Neubrandenburg, Rostock, Schwerin) 3 Oct 1990 reconstituted as Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, state of the Federal Republic of Germany

First secretaries of the Socialist Unity Party 21 Apr 1946 - 28 Jul 1951 Kurt B�rger (b. 1894 - d. 1951) 1951 - 1952 Karl Mewis (b. 1907 - d. 1987)

Leaders of the state administration May 1945 Hanns Jess (1st time) CDU (b. 1887 - d. 1975) May 1945 - 18 Jun 1945 Eduard Friedrich Stratmann LDP (b. 1875 - d. 1952) 18 Jun 1945 - Jun 1945 Hanns Jess (2nd time) CDU (s.a.) Jun 1945 - 9 Jul 1945 Reinhold Lobedanz CDU (b. 1880 - d. 1955) President of the state administration 9 Jul 1945 - 31 Jul 1945 Wilhelm H�cker SPD (b. 1886 - d. 1955) President 31 Jul 1945 - 9 Dec 1946 Wilhelm H�cker SPD; 22 Apr 1946: SED (s.a.) Minister-presidents 9 Dec 1946 - 20 Jul 1951 Wilhelm H�cker SED (s.a.) 20 Jul 1951 - 28 Jul 1951 Kurt B�rger SED (s.a.) 30 Jul 1951 - 25 Jul 1952 Bernhard Quandt SED (b. 1903 - d. 1999) 3 Oct 1990 - 27 Oct 1990 Martin Brick CDU (b. 1939) (Landesbevollm�chtigter) 27 Oct 1990 - 19 Mar 1992 Alfred Gomolka CDU (b. 1942 - d. 2020) 19 Mar 1992 - 3 Nov 1998 Berndt Seite CDU (b. 1940) 3 Nov 1998 - 6 Oct 2008 Harald Ringstorff SPD (b. 1939) 6 Oct 2008 - 4 Jul 2017 Erwin Sellering SPD (b. 1949) 4 Jul 2017 - Manuela Schwesig (f) SPD (b. 1974)

Niedersachsen

9 Dec 1946 constituted by the merger of Braunschweig, Oldenburg, and Hannover 7 Sep 1949 part of the Federal Republic of Germany

Minister-presidents 9 Dec 1946 - 26 May 1955 Hinrich Wilhelm Kopf (1st time) SPD (b. 1893 - d. 1961) 26 May 1955 - 12 May 1959 Heinrich Hellwege DP (b. 1908 - d. 1991) 12 May 1959 - 21 Dec 1961 Hinrich Wilhelm Kopf (2nd time) SPD (s.a.) 29 Dec 1961 - 8 Jul 1970 Georg Diederichs SPD (b. 1900 - d. 1983) 8 Jul 1970 - 6 Feb 1976 Alfred Kubel SPD (b. 1909 - d. 1999) 6 Feb 1976 - 21 Jun 1990 Ernst Albrecht CDU (b. 1930 - d. 2014) 21 Jun 1990 - 28 Oct 1998 Gerhard Schr�der SPD (b. 1944) 28 Oct 1998 - 15 Dec 1999 Gerhard Glogowski SPD (b. 1943) 15 Dec 1999 - 4 Mar 2003 Sigmar Gabriel SPD (b. 1959) 4 Mar 2003 - 30 Jun 2010 Christian Wulff CDU (b. 1959) 30 Jun 2010 - 1 Jul 2010 J�rg Bode (acting) FDP (b. 1970) 1 Jul 2010 - 19 Feb 2013 David McAllister CDU (b. 1971) 19 Feb 2013 - Stephan Weil SPD (b. 1958)

Braunschweig

Minister-presidents May 1945 - Jan 1946 Hubert Schlebusch SPD (b. 1893 - d. 1955) Jan 1946 - 9 Dec 1946 Alfred Kubel SPD (s.a.)

Hannover

_c._Jun 1946 incorporation of Schaumburg-Lippe 23 Aug 1946 state

Oberpr�sident 12 Jul 1945 - 21 Aug 1946 Eberhard Hagemann (b. 1880 - d. 1958) Minister-president 23 Aug 1946 - 9 Dec 1946 Hinrich Wilhelm Kopf SPD (s.a.)

Schaumburg-Lippe

Minister 1945 - 30 Apr 1946 Heinrich Drake (b. 1881 - d. 1970)

Oldenburg

Minister-president 1945 - 9 Dec 1946 Theodor Tantzen FDP (b. 1877 - d. 1947)

Nordrhein-Westfalen

23 Aug 1946 provinces of Nordrhein and Westfalen merged to form state of Nordrhein-Westfalen 7 Sep 1949 part of the Federal Republic of Germany

Minister-presidents 23 Aug 1946 - 16 Jun 1947 Rudolf Amelunxen 1947: Z (b. 1888 - d. 1969) 17 Jun 1947 - 20 Feb 1956 Karl Arnold CDU (b. 1901 - d. 1958) 20 Feb 1956 - 21 Jul 1958 Fritz Steinhoff SPD (b. 1897 - d. 1969) 21 Jul 1958 - 8 Dec 1966 Franz Meyers CDU (b. 1908 - d. 2002) 8 Dec 1966 - 20 Sep 1978 Heinz K�hn SPD (b. 1912 - d. 1992) 20 Sep 1978 - 27 May 1998 Johannes Rau SPD (b. 1931 - d. 2006) 27 May 1998 - 22 Oct 2002 Wolfgang Clement SPD (b. 1940 - d. 2020) 22 Oct 2002 - 6 Nov 2002 Michael Vesper (acting) Grn (b. 1952) 6 Nov 2002 - 22 Jun 2005 Peer Steinbr�ck SPD (b. 1947) 22 Jun 2005 - 14 Jul 2010 J�rgen R�ttgers CDU (b. 1951) 14 Jul 2010 - 27 Jun 2017 Hannelore Kraft (f) SPD (b. 1961) 27 Jun 2017 - 26 Oct 2021 Armin Laschet CDU (b. 1961) 26 Oct 2021 - 27 Oct 2021 Joachim Stamp (acting) FDP (b. 1970) 27 Oct 2021 - Hendrik W�st CDU (b. 1975)

Nordrhein

20 Jun 1945 Nordrhein province formed from northern part of Prussian province of Rheinland

Oberpr�sidenten 4 Jul 1945 - 2 Oct 1945 Hans Fuchs n/p (b. 1874 - d. 1956) 2 Oct 1945 - 24 Jul 1946 Robert Lehr CDU (b. 1883 - d. 1956)

Westfalen

Oberpr�sident 2 Jul 1945 - 23 Aug 1946 Rudolf Amelunxen n/p (s.a.)

Lippe-Detmold

21 Jan 1947 part of Nordrhein-Westfalen

State president 9 May 1946 - 21 Jan 1947 Heinrich Drake n/p (b. 1881 - d. 1970)

Rheinland-Pfalz

15 Jun 1945 Rheinland-Hessen-Nassau province formed by merger of the southern part of the Prussian province of Rheinland and western parts of the Prussian province of Nassau 13 Jul 1945 the Pfalz district of Bayern and the Rheinhessen district of Hessen are merged to form Hessen-Pfalz province 15 Oct 1946 Hessen-Pfalz dissolved; Rheinhessen district becomes part of Rheinland-Hessen-Nassau 1 Dec 1946 Rheinland-Hessen-Nassau and Pfalz merged to form state of Rheinland-Pfalz 7 Sep 1949 part of the Federal Republic of Germany

Minister-presidents 2 Jan 1946 - 9 Jul 1947 Wilhelm Boden CDU (b. 1890 - d. 1961) (Oberpr�sident of Rheinland-Hessen-Nassau to 1 Dec 1946) 9 Jul 1947 - 19 May 1969 Peter Altmeier CDU (b. 1899 - d. 1977) 19 May 1969 - 2 Dec 1976 Helmut Kohl CDU (b. 1930 - d. 2017) 2 Dec 1976 - 8 Dec 1988 Bernhard Vogel CDU (b. 1932) 8 Dec 1988 - 21 May 1991 Carl-Ludwig Wagner CDU (b. 1930 - d. 2012) 21 May 1991 - 26 Oct 1994 Rudolf Scharping SPD (b. 1947) 26 Oct 1994 - 16 Jan 2013 Kurt Beck SPD (b. 1949) 16 Jan 2013 - 10 Jul 2024 Malu Dreyer (f) SPD (b. 1961) 10 Jul 2024 - Alexander Schweitzer SPD (b. 1973)

Saarland

   1945                French occupation

3 Dec 1946 Saargebiet renamed Saarland 1 Jan 1957 state of the Federal Republic of Germany

Military governor (from 1 Jan 1948, high commissioner) 30 Aug 1945 - Jan 1952 Gilbert Grandval (b. 1904 - d. 1981) Ambassadors Jan 1952 - Jun 1955 Gilbert Grandval (s.a.) Jul 1955 - Nov 1956 Eric de Carbonnel (b. 1910 - d. 1965) Nov 1956 - 31 Dec 1956 Tanguy de Courson de la Villeneuve (b. 1911 - d. 2001) (acting)

President of the Government 31 Jul 1945 - 8 Oct 1946 Hans Neureuter n/p (b. 1901 - d. 1953) Chairman of the (until 15 Dec 1947, Provisional) Administration Commission 8 Oct 1946 - 20 Dec 1947 Erwin M�ller CVP (b. 1906 - d. 1968) Minister-presidents 20 Dec 1947 - 29 Oct 1955 Johannes Hoffmann CVP (b. 1890 - d. 1967) 29 Oct 1955 - 10 Jan 1956 Heinrich Welsch n/p (b. 1888 - d. 1976) 10 Jan 1956 - 4 Jun 1957 Hubert Ney CDU (b. 1892 - d. 1984) 4 Jun 1957 - 23 Apr 1959 Egon Reinert CDU (b. 1908 - d. 1959) 30 Apr 1959 - 26 Jun 1979 Franz Josef R�der CDU (b. 1909 - d. 1979) 26 Jun 1979 - 5 Jul 1979 Werner Klumpp (acting) FDP (b. 1928 - d. 2021) 5 Jul 1979 - 9 Apr 1985 Werner Zeyer CDU (b. 1929 - d. 2000) 9 Apr 1985 - 27 Oct 1998 Oskar Lafontaine SPD (b. 1943) 27 Oct 1998 - 10 Nov 1998 Christiane Krajewski (f) SPD (b. 1949) (acting) 10 Nov 1998 - 29 Sep 1999 Reinhard Klimmt SPD (b. 1942) 29 Sep 1999 - 10 Aug 2011 Peter M�ller CDU (b. 1955) 10 Aug 2011 - 1 Mar 2018 Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer (f) CDU (b. 1962) 1 Mar 2018 - 25 Apr 2022 Tobias Hans CDU (b. 1978) 25 Apr 2022 - Anke Rehlinger (f) SPD (b. 1976)

Sachsen

7 Oct 1949 part of the German Democratic Republic 25 Jul 1952 state dissolved into districts (Dresden, Karl-Marx-Stadt, Leipzig) 3 Oct 1990 reconstituted as state of the Federal Republic of Germany 27 Oct 1990 named Free State of Sachsen

First secretaries of the Socialist Unity Party 21 Apr 1946 - 1949 Wilhelm Koenen (b. 1886 - d. 1963) 1949 - 1952 Ernst Lohagen (b. 1897 - d. 1971) 1952 - Jul 1952 Karl Schirdewan (b. 1907 - d. 1998)

Minister-presidents 4 Jul 1945 - 13 Jun 1947 Rudolf Friedrichs SPD; 22 Apr 1946: SED (b. 1892 - d. 1947) (Landespr�sident to 11 Dec 1946) 31 Jul 1947 - 25 Jul 1952 Max Seydewitz SED (b. 1892 - d. 1987) 3 Oct 1990 - 27 Oct 1990 Rudolf Krause CDU (b. 1939) (Landesbevollm�chtigter) 27 Oct 1990 - 18 Apr 2002 Kurt Biedenkopf CDU (b. 1930 - d. 2021) 18 Apr 2002 - 28 May 2008 Georg Milbradt CDU (b. 1945) 28 May 2008 - 13 Dec 2017 Stanislaw Tillich CDU (b. 1959) 13 Dec 2017 - Michael Kretschmer CDU (b. 1975)

Sachsen-Anhalt

23 Jul 1945 province of Sachsen-Anhalt formed by merger of the Prussian provinces of Magdeburg and Halle-Merseburg and the state of Anhalt 21 Jul 1947 state 7 Oct 1949 part of the German Democratic Republic 25 Jul 1952 state dissolved into districts (Halle, Magdeburg) 3 Oct 1990 reconstituted as state of the Federal Republic of Germany

First secretary of the Socialist Unity Party 21 Apr 1946 - 1952 Bernhard Koenen (b. 1889 - d. 1964)

Minister-presidents 20 Jul 1945 - 13 Aug 1949 Erhard H�bener LDP (b. 1881 - d. 1958) 13 Aug 1949 - 25 Jul 1952 Werner Bruschke SED (b. 1898 - d. 1995) 3 Oct 1990 - 28 Oct 1990 Karl-Hermann Steinberg CDU (b. 1941 - d. 2021) (Landesbevollm�chtigter) 28 Oct 1990 - 4 Jul 1991 Gerd Gies CDU (b. 1943) 4 Jul 1991 - 2 Dec 1993 Werner M�nch CDU (b. 1940) 2 Dec 1993 - 21 Jul 1994 Christoph Bergner CDU (b. 1948) 21 Jul 1994 - 16 May 2002 Reinhard H�ppner SPD (b. 1948 - d. 2014) 16 May 2002 - 19 Apr 2011 Wolfgang B�hmer CDU (b. 1936) 19 Apr 2011 - Reiner Haseloff CDU (b. 1954)

Schleswig-Holstein

23 Aug 1946 Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein becomes state 7 Sep 1949 part of the Federal Republic of Germany

Oberpr�sidenten 14 May 1945 - 15 Nov 1945 Otto Hoevermann n/p (b. 1888 - d. 1953) 15 Nov 1945 - 12 Sep 1946 Theodor Steltzer CDU (b. 1885 - d. 1967) Minister-presidents 12 Sep 1946 - 29 Apr 1947 Theodor Steltzer CDU (s.a.) 29 Apr 1947 - 29 Aug 1949 Hermann L�demann SPD (b. 1880 - d. 1959) 29 Aug 1949 - 5 Sep 1950 Bruno Diekmann SPD (b. 1897 - d. 1982) 5 Sep 1950 - 25 Jun 1951 Walter Bartram CDU (b. 1893 - d. 1971) 25 Jun 1951 - 2 Oct 1954 Friedrich Wilhelm L�bke CDU (b. 1887 - d. 1954) 11 Oct 1954 - 14 Jan 1963 Kai-Uwe von Hassel CDU (b. 1913 - d. 1997) 14 Jan 1963 - 24 May 1971 Helmut Lemke CDU (b. 1907 - d. 1990) 24 May 1971 - 14 Oct 1982 Gerhard Stoltenberg CDU (b. 1928 - d. 2001) 14 Oct 1982 - 2 Oct 1987 Uwe Barschel CDU (b. 1944 - d. 1987) 2 Oct 1987 - 31 May 1988 Henning Schwarz (acting) CDU (b. 1928 - d. 1993) 31 May 1988 - 19 May 1993 Bj�rn Engholm SPD (b. 1939) 19 May 1993 - 27 Apr 2005 Heide Simonis (f) SPD (b. 1943 - d. 2023) 27 Apr 2005 - 12 Jun 2012 Peter Harry Carstensen CDU (b. 1947) 12 Jun 2012 - 28 Jun 2017 Torsten Albig SPD (b. 1963) 28 Jun 2017 - Daniel G�nther CDU (b. 1973)

Th�ringen

7 Oct 1949 part of the German Democratic Republic 25 Jul 1952 state dissolved into districts (Erfurt, Gera, Suhl) 3 Oct 1990 reconstituted as state of the Federal Republic of Germany 25 Oct 1993 named Free State of Th�ringen

First secretaries of the Socialist Unity Party 21 Apr 1946 - 1947 Werner Eggerath (b. 1900 - d. 1977) 1947 - 1949 Erich Ernst Kops (b. 1905 - d. 1961) Dec 1949 - 25 Jul 1952 Erich M�ckenberger (b. 1910 - d. 1998)

Minister-presidents 9 Jun 1945 - 16 Jul 1945 Hermann Brill SPD (b. 1895 - d. 1959) (president of the government) 16 Jul 1945 - 1 Sep 1947 Rudolf Paul Apr 1946: SED (b. 1893 - d. 1978) (leader of the state administration to 4 Dec 1946) 2 Sep 1947 - 25 Jul 1952 Werner Eggerath SED (s.a.) (acting to 8 Oct 1947) 3 Oct 1990 - 5 Feb 1992 Josef Duchac CDU (b. 1938) (Landesbevollm�chtigter to 8 Nov 1990) 5 Feb 1992 - 5 Jun 2003 Bernhard Vogel CDU (b. 1932) 5 Jun 2003 - 30 Oct 2009 Dieter Althaus CDU (b. 1958) 1 Jan 2009 - 20 Apr 2009 Birgit Diezel (f) CDU (b. 1958) (acting for Althaus) 30 Oct 2009 - 5 Dec 2014 Christine Lieberknecht (f) CDU (b. 1958) 5 Dec 2014 - 5 Feb 2020 Bodo Ramelow (1st time) Lft (b. 1956) 5 Feb 2020 - 4 Mar 2020 Thomas Kemmerich FDP (b. 1965) 4 Mar 2020 - Bodo Ramelow (2nd time) Lft (s.a.)