Anuradha Upadhye | Agharkar Research Institute (original) (raw)

Papers by Anuradha Upadhye

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, Dec 1, 2012

Piperine and piperlongumine, alkaloids having diverse biological activities, commonly occur in ro... more Piperine and piperlongumine, alkaloids having diverse biological activities, commonly occur in roots of Piper longum L., Piperaceae, which have high commercial, economical and medicinal value. In present study, rapid, validated HPTLC method has been established for the determination of piperine and piperlongumine in methanolic root extract and its commercial formulation 'Mahasudarshan churna ® ' using ICH guidelines. The use of Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) as an alternative to conventional techniques has been explored. The methanol extracts of root, its formulation and both standard solutions were applied on silica gel F 254 HPTLC plates. The plates were developed in Twin chamber using mobile phase toluene: ethyl acetate (6:4, v/v) and scanned at 342 and 325 nm (λ max of piperine and piperlongumine, respectively) using Camag TLC scanner 3 with CATS 4 software. A linear relationship was obtained between response (peak area) and amount of piperine and piperlongumine in the range of 20-100 and 30-150 ng/spot, respectively; the correlation coeffi cient was 0.9957 and 0.9941 respectively. Sharp, symmetrical and well resolved peaks of piperine and piperlongumine spots resolved at R f 0.51 and 0.74, respectively from other components of the sample extracts. The HPTLC method showed good linearity, recovery and high precision of both markers. Extraction of plant using ASE and rapid HPTLC method provides a new and powerful approach to estimate piperine and piperlongumine as phytomarkers in the extract as well as its commercial formulations for routine quality control.

Journal of analytical & bioanalytical techniques, 2010

Jpc – Journal Of Planar Chromatography – Modern Tlc, Dec 1, 2018

An ingredient of 'Dasamoola' and 'Laghupanchamoola' group of drugs, the source of 'Brihati' has b... more An ingredient of 'Dasamoola' and 'Laghupanchamoola' group of drugs, the source of 'Brihati' has been controversial. Although the dried root of Solanum anguivi is considered as the source of the drug 'Brihati' according to the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, closely related and morphologically similar few species like Solanum torvum, Solanum melongena, Solanum incanum, and Solanum insanum are known as its substitutes. In the present study, a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed and validated for the chemoprofiling and quantitative estimation of glycoalkaloid solamargine from 5 species of the genus Solanum as well as market samples. The developed method was precise, accurate, robust, specific, and linear. The results showed that S. incanum has the highest content of solamargine, followed by S. insanum. Out of the 9 market samples analyzed, solamargine was detected only in 3 samples. Unsupervised pattern recognition techniques, such as principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis, were used to analyze the complex fingerprint patterns and to predict the grouping of samples. The method clearly segregated the field and market samples. Our study is the first attempt to evaluate the drug 'Brihati' and the market samples using HPTLC.

Acta Chromatographica, Jun 1, 2012

A new, simple, and reproducible HPTLC-densitometric method has been established and validated for... more A new, simple, and reproducible HPTLC-densitometric method has been established and validated for estimation of trigonelline in the leaves of Abrus precatorius L. and its herbal formulation Chatak ® using ICH guidelines. Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) as an alternative to conventional techniques was also explored for rapid extraction. The methanol extracts of leaves, its formulation, and standard solution of trigonelline were applied on silica gel F 254 HPTLC plates and developed in a twin chamber using the mobile phase toluene-ethyl acetate-formic acid-methanol (2:3:1.8:3.8, v/v/v/v). The plates were scanned at 268 nm (λ max of trigonelline) using a Camag TLC scanner 3 with the CATS 4 software. A linear relationship was obtained between the response (peak area) and the amount of trigonelline in the range 40-200 ng per spot; the correlation coefficient was 0.9957. The ASE method gives higher extraction efficiency in less time compared to Soxhlet extraction. The HPTLC-densitometric method showed good linearity, recovery, and high precision. It is useful to analyze trigonelline in A. precatorius leaves and routine quality control of its marketed formulation.

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Jan 16, 2018

Background: Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd. commonly called as Rasna, Greater galangal or Kulinjan is... more Background: Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd. commonly called as Rasna, Greater galangal or Kulinjan is a medicinally important rhizome used in Indian traditional system of medicine to cure a number of ailments. A. galanga is the main source of a galangin-a medicinally important flavanol which has a number of pharmacological properties viz. anti-mutagenic, and anti-inflammatory. Due to the high demand for the rhizome of A. galanga traders are now substituting it with rhizomes of A. calcarata and A. officinarum. Methods: The present study aims to develop high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) fingerprinting of A. galanga with its adulterants or substitutes and to quantify bioactive galangin present thereof. Methanolic extracts were obtained from rhizomes of the three species of Alpinia used for HPTLC analysis using silica gel 60 F254 plates and hexane: ethyl acetate: acetic acid (6.2: 2.8: 1.0 v/v/v); the densitometric analysis was performed at 272 nm. Results: By comparison of Rf values and of the spectra of the bands with those of the standard galangin was identified in all three samples. HPTLC quantitative analysis of the methanolic extracts showed the decline trend in the quantity of the galangin in the three species of Alpinia as A. galanga (7.67 ± 0.36 mg/g) > A. officinarum (5.77 ± 0.71 mg/g) > A. calcarata (4.31 ± 0.44 mg/g). The HPTLC method was validated using International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The HPTLC method showed good linearity, recovery and high precision of biomarker. Conclusions: Rapid and reproducible method is useful for routine analysis of galangin and quality control of Alpinia galangal along with its adulterants or substitutes.

Check List, Sep 1, 2014

Materials and Methods Study area Bhor (18.0262° to 18.3591° N, 73.6240° to 74.0577° E, 591.43 a.s... more Materials and Methods Study area Bhor (18.0262° to 18.3591° N, 73.6240° to 74.0577° E, 591.43 a.s.l.) covers an area of 892 km 2 of which 122 km 2 is covered by forest. Bhor has many peaks like Rajgad, Raireshwar, and Vichitragad. The major rivers flowing in the Taluka are Nira, Velvandi, and Gunjavani flowing west to east and Shivaganga from north to south. The two major dams in the taluka are Bhatghar on river Velvandi and Nira-Devghar on Nira. The Taluka is surrounded by Khandala Taluka of Satara district and Purandhar Taluka of the Pune district towards East, Mahad of Raigad district towards West, Velhe, and Haveli of Pune district towards North and Wai Taluka of Satara district towards South. It has 195 villages and total population is 171,719 (Annonymous 2006). Major part of Bhor Taluka is covered by Deccan trap basalt and thick alluvial soil spread along the bank of Nira and Velvandi. The region is also of historic importance, since it was the major connecting link between the Deccan plateau and the West coast. The soil is deep, with moderately well drained loamy soils. Average rainfall of the study area is 900 m (Anonymous 2006). Being highly fertile and with moderate rainfall, the majority of the area is under agriculture. Major crops are paddy, sorghum, and ragi. Minor crops are Groundnut, Pigeon Pea, and Sugarcane. Major forest types of this region are West Coast semi-evergreen forest, moist deciduous, and dry deciduous forests. The region has also many forest patches protected in the form of sacred groves and reserve forests.

Acta Chromatographica, Sep 1, 2012

A new, simple and reproducible HPTLC-densitometric method has been established and validated for ... more A new, simple and reproducible HPTLC-densitometric method has been established and validated for estimation of trigonelline in leaves of Abrus precatorius L. and its herbal formulation Chatak ® using ICH guidelines. Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) as an alternative to convention techniques was also explored for the rapid extraction. The methanol extracts of leaves, its formulation, and standard solution of trigonelline were applied on silica gel F 254 HPTLC plates and developed in twin chamber using mobile phase toluene-ethyl acetate-formic acid-methanol (2:3:1.8:3.8, v/v/v/v). The plates were scanned at 268 nm (λ max of trigonelline) using Camag TLC scanner 3 with CATS 4 software. A linear relationship was obtained between response (peak area) and amount of trigonelline in the range 40-200 ng spot −1 ; the correlation coefficient was 0.9957. ASE method has higher extraction efficiency in less time as compared to Soxhlet extraction. The HPTLC-densitometric method showed good linearity, recovery and high precision of compound. It is useful to analyze trigonelline in A. precatorius leaves and routine quality control of its marketed formulation.

Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, Jul 1, 2012

The galls on Terminalia chebula Retz. (Family-Combretaceae) is a well-known herbal drug used to t... more The galls on Terminalia chebula Retz. (Family-Combretaceae) is a well-known herbal drug used to treat various diseases in Indian System of Traditional Medicine. The dried galls are widely commerce in the Indian market and substituted to galls of Pistacia integerrima Stew. Ex. Brandis. The present study aims to investigate antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of hexane (TCH), ethanol (TCE) and water extract (TCW) of the galls on T. chebula by employing photochemiluminescence and spectrophotometric methods. The results showed that TCE and TCW significantly inhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide and superoxide radical in dose dependent manner. Trent of phenol content was as: TCH < TCW < TCE. A significant correlation was shown by total phenol content and free radical scavenging activity of all extracts. The hepatoprotective effect was assayed in CCl4-induced cytotoxicity in a liver slice culture model. The results revealed that significant depletion was observed in lactate dehydrogenase, lipid peroxidation, antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and Glutathione reductase on administration of the TCE and TCW or ascorbic acid as standard in the CCl4induced cytotoxicity in the liver. TCE and TCW extracts of galls on T. chebula have prevented significant oxidative liver damage.

Journal of Threatened Taxa, Jul 26, 2014

and In-charge Botany Group for providing necessary facilities and encouragements. The authors are... more and In-charge Botany Group for providing necessary facilities and encouragements. The authors are also thankful to Forest Department, Maharashtra state for funding this project.

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2016

Fruits of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (family: Rhamnaceae), known as Indian jujube or "Ber," are of pot... more Fruits of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (family: Rhamnaceae), known as Indian jujube or "Ber," are of potential nutritional and medicinal value. The objectives of the present study were to estimate bioactive compound maslinic acid by HPTLC method and to evaluate in vitro antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of eight cultivars of Indian jujube. Maslinic acid and the fruit pulp of various cultivars of Indian jujube, namely, Gola, Sannur, Umaran, Mehrun, and Chhuhara, exhibited significantly high antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity. HPTLC-densitometric method was developed for quantification of maslinic acid from fruits of Indian jujube cultivars. The trend of occurrence of maslinic acid in fruits pulp extracts was as follows: Gola > Sannur > Umaran > Mehrun > Chhuhara > Wild > Kadaka > Apple. A significant correlation was shown by maslinic acid content and prevention of oxidative stress induced by CCl 4 in liver slice culture cell treated with extract. Maslinic acid along with its other phytoconstituents like phenols, flavonoids, and ascorbic acid may act as a possible therapeutic agent for preventing hepatotoxicity caused by oxidative stress generated due to the prooxidants like CCl 4. This is the first report of fruit pulp extracts of Z. jujube cultivars in India and maslinic acid preventing CCl 4 induced damage in liver slice culture cell of mice.

Pittapapda' is a well known crude drug used in Indian system of traditional medicine for diarrhoe... more Pittapapda' is a well known crude drug used in Indian system of traditional medicine for diarrhoea, liver disorders, leprosy, skin diseases, etc. This study presents antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of seven botanically different sources of 'Pittapapda', viz. Glossocardia bosvallia (L.f.) DC., Rostellularia procumbens (L.) Nees, Rungia repens (L.) Nees, Naregamia alata Wight & Arn., Fumaria vaillantii Loisel., Mollugo pentaphylla L. and Polycarpaea corymbosa (L.) Lam. by means of various assays including 1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl test by TLC and spectrophotometry, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), radical scavenging potential using photo-chemiluminescence and lipid peroxidation. The trend of phenol content was as: G. boswallea > F. vaillantii > N. alata > P. corymbosa > M. pentaphylla > R. procumbens > R. repens. Out of seven species, ethanol extracts of G. bosvallia, F. vaillantii and N. alata having high percentage of phenol content showed potent in vitro antioxidant activity followed by moderate activity of M. pentaphylla and P. corymbosa. The above study supports use of G. bosvallia, F. vaillantii and N. alata to treat liver disorder in traditional medicine as their ethanol extract exhibits potent inhibition of free radicals than other four species.

Fumaria vaillantii Loisel. (Family-Fumariaceae), a well-known crude drug is used in Indian system... more Fumaria vaillantii Loisel. (Family-Fumariaceae), a well-known crude drug is used in Indian system of traditional medicine for diverse pharmacological activities like anthelmintic, antipsoriatic, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective activity, etc. This study presents pharmacognostic and phytochemical evaluation of whole plant of F. vaillantii to establish identification markers. Microscopy showes presence of starch grains, anomocytic stomata, parenchyma with thick and beaded wall, septate fibre with narrow lumen and blunt tips and vessels with pitted and spiral thickenings. Total ash was ≥ 5 % and alcohol soluble extractive value was two times higher than petroleum ether soluble extractive. Presence of protopine and rutin in methanol extract of whole plant at R f 0.51 and 0.26 was observed and amount were 1.21± 0.07 and 1.03±0.0.6 mg/g, respectively. This helps in laying down botanical and phytochemical standards of F. vaillantii.

Tropical Ecology, 2018

Western Ghats of India is rich in floristic diversity and endemism. However, being highly threate... more Western Ghats of India is rich in floristic diversity and endemism. However, being highly threatened with anthropogenic stressors, with only 6.8% of its original vegetation still extant, along with Sri Lanka it is considered as a biodiversity hotspot. It has been suggested that sacred groves in Western Ghats could act as refuge for the relic flora of this region. Sacred groves are the forest patches conserved since centuries due to religious beliefs and are the remnants of the climax vegetation containing endemic and endangered species of plants and animals. However, due to severe deforestation and urbanization, sacred groves are facing serious problems. In present investigation, sacred groves from Pune district, Maharashtra, were studied for their ecological role and their response to physical as well as degradation related parameters. Two hundred ninety six species of plants belonging to 100 families including 45 endemic species were recorded from these groves. Similarity between sacred groves is independent of distances accounting for only 30% for the groves as close as 2.5 km from each other. Physical parameters such as altitude and presence of streams are positively correlated with number of endemic species. Increase in the degradation including cutting, lopping; construction activities have affected the species richness across different sacred groves. Our results show that each sacred grove is unique in terms of biodiversity it contains and demands dedicated conservation efforts.

The Indian Forester, Dec 29, 2016

A protocol is described for micropropagation of critically endangered Ceropegia maccannii Ansari ... more A protocol is described for micropropagation of critically endangered Ceropegia maccannii Ansari (Asclepiadaceae) having limited reproducing capacity in nature, through in vitro raised seedlings. The effect of cytokinins; 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 6-furfurylaminopurine/Kinetin (Kin), thidiazuron (TDZ) and auxins; indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at various concentrations on in vitro regeneration were investigated. The highest number of nodes per explant (8.00±0.31) and maximum shoot length (9.16±0.35 cm) were found on full strength MS medium supplemented with BAP (11.10 μM). Whereas, IBA (12.30 μM) showed maximum root length (2.85±0.18 cm) and number of roots per shoot (6.62±0.53) with maximum shoot length (8.87±0.63 cm). The developed method can be successfully employed for large-scale multiplication and conservation of Ceropegia maccannii Ansari.

Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 1999

Carissa L. is a wild fruit yielding species of much socio-economic value in tribal areas of Mahar... more Carissa L. is a wild fruit yielding species of much socio-economic value in tribal areas of Maharashtra. Being cross-pollinated in nature, it forms a good source of plant genetic variability and provides useful material for economic exploitation. The present study records range of natural variability in Karvanda (Carissa L.) through extensive field surveys in different agro-climatic zones of western Maharashtra. A wide spectrum of variability was observed with respect to number of fruits per cluster (3–17), size (9 X 9 to 44–43 mm), shape (round to oblong), colour (red to black exceptionally yellowish-green when ripe), taste (sour to sweet and bitter), pulp colour (white to red), number of seeds per fruit (1–4), TDS contents (10–32%), and weight of 10 seeds (0.19 to 0.71 g). The collected accessions were classified into 16 types based on fruit morphology.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Nov 1, 2005

The Indian Forester, 1987

Journal of Natural Remedies, 2001

Objective : To study antidiarrhoeal activity of JC fraction isolated from Jatropha curcas L. root... more Objective : To study antidiarrhoeal activity of JC fraction isolated from Jatropha curcas L. roots in albino mice. Materials and methods : The roots of Jatropha curcas were collected from Awasari ghat near Pune, Maharashtra. The methanol extract of defatted roots was fractionated by solvent wash and preparative chromatography to yield JC fraction. This fraction at 50 and 100 mg/kg was tested for faecal output in normal and castor oil or magnesium sulphate induced diarrhoea in albino mice. The effect of JC fraction 100mg/kg was also studied on fluid and electrolyte secretion after castor oil administration and charcoal meal adsorption. Results : JC fraction showed activity against castor oil and magnesium sulphate induced diarrhoea . It also reduced intestinal motility as well as castor oil induced increased intraluminal fluid and sodium ion secretion in small intestine. Conclusion : JC fraction shows antidiarrhoeal activity through inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis and reduct...