Insulin-like growth factor II precursor gene organization in relation to insulin gene family (original) (raw)

Nature volume 310, pages 777–781 (1984)Cite this article

Abstract

The insulin gene family1,2, comprised of insulin, relaxin, insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and IGF-II) and possibly the _β_-subunit of 7S nerve growth factor3, represents a group of structurally related polypeptides whose biological functions have diverged. The IGFs, or somatomedins, constitute a class of polypeptides that have a key role in pre-adolescent mammalian growth (see ref. 4 for review). IGF-I expression is regulated by growth hormone5,6 and mediates postnatal growth, while IGF-II appears to be induced by placental lactogen during prenatal development6. The primary structures of both human IGFs have been determined and are closely related7,8. A polypeptide highly homologous to human IGF-II is secreted by the rat liver cell line, BRL-3A9,10. As this polypeptide, termed multiplication stimulating activity (MSA), differs from human IGF-II by only five amino acid residues, MSA probably represents the rat IGF-II protein11. Using molecular cloning techniques, we have isolated cDNA and chromosomal genes coding for the MSA and human IGF-II precursors, respectively. Our data, presented here, indicate that both MSA12 and human IGF-II are synthesized initially as larger precursor molecules. The deduced preprohormones both have molecular weights (MWs) of 20,100 and contain C-terminal propeptides of 89 amino acid residues, which we have named E-peptides. The organization of the IGF-II precursor gene is discussed in relation to that of other insulin gene family members.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech, Inc., 460 Point San Bruno Boulevard, South San Francisco, California, 94080, USA
    Thomas J. Dull, Alane Gray, Joel S. Hayflick & Axel Ullrich

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  1. Thomas J. Dull
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  2. Alane Gray
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  3. Joel S. Hayflick
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  4. Axel Ullrich
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Dull, T., Gray, A., Hayflick, J. et al. Insulin-like growth factor II precursor gene organization in relation to insulin gene family.Nature 310, 777–781 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1038/310777a0

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