Genetic variance estimation with imputed variants finds negligible missing heritability for human height and body mass index (original) (raw)

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (grants 1052684, 1078037 and 1050218), the Australian Research Council (grant 130102666), the US National Institutes of Health (R01MH100141), the Sylvia and Charles Viertel Charitable Foundation and the University of Queensland Foundation. This study makes use of data from the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP) available under accessions phs000090, phs000091 and phs000428 and the EGCUT, LifeLines, TwinGene and UK10K studies (see the Supplementary Note for the full set of acknowledgments for these data).

Author information

Author notes

1. Jian Yang, Michael E Goddard and Peter M Visscher: These authors jointly supervised this work.

Authors and Affiliations

1. Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
   Jian Yang, Andrew Bakshi, Zhihong Zhu, Gibran Hemani, Anna A E Vinkhuyzen, Sang Hong Lee, Matthew R Robinson, Naomi R Wray & Peter M Visscher
2. University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translation Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
   Jian Yang & Peter M Visscher
3. Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, School of Social and Community Medicine, Bristol, UK
   Gibran Hemani
4. School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
   Sang Hong Lee
5. MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
   John R B Perry
6. Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
   Ilja M Nolte, Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk & Harold Snieder
7. Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
   Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
8. Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
   Tonu Esko, Lili Milani, Reedik Mägi & Andres Metspalu
9. Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
   Tonu Esko
10. Program in Medical and Populational Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
    Tonu Esko
11. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Tonu Esko
12. Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
    Andres Metspalu
13. Department of Medicine Solna, Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics Group, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
    Anders Hamsten
14. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
    Patrik K E Magnusson & Nancy L Pedersen
15. Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
    Erik Ingelsson
16. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
    Erik Ingelsson
17. Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
    Nicole Soranzo
18. Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Nicole Soranzo
19. Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
    Matthew C Keller
20. Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
    Matthew C Keller
21. Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
    Michael E Goddard
22. Biosciences Research Division, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
    Michael E Goddard

Authors

1. Jian Yang
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2. Andrew Bakshi
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3. Zhihong Zhu
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4. Gibran Hemani
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5. Anna A E Vinkhuyzen
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6. Sang Hong Lee
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7. Matthew R Robinson
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8. John R B Perry
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9. Ilja M Nolte
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10. Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
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11. Harold Snieder
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12. Tonu Esko
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13. Lili Milani
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14. Reedik Mägi
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15. Andres Metspalu
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16. Anders Hamsten
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17. Patrik K E Magnusson
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18. Nancy L Pedersen
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19. Erik Ingelsson
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20. Nicole Soranzo
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21. Matthew C Keller
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22. Naomi R Wray
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23. Michael E Goddard
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24. Peter M Visscher
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Consortia

The LifeLines Cohort Study

Contributions

J.Y. and P.M.V. conceived and designed the study. J.Y. performed statistical analyses and simulations. M.E.G., J.Y. and P.M.V. derived the theory. A.B., Z.Z. and G.H. performed the imputation analysis. S.H.L., M.R.R., M.C.K. and N.R.W. provided statistical support. A.A.E.V., J.R.B.P., I.M.N., J.V.v.V.-O., H.S., the LifeLines Cohort Study, T.E., L.M., R.M., A.M., A.H., P.K.E.M., N.L.P., E.I. and N.S. contributed to data collection. J.Y. wrote the manuscript with the participation of all authors.

Corresponding author

Correspondence toJian Yang.

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The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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A full list of members and affiliations appears in the Supplementary Note.

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Yang, J., Bakshi, A., Zhu, Z. et al. Genetic variance estimation with imputed variants finds negligible missing heritability for human height and body mass index.Nat Genet 47, 1114–1120 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.3390

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• Received: 10 February 2015
• Accepted: 31 July 2015
• Published: 31 August 2015
• Issue Date: October 2015
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.3390