Umetsu, D.T. & DeKruyff, R.H. Th1 and Th2 CD4+ cells in human allergic diseases. J. Aller. Clin. Immunol.100, 1–6 (1997). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Wills-Karp, M. Immunologic basis of antigen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. Annu. Rev. Immunol.17, 255–281 (1999). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Walter, D.M. et al. Critical role for IL-13 in the development of allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity. J. Immunol.167, 4668–4675 (2001). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Mosmann, T.R. & Coffman, R.L. Th1 and Th2 cells: Different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties. Ann. Rev. Immunol.7, 145–173 (1989). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Romagnani, S. Lymphokine production by human T cells in disease states. Ann. Rev. Immunol.12, 227–257 (1994). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Corrigan, C.J. & Kay, A.B. CD4 T-lymphocyte activation in acute severe asthma. Relationship to disease severity and atopic status. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.141, 970–977 (1990). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Hansen, G., Berry, G., DeKruyff, R.H. & Umetsu, D.T. Allergen-specific Th1 cells fail to counterbalance Th2 cell-induced airway hyperreactivity but cause severe airway inflammation. J. Clin. Invest.103, 175–183 (1999). ArticleCASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Hansen, G. et al. CD4(+) T helper cells engineered to produce latent TGF-β1 reverse allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity and inflammation. J. Clin. Invest.105, 61–70 (2000). ArticleCASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Akbari, O., DeKruyff, R.H. & Umetsu, D.T. Pulmonary dendritic cells producing IL-10 mediate tolerance induced by respiratory exposure to antigen. Nature Immunol.2, 725–731 (2001). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Tsitoura, D.C., DeKruyff, R.H., Lamb, J.R. & Umetsu, D.T. Intranasal exposure to protein antigen induces immunological tolerance mediated by functionally disabled CD4+ T cells. J. Immunol.163, 2592–2600 (1999). CASPubMed Google Scholar
McAdam, A.J. et al. Mouse inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS) expression is enhanced by CD28 costimulation and regulates differentiation of CD4(+) T cells. J. Immunol.165, 5035–5040 (2000). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Hutloff, A. et al. ICOS is an inducible T-cell co-stimulator structurally and functionally related to CD28. Nature397, 263–266 (1999). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Yoshinaga, S.K. et al. T-cell co-stimulation through B7RP-1 and ICOS. Nature402, 827–832 (1999). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Groux, H. et al. A CD4+ T-cell subset inhibits antigen-specific T-cell responses and prevents colitis. Nature389, 737–742 (1997). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Roncarolo, M.G., Levings, M.K. & Traversari, C. Differentiation of T regulatory cells by immature dendritic cells. J. Exp. Med.193, F5–F9 (2001). ArticleCASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
McAdam, A.J. et al. ICOS is critical for CD40-mediated antibody class switching. Nature409, 102–105 (2001). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Gonzalo, J.A. et al. ICOS is critical for T helper cell-mediated lung mucosal inflammatory responses. Nature Immunol.2, 597–604 (2001). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Oro, A.S., Guarino, T.J., Driver, R., Steinman, L. & Umetsu, D.T. Regulation of disease susceptibility: Decreased prevalence of IgE- mediated allergic disease in patients with multiple sclerosis. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.97, 1402–1408 (1996). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Shirakawa, T., Enomoto, T., Shimazu, S. & Hopkin, J.M. The inverse association between tuberculin responses and atopic disorder. Science275, 77–79 (1997). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Secrist, H., Chelen, C.J., Wen, Y., Marshall, J.D. & Umetsu, D.T. Allergen immunotherapy decreases interleukin 4 production in CD4+ T cells from allergic individuals. J. Exp. Med.178, 2123–2130 (1993). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Varney, V.A. et al. Influence of grass pollen immunotherapy on cellular infiltration and cytokine mRNA expression during allergen-induced late-phase cutaneous responses. J. Clin. Invest.92, 644–651 (1993). ArticleCASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Kim, T.S. et al. An OVA-IL-12 fusion protein is more effective than OVA plus rIL-12 in inducing a Th1-dominated immune response and inhibiting antigen-specific IgE production. J. Immunol.158, 4137–4144 (1997). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Yeung, V.P., Gieni, R.S., Umetsu, D.T. & DeKruyff, R.H. Heat-killed Listeria monocytogenes as an adjuvant converts established murine Th2-dominated immune responses into Th1-dominated responses. J. Immunol.161, 4146–4152 (1998). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Raz, E. et al. Preferential induction of a Th1 immune response and inhibition of specific IgE antibody formation by plasmid DNA immunization. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA93, 5141–5145 (1996). ArticleCASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Hsu, C.H. et al. Immunoprophylaxis of allergen-induced immunoglobulin E synthesis and airway hyperresponsiveness in vivo by genetic immunization. Nature Med.2, 540–544 (1996). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Gavett, S.H. et al. Interleukin 12 inhibits antigen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and Th2 cytokine expression in mice. J. Exp. Med.182, 1527–1536 (1995). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Randolph, D.A., Carruthers, C.J., Szabo, S.J., Murphy, K.M. & Chaplin, D.D. Modulation of airway inflammation by passive transfer of allergen-specific Th1 and Th2 cells in a mouse model of asthma. J. Immunol.162, 2375–2383 (1999). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Coffman, R.L. & Mosmann, T.R. CD4+ T-cell subsets: Regulation of differentiation and function. Res. Immunol.142, 7–9 (1991). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Ding, L., Linsley, P.S., Huang, L.Y., Germain, R.N. & Shevach, E.M. IL-10 inhibits macrophage costimulatory activity by selectively inhibiting the up-regulation of B7 expression. J. Immunol.151, 1224–1234 (1993). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Makela, M.J. et al. IL-10 is necessary for the expression of airway hyperresponsiveness but not pulmonary inflammation after allergic sensitization. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA97, 6007–6012 (2000). ArticleCASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Levings, M.K. & Roncarolo, M.G. T-regulatory 1 cells: A novel subset of CD4 T cells with immunoregulatory properties. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.106, S109–112 (2000). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Akdis, C.A., Blesken, T., Akdis, M., Wuthrich, B. & Blaser, K. Role of interleukin 10 in specific immunotherapy. J. Clin. Invest.102, 98–106 (1998). ArticleCASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Jonuleit, H. et al. Identification and functional characterization of human CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells with regulatory properties isolated from peripheral blood. J. Exp. Med.193, 1285–1294 (2001). ArticleCASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Barrat, F.J. et al. In vitro generation of interleukin 10-producing regulatory CD4(+) T cells is induced by immunosuppressive drugs and inhibited by T helper type 1 (Th1)- and Th2-inducing cytokines. J. Exp. Med.195, 603–616 (2002). ArticleCASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Huang, F.P. et al. A discrete subpopulation of dendritic cells transports apoptotic intestinal epithelial cells to T cell areas of mesenteric lymph nodes. J. Exp. Med.191, 435–444 (2000). ArticleCASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Sauter, B. et al. Consequences of cell death: Exposure to necrotic tumor cells, but not primary tissue cells or apoptotic cells, induces the maturation of immunostimulatory dendritic cells. J. Exp. Med.191, 423–434 (2000). ArticleCASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Nakajima, A. et al. Requirement of CD28-CD86 co-stimulation in the interaction between antigen-primed T helper type 2 and B cells. Int. Immunol.9, 637–644 (1997). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Chen, Y., Kuchroo, V.K., Inobe, J., Hafler, D.A. & Weiner, H.L. Regulatory T cell clones induced by oral tolerance: Suppression of autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Science265, 1237–1240 (1994). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Sakaguchi, S., Sakaguchi, N., Asano, M., Itoh, M. & Toda, M. Immunologic self-tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor α-chains (CD25). J. Immunol.160, 1151–1164 (1995). Google Scholar
Thornton, A. & Shevach, E.M. CD4+CD25+ immunoregulatory T cells suppress polyclonal T cell activation in vitro by inhibiting interleukin 2 production. J. Exp. Med.188, 287–296 (1998). ArticleCASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
McGuirk, P., McCann, C. & Mills, K.H. Pathogen-specific T regulatory 1 cells induced in the respiratory tract by a bacterial molecule that stimulates interleukin 10 production by dendritic cells: A novel strategy for evasion of protective T helper type 1 responses by Bordetella pertussis. J. Exp. Med.195, 221–231 (2002). ArticleCASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Tivol, E. et al. Loss of CTLA-4 leads to massive lymphoproliferation and fatal multiorgan destruction, revealing a critical negative regulatory role of CTLA-4. Immunity3, 541–547 (1995). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Mages, H.W. et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of murine ICOS and identification of B7h as ICOS ligand. Eur. J. Immunol.30, 1040–1047 (2000). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Swallow, M.M., Wallin, J.J. & Sha, W.C. B7h, a novel costimulatory homolog of B7.1 and B7.2, is induced by TNFα. Immunity11, 423–432 (1999). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Ling, V. et al. Cutting edge: Identification of GL50, a novel B7-like protein that functionally binds to ICOS receptor. J. Immunol164, 1653–1637 (2000). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Coyle, A.J. et al. The CD28-related molecule ICOS is required for effective T cell- dependent immune responses. Immunity13, 95–105 (2000). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Dong, C. et al. ICOS co-stimulatory receptor is essential for T-cell activation and function. Nature409, 97–101 (2001). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Marrack, P., Shimonkevitz, R., Hannum, C., Haskins, K. & Kappler, J. The major histocompatibility complex-restricted antigen receptor on T cells. IV. An antiidiotypic antibody predicts both antigen and I- specificity. J. Exp. Med.158, 1635–1646 (1983). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Maloney, D.G., Kaminski, M.S., Burowski, D., Haimovich, J. & Levy, R. Monoclonal anti-idiotype antibodies against the murine B cell lymphoma 38C13: Characterization and use as probes for the biology of the tumor in vivo and in vitro. Hybridoma4, 191–209 (1985). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Lyons, A.B. & Parish, C.R. Determination of lymphocyte division by flow cytometry. J. Immunol. Methods171, 131–137 (1994). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Hansen, G., Yeung, V.P., Berry, G., Umetsu, D.T. & DeKruyff, R.H. Vaccination with heat-killed Listeria as adjuvant reverses established allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity and inflammation: Role of CD8+ T cells and IL-18. J. Immunol.164, 223–230 (2000). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Scheicher, C., Mehlig, M., Zecher, R. & Reske, K. Dendritic cells from mouse bone marrow: In vitro differentiation using low doses of recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. J. Immunol. Meth.154, 253–264 (1992). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Inaba, K. et al. Generation of large numbers of dendritic cells from mouse bone marrow cultures supplemented with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor. J. Exp. Med.176, 1693–1702 (1992). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Stockinger, B. & Hausmann, B. Functional recognition of in vivo processed self antigen. Int. Immunol.6, 247–254 (1994). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Kearney, E.R., Pape, K.A., Loh, D.Y. & Jenkins, M.K. Visualization of peptide-specific T cell immunity and peripheral tolerance induction in vivo. Immunity1, 327–239 (1994). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Assenmacher, M., Schmitz, J. & Radbruch, A. Flow cytometric determination of cytokines in activated murine T helper lymphocytes: Expression of interleukin-10 in interferon-γ and in interleukin-4-expressing cells. Eur. J. Immunol.24, 1097–1101 (1994). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar
Sander, B., Andersson, J. & Andersson, U. Assessment of cytokines by immunofluorescence and the paraformaldehyde- saponin procedure. Immunol. Rev.119, 65–93 (1991). ArticleCASPubMed Google Scholar