Rosenbaum, J. L. & Child, F. M. Flagellar regeneration in protozoan flagellates. J. Cell Biol.34, 345–364 (1967). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Binder, L. I., Dentler, W. L. & Rosenbaum J. L. Assembly of chick brain tubulin onto flagellar microtubules from Chlamydomonas and sea urchin sperm. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA72, 1122–1126 (1975). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Witman, G. B. The site of in vivo assembly of flagellar microtubules. Ann. NY Acad. Sci.253, 178–191 (1975). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Johnson, K. A. & Rosenbaum, J. L. Polarity of flagellar assembly in Chlamydomonas. J. Cell Biol.119, 1605–1611 (1992). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Piperno, G., Mead, K. & Henderson, S. Inner dynein arms but not outer dynein arms require the activity of kinesin homologue protein KHP1Fla10 to reach the distal part of the flagella in Chlamydomonas. J. Cell Biol.133, 371–379 (1996).This paper showed that the IFT anterograde motor kinesin-II is required for transport of inner dynein arms to their site of assembly in the flagellum. This was the first identification of an IFT cargo. CASPubMed Google Scholar
Kozminski, K. G., Beech, P. L. & Rosenbaum, J. L. The Chlamydomonas kinesin-like protein FLA10 is involved in motility associated with the flagellar membrane. J. Cell Biol.131, 1517–1527 (1995).This study unequivocally correlated the IFT particles viewed by light microscopy with the linear arrays of particles seen by EM, and implicated the kinesin-like protein Fla10 in anterograde IFT. CASPubMed Google Scholar
Pazour, G. J., Dickert, B. L. & Witman, G. B. The DHC1b (DHC2) isoform of cytoplasmic dynein is required for flagellar assembly. J. Cell Biol.144, 473–481 (1999). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Pazour, G. J. et al. Chlamydomonas IFT88 and its mouse homologue, polycystic kidney disease gene Tg737, are required for assembly of cilia and flagella. J. Cell Biol.151, 709–718 (2000).This work showed that the IFT-particle protein IFT88 and its mouse homologue Tg737 are necessary for assembly ofChlamydomonasflagella and mouse kidney primary cilia, respectively. This provided the first link between defects in kidney cilia and kidney disease. CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Morris, R. L. & Scholey, J. M. Heterotrimeric kinesin-II is required for the assembly of motile 9+2 ciliary axonemes on sea urchin embryos. J. Cell Biol.138, 1009–1022 (1997). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Brown, J. M., Marsala, C., Kosoy, R. & Gaertig, J. Kinesin-II is preferentially targeted to assembling cilia and is required for ciliogenesis and normal cytokinesis in Tetrahymena. Mol Biol. Cell10, 3081–3096 (1999). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Perkins, L. A., Hedgecock, E. M., Thomson, J. N. & Culotti, J. G. Mutant sensory cilia in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Dev. Biol.117, 456–487 (1986). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Cole, D. G. et al. Chlamydomonas kinesin-II-dependent intraflagellar transport (IFT): IFT particles contain proteins required for ciliary assembly in Caenorhabditis elegans sensory neurons. J. Cell Biol.141, 993–1008 (1998).This paper first reported the purification and subunit composition of theChlamydomonasanterograde IFT motor Fla10-kinesin-II, and first identified homologues of theChlamydomonasIFT-particle proteins inC. elegansand mammals. CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Collet, J., Spike, C. A., Lundquist, J. E., Shaw, J. E. & Herman, R. K. Analysis of _osm_-6, a gene that affects sensory cilium structure and sensory neuron function in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics148, 187–200 (1998). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Signor, D. et al. Role of a class DHC1b dynein in retrograde transport of IFT motors and IFT raft particles along cilia, but not dendrites, in chemosensory neurons of living Caenorhabditis elegans. J. Cell Biol.147, 519–530 (1999). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Wicks, S. R., de Vries, C. J., van Luenen, H. G. A. M. & Plasterk, R. H. A. CHE-3, a cytosolic dynein heavy chain, is required for sensory cilia structure and function in Caenorhabditis elegans. Dev. Biol.221, 295–307 (2000). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Qin, H., Rosenbaum, J. L. & Barr, M. M. An autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease gene homolog is involved in intraflagellar transport in C. elegans ciliated sensory neurons. Curr. Biol.11, 1–20 (2001). Google Scholar
Nonaka, S. et al. Randomization of left–right asymmetry due to loss of nodal cilia generating leftward flow of extraembryonic fluid in mice lacking KIF3B motor protein. Cell95, 829–837 (1998).By knocking out a subunit of the anterograde IFT motor kinesin-II in the mouse, these authors showed that loss of nodal cilia caused situs inversus. This, and further work (references18–20) led to the hypothesis that the nodal cilia set up a morphogenetic gradient that determines left–right asymmetry. CASPubMed Google Scholar
Marszalek, J. R., Ruiz-Lozano, P., Roberts, E., Chien, K. R. & Goldstein, L. S. Situs inversus and embryonic ciliary morphogenesis defects in mouse mutants lacking the KIF3A subunit of kinesin-II. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA96, 5043–5048 (1999). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Takeda, S. et al. Left–right asymmetry and kinesin superfamily protein KIF3A: new insights in determination of laterality and mesoderm induction by _kif3A_−/− mice analysis. J. Cell Biol.145, 825–836 (1999). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Murcia, N. S. et al. The oak ridge polycystic kidney (orpk) disease gene is required for left–right axis determination. Development127, 2347–2355 (2000). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Marszalek, J. R. et al. Genetic evidence for selective transport of opsin and arrestin by kinesin-II in mammalian photoreceptors. Cell102, 175–187 (2000).UsingCre-loxPmutagenesis, these investigators selectively removed a subunit of kinesin-II from mouse photoreceptor cells. The results implicated kinesin-II in protein transport through the cilium that connects the inner and outer segments. CASPubMed Google Scholar
Pazour, G. J. et al. The intraflagellar transport protein, IFT88, is essential for vertebrate photoreceptor assembly and maintenance. J. Cell Biol.157, 103–114 (2002).This work showed that a defect in the expression of an IFT-particle protein in the mouse photoreceptor cell leads to a slow degeneration of the retina similar to that seen in some human diseases. CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Sloboda, R. D. A healthy understanding of intraflagellar transport. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton52, 1–8 (2002). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Kozminski, K. G., Johnson, K. A., Forscher, P. & Rosenbaum, J. L. A motility in the eukaryotic flagellum unrelated to flagellar beating. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA90, 5519–5523 (1993).The first report of IFT. It showed the existence of IFT inChlamydomonas, described the ultrastructure of the IFT particles and reported their rates of movement in both the anterograde and retrograde directions. CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Pazour, G. J., Wilkerson, C. G. & Witman, G. B. A dynein light chain is essential for the retrograde particle movement of intraflagellar transport (IFT). J. Cell Biol.141, 979–992 (1998).This paper showed that aChlamydomonasmutant lacking dynein light chain LC8 is defective in retrograde IFT. This set the stage for identification of cytoplasmic dynein 1b as the retrograde motor (references7,41). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Orozco, J. T. et al. Movement of motor and cargo along cilia. Nature398, 674 (1999).By using GFP to tag both the anterograde IFT motor kinesin-II and the IFT-particle protein OSM-6 inC. elegans, these investigators showed that both proteins moved anterogradely at the same rate in the worm's sensory cilia. This supported the hypothesis that kinesin-II is the anterograde IFT motor. CASPubMed Google Scholar
Allen, C. & Borisy, G. G. Structural polarity and directional growth of microtubules of Chlamydomonas flagella. J. Mol. Biol.90, 381–402 (1974). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Hirokawa, N. Kinesin and dynein superfamily proteins and the mechanism of organelle transport. Science279, 519–526 (1998). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Huang, B., Rifkin, M. R. & Luck, D. J. Temperature-sensitive mutations affecting flagellar assembly and function in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J. Cell Biol.72, 67–85 (1977). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Adams, G. M. W., Huang, B. & Luck, D. J. L. Temperature-sensitive, assembly-defective flagella mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Genetics100, 579–586 (1982). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Harris, E. H. The Chlamydomonas Sourcebook 502 (Academic, New York, 1989). Google Scholar
Walther, Z., Vashishtha, M. & Hall, J. L. The _Chlamydomonas FLA_10 gene encodes a novel kinesin-homologous protein. J. Cell Biol.126, 175–188 (1994). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Goodson, H. V., Kang, S. J. & Endow, S. A. Molecular phylogeny of the kinesin family of microtubule motor proteins. J. Cell Sci.107, 1875–1884 (1994). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Scholey, J. M. Kinesin-II, a membrane traffic motor in axons, axonemes, and spindles. J. Cell Biol.133, 1–4 (1996). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Vashishtha, M., Walther, Z. & Hall, J. L. The kinesin-homologous protein encoded by the Chlamydomonas FLA10 gene is associated with basal bodies and centrioles. J. Cell Sci.109, 541–549 (1996). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Deane, J. A., Cole, D. G., Seeley, E. S., Diener, D. R. & Rosenbaum, J. L. Localization of intraflagellar transport protein IFT52 identifies basal body transitional fibers as the docking site for IFT particles. Curr. Biol.11, 1586–1590 (2001). CASPubMed Google Scholar
King, S. M. et al. Brain cytoplasmic and flagellar outer arm dyneins share a highly conserved _M_r 8,000 light chain. J. Biol. Chem.271, 19358–19366 (1996). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Espindola, F. S. et al. The light chain composition of chicken brain myosin-Va: calmodulin, myosin-II essential light chains, and 8-kDa dynein light chain/PIN. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton47, 269–281 (2000). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Gibbons, B. H., Asai, D. J., Tang, W. J., Hays, T. S. & Gibbons, I. R. Phylogeny and expression of axonemal and cytoplasmic dynein genes in sea urchins. Mol. Biol. Cell5, 57–70 (1994). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Tanaka, Y., Zhang, Z. & Hirokawa, N. Identification and molecular evolution of new dynein-like protein sequences in rat brain. J. Cell Sci.108, 1883–1893 (1995). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Porter, M. E., Bower, R., Knott, J. A., Byrd, P. & Dentler, W. Cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain 1b is required for flagellar assembly in Chlamydomonas. Mol. Biol. Cell10, 693–712 (1999). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Pazour, G. J., Dickert, B. L. & Witman, G. B. The DHC1B (DHC2) isoform of cytoplasmic dynein is necessary for flagellar maintenance as well as flagellar assembly. Mol. Biol. Cell10, 369a (1999). Google Scholar
Iomini, C., Babaev-Khaimov, V., Sassaroli, M. & Piperno, G. Protein particles in Chlamydomonas flagella undergo a transport cycle consisting of four phases. J. Cell Biol.153, 13–24 (2001). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Piperno, G. et al. Distinct mutants of retrograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) share similar morphological and molecular defects. J. Cell Biol.143, 1591–1601 (1998). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Reese, E. L. & Haimo, L. T. Dynein, dynactin, and kinesin II's interaction with microtubules is regulated during bi-directional organelle transport. J. Cell Biol.151, 155–166 (2000). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Dentler, W. L. & Rosenbaum, J. L. Flagellar elongation and shortening in Chlamydomonas. J. Cell Biol.74, 747–759 (1977). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Dentler, W. L. Structures linking the tips of ciliary and flagellar microtubules to the membrane. J. Cell Sci.42, 207–220 (1980). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Piperno, G. & Mead, K. Transport of a novel complex in the cytoplasmic matrix of Chlamydomonas flagella. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA94, 4457–4462 (1997). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
San Agustin, J. T., Pazour, G. J. & Witman, G. B. Intraflagellar transport is essential for mammalian sperm tail formation. Mol. Biol. Cell12, 446a (2001). Google Scholar
Moyer, J. H. et al. Candidate gene associated with a mutation causing recessive polycystic kidney disease in mice. Science264, 1329–1333 (1994). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Pazour, G. J., San Agustin, J. T., Follit, J. A., Rosenbaum, J. L. & Witman, G. B. Polycystin-2 is localized to kidney cilia and its ciliary level is elevated in orpk mice with polycystic kidney disease. Curr. Biol.12, R378–R380 (2002). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Miller, M. S. & Cole, D. G. Chlamydomonas IFT172 is homologous to the rat selective LIM domain-binding (SLB) protein, a transcription factor-binding protein. Mol. Biol. Cell12, 446a (2001). Google Scholar
Howard, P. W. & Maurer, R. A. Identification of a conserved protein that interacts with specific LIM homeodomain transcription factors. J. Biol. Chem.275, 13336–13342 (2000). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Brazelton, W. J., Amundsen, C. D., Silflow, C. D. & Lefebvre, P. A. The bld1 mutation identifies the Chlamydomonas osm-6 homolog as a gene required for flagellar assembly. Curr. Biol.11, 1591–1594 (2001). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Wick, M. J., Ann, D. K. & Loh, H. H. Molecular cloning of a novel protein regulated by opioid treatment of NG108-15 cells. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res.32, 171–175 (1995). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Gervais, F. G. et al. Recruitment and activation of caspase-8 by the Huntingtin-interacting protein Hip-1 and a novel partner Hippi. Nature Cell Biol.4, 95–105 (2002). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Pazour, G. J., Dickert, B. L., Rosenbaum, J. L., Witman, G. B. & Cole, D. G. The p57 subunit of the intraflagellar transport (IFT) complex B is required for flagellar assembly in Chlamydomonas reinhardti. Mol. Biol. Cell10, 388a (1999). Google Scholar
Ringo, D. L. Flagellar motion and fine structure of the flagellar apparatus in Chlamydomonas. J. Cell Biol.33, 543–571 (1967). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Weiss, R. L., Goodenough, D. A. & Goodenough, U. W. Membrane particle arrays associated with the basal body and with contractile vacuole secretion in Chlamydomonas. J. Cell Biol.72, 133–143 (1977). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Bouck, G. B., Rosiere, T. K. & Levasseur, P. J. in Ciliary and Flagellar Membranes (ed. Bloodgood, R. A.), 65–90 (Plenum, New York, 1990). Google Scholar
Handel, M. et al. Selective targeting of somatostatin receptor 3 to neuronal cilia. Neuroscience89, 909–926 (1999). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Bloodgood, R. A. Protein targeting to flagella of trypanosomatid protozoa. Cell Biol. Int.24, 857–862 (2000). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Snapp, E. L. & Landfear, S. M. Cytoskeletal association is important for differential targeting of glucose transporter isoforms in Leishmania. J. Cell Biol.139, 1775–1783 (1997). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Snapp, E. L. & Landfear, S. M. Characterization of a targeting motif for a flagellar membrane protein in Leishmania enriettii. J. Biol. Chem.274, 29543–29548 (1999). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Godsel, L. M. & Engman, D. M. Flagellar protein localization mediated by a calcium-myristoyl/palmitoyl switch mechanism. EMBO J.18, 2057–2065 (1999). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Bouck, G. B. The structure, origin, isolation, and composition of the tubular mastigonemes of the Ochromonas flagellum. J. Cell Biol.50, 362–384 (1971). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Deretic, D. & Papermaster, D. S. Polarized sorting of rhodopsin on post-Golgi membranes in frog retinal photoreceptor cells. J. Cell Biol.113, 1281–1293 (1991). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Fowkes, M. E. & Mitchell, D. R. The role of preassembled cytoplasmic complexes in assembly of flagellar dynein subunits. Mol. Biol. Cell9, 2337–2347 (1998). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Diener, D. R., Cole, D. G. & Rosenbaum, J. L. Cytoplasmic precursors of flagellar radial spokes exist as large complexes. Mol. Biol. Cell7, 47a (1996). Google Scholar
Grantham, J. J., Nair, V. & Winklhofer, F. Cystic diseases of the kidney. in Brenner & Rector's The Kidney (ed. Brenner, B. M.), 1699–1730 (W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1996). Google Scholar
Blyth, H. & Ockenden, B. G. Polycystic disease of kidneys and liver presenting in childhood. J. Med. Genet.8, 257–284 (1971). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Cole, B. R., Conley, S. B. & Stapleton, F. B. Polycystic kidney disease in the first year of life. J. Pediatr.111, 693–699 (1987). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Taulman, P. D., Haycraft, C. J., Balkovetz, D. F. & Yoder, B. K. Polaris, a protein involved in left–right axis patterning, localizes to basal bodies and cilia. Mol. Biol. Cell12, 589–599 (2001). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Emmons, S. W. & Somlo, S. Mating, channels and kidney cysts. Nature401, 339–340 (1999). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Murcia, N. S., Sweeney, W. E. & Avner, E. D. New insights into the molecular pathophysiology of polycystic kidney disease. Kidney Int.55, 1187–1197 (1999). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Somlo, S. & Ehrlich, B. Calcium signaling in polycystic kidney disease. Curr. Biol.11, R356–R360 (2001). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Barr, M. M. & Sternberg, P. W. A polycystic kidney-disease gene homologue required for male mating behaviour in C. elegans. Nature401, 386–389 (1999).A seminal paper that showed that theC. eleganshomologues of polycystin 1 and polycystin 2 are located on the sensory cilia of the nematode. CASPubMed Google Scholar
Yoder, B. K., Hou, X. & Guay-Woodford, L. M. The polycystic kidney disease proteins: polycystin-1, polycystin-2, polaris, and cystin, are co-localized in renal cilia. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.13, 2508–2516 (2002). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Alberts, B. et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell 3rd Edn. (Garland, New York, 1994). Google Scholar
Praetorius, H. A. & Spring, K. R. Bending the MDCK cell primary cilium increases intracellular calcium. J. Membr. Biol.184, 71–79 (2001). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Schwartz, E. A., Leonard, M. L., Bizios, R. & Bowser, S. S. Analysis and modeling of the primary cilium bending response to fluid shear. Am. J. Physiol.272, F132–F138 (1997). CASPubMed Google Scholar
De Robertis, E. Morphogenesis of retinal rods: an electron microscope study. J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol.2 (suppl.), 209–216 (1958). Google Scholar
Tokuyasu, K. & Yamada, E. The fine structure of the retina studied with the electron microscope. IV. Morphogenesis of outer segments of retinal rods. J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol.6, 225–230 (1959). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Young, R. W. Visual cells and the concept of renewal. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.15, 700–725 (1976). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Besharse, J. C. in The Retina: A Model for Cell Biological Studies Part 1 (eds Adler, R. & Farber, D.) 297–352 (Academic, New York, 1986). Google Scholar
Beech, P. L. et al. Localization of kinesin superfamily proteins to the connecting cilium of fish photoreceptors. J. Cell Sci.109, 889–897 (1996). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Traboulsi, E. I. Genetic Diseases of the Eye (Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, 1998). Google Scholar
Sung, C-H. & Tai, A. W. Rhodopsin trafficking and its role in retinal dystrophies. Int. Rev. Cytol.195, 215–267 (2000). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Stephens, R. E. Synthesis and turnover of embryonic sea urchin ciliary proteins during selective inhibition of tubulin synthesis and assembly. Mol. Biol. Cell11, 2187–2198 (1997). Google Scholar
Song, L. & Dentler, W. L. Flagellar protein dynamics in Chlamydomonas. J. Biol. Chem.10, 29754–29763 (2001). Google Scholar
Marshall, W. F. & Rosenbaum, J. L. Intraflagellar transport balances continuous turnover of outer doublet microtubules: implications for flagellar length control. J. Cell Biol.155, 405–414 (2001). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Bergman, K., Goodenough, U. W., Goodenough, D. A., Jawitz, J. & Martin, H. Gametic differentiation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. II. Flagellar membranes and the agglutination reaction. J. Cell Biol.3, 606–622 (1975). Google Scholar
Remillard, S. P. & Witman, G. B. Synthesis, transport, and utilization of specific flageller proteins during flagellar regeneration in Chlamydomonas. J. Cell Biol.93, 615–631 (1982). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Bloodgood, R. A. Preferential turnover of membrane proteins in the intact Chlamydomonas flagellum. Exp. Cell Res.150, 488–493 (1984). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Pan, J. & Snell, W. J. Signal transduction during fertilization in the unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas. Curr. Opin. Microbiol.6, 596–602 (2000). Google Scholar
Pan, J. & Snell, W. J. Kinesin-II is required for flagellar sensory transduction during fertilization in Chlamydomonas. Mol. Biol. Cell13, 1417–1426 (2002). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Pan, J. & Snell, W. Regulated targeting of a protein kinase into an intact flagellum. An Aurora/Ipl1p-like protein kinase translocates from the cell body into the flagella during gamete activation in Chlamydomonas. J. Biol. Chem.31, 24106–24114 (2000). Google Scholar
Pan, J. & Snell, W. J. FLA10 kinesin II and regulated translocation into intact flagella of a protein kinase in Chlamydomonas gametes. Mol. Biol. Cell11, 368a (2000). Google Scholar
Witman, G. B. Introduction to cilia and flagella. in Ciliary and Flagellar Membranes (ed. Bloodgood, R. A.) 1–30 (Plenum, New York, 1990). Google Scholar
Wheatley, D. N. Primary cilia in normal and pathological tissues. Pathobiology63, 222–238 (1995). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Afzelius, B. A. & Mossberg, B. in The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited DiseaseVol. III (eds Scriver, C. R. et al.) 3943–3954 (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1995). Google Scholar
Okada, Y. et al. Abnormal nodal flow precedes situs inversus in iv and inv mice. Mol. Cell4, 459–468 (1999). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Supp, D. M. et al. Targeted deletion of the ATP binding domain of left–right dynein confirms its role in specifying development of left–right asymmetries. Development126, 5495–5504 (1999). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Nonaka, S., Shiratori, H., Saijoh, Y. & Hamada, H. Determination of left–right patterning of the mouse embryo by artificial nodal flow. Nature418, 96–99 (2002). CASPubMed Google Scholar