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chasma

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Chasma

chasma

カズマ

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chasma

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/09/27 17:52 UTC 版)

語源

From Latin chasma, from Ancient Greek χάσμα (khásma, “abyss, cleft”), from Ancient Greek χᾰ́σκω (khắskō, “to gape, yawn”) (possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰan-, *gʰan- (“to gape, yawn”) + -σκω (-skō, inchoative suffix forming a present-tense word), from Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti (suffix forming a durative or iterative imperfective verb); or from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁y- (“to gape, yawn”)) + Ancient Greek -μᾰ (-mă, suffix forming a noun denoting the result of an action) (from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ (suffix forming an action or result noun)). Doublet of chasm.

The obsolete “aurora” sense is from the fact that aurorae were thought to be rifts in the sky from which light shone through: see the 1822 quotation.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈkazmə/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈkæzmə/
• ハイフネーション: chas‧ma
• 韻: -æzmə

名詞

chasma (plural chasmas or chasmata)

1. (astronomy, geology) A long, narrow, steep-sided depression on a planet (often other than Earth), a moon, or another body in the Solar System.
   • 1991 June 1, Steven K. Croft, “Tethys Geology and Tectonics Revisited”, in Reports of Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program (NASA Technical Memorandum; accession number 92N10765, document ID 19920001547)‎, Washington, D.C.: Scientific and Technical Information Branch, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, →OCLC, archived from the original on 22 February 2017, page 98:
   • 2007, Mary G. Chapman, John L. Smellie, “Mars Interior Layered Deposits and Terrestrial Sub-ice Volcanoes Compared: Observations and Interpretations of Similar Geomorphic Characteristics”, in Mary [G.] Chapman, editor, The Geology of Mars: Evidence from Earth-based Analogs (Cambridge Planetary Science), Cambridge; New York, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 203:
2. (astronomy, obsolete, rare) An aurora.
   • 1814 December, Thomas Thomson, “On the Aurora Borealis”, in Annals of Philosophy; or, Magazine of Chemistry, Mineralogy, Mechanics, Natural History, Agriculure, and the Arts, volume IV, number XXIV, London: Printed by C. Baldwin, New Bridge-street, for Robert Baldwin, Paternoster-Row; sold also by W[illiam] Blackwood, Edinburgh; and J. Cumming, Dublin, →OCLC, page 427:
   • 1822, Samuel Burder, “St. Luke. iii. 21”, in Oriental Literature, Applied to the Illustration of the Sacred Scriptures; Especially with Reference to Antiquities, Traditions, and Manners; Collected from the Most Celebrated Writers and Travellers, Ancient and Modern. Designed as a Sequel to Oriental Customs. [...] In Two Volumes, volume II, London: Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, Paternoster-Row, →OCLC, paragraph 1283, page 375:
   • 1823, “Aurora Borealis”, in Encyclopædia Britannica: Or, A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Miscellaneous Literature, 6th enl. and imp. edition, volume III, Edinburgh: Printed for Archibald Constable and Company; and Hurst, Robinson, and Company, Cheapside, London, →OCLC, page 278, column 2:
3. Obsolete form of chasm.

関連する語

• chasm
• chasmal
• chasmatical

アナグラム

• chamas, chamsa, ascham, Schama

名詞

chasma n (genitive chasmatis); third declension

1. A chasm, abyss
2. A kind of meteor

語形変化

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

派生した語

• → English: chasm, chasma

参照

• “chasma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “chasma”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 299.

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