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false cognate

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/07/10 12:09 UTC 版)

名詞

false cognate (plural false cognates)

1. A word which is identical or similar in both form and meaning to another word, and therefore appears to also be cognate (etymologically related) to it, but which is in fact unrelated.
2. A word that appears identical or similar in form to another word, but is both unrelated in its meaning and of unrelated origin.
3. (proscribed) A false friend, a word that appears to have the same meaning as a given word, but that does not (without regard to whether or not the two terms are cognate).

使用する際の注意点

• Example of false cognates of the first kind:
  • English dog and Mbabaram dog both mean the same but are false cognates, as the two words are not etymologically related.
• Example of false cognates of the second kind:
  • Spanish pie (“foot”) and English pie have no relation whatsoever, despite being homographs. The Spanish word is cognate with foot despite its different form.
• Example of false friends:
  • Spanish atender and English attend are indeed cognates (they have a shared root in Latin attendō), but they are false friends (they have different meanings, as atender means "assist, look after"), thus, they are only false cognates in the proscribed third sense.

参考

• Category:False cognates and false friends, lists of false friends in various languages
• false friend

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